It is comparatively uncommon for a tumour of the orbit to invade the globe directly.
Fracture of the anterior fossa# may result from a blow on the forehead, nose, or face; or from a punctured wound of the orbit or of the nasal cavity.
Those which originate in the orbit may be solid or cystic.
Fracture of the margin of the orbit results from a direct blow, and is followed by circum-orbital and sub-conjunctival ecchymosis, and sometimes is associated with paralysis of the optic nerve, or of the other ocular nerves.
Implication of the frontal sinus may be followed by emphysema of the orbit and lids, and if there is infection by suppurative complications.
Tumours may originate in the orbit or may invade it by spreading from adjacent cavities.
When the medial wall is fractured and the nasal fossa opened into, epistaxis and emphysema of the orbit are constant symptoms.
More frequently a pointed instrument, such as a fencing foil, the end of an umbrella, or a knitting needle, is thrust through the orbit into the base of the brain.
Infection of the cellular tissue of the orbit by pyogenic bacteria is specially liable to follow punctured wounds and compound fractures, if a foreign body has lodged in the orbital cavity.
Wounds of the orbit result from the introduction of pointed objects, such as knitting pins, pencils, or fencing foils, or from chips of stone or metal, or small shot.
When the tumour has invaded the orbit secondarily, its removal may be impossible, but it may be necessary to remove the eye for the relief of pain.
The roof of the orbit is implicated in many fractures of the anterior fossa of the skull produced by indirect violence.
When the nasal fossæ or the air sinuses are opened into, the patient should be warned against blowing his nose, as this is liable to induce or increase emphysema of the orbit or lids.
Similarly effusion of blood in the region of the orbit may be due to a simple contusion of the soft parts ("black eye"), or to gravitation of blood from the forehead or temple.
At the posterior levels of the orbit the bursa angularis oris (b.
The septum nasi persists at the anterior level of the orbit and terminates just anterior to the orbitonasal foramen (orbnas.
Cartilage appears in the ventral part of the sphenethmoid in posteromost sections; at the posterior levels of the orbit the sphenethmoid is entirely cartilaginous.
The fatalism of the trenches forbade any other conclusion; and if this was so, why had he been thrown into the orbit of Zen Transley?
He had not sought her out in all that great West; he had been content with his dream of the Zen of years gone by; if Fate had brought him once more within the orbit of his star surely Fate had a purpose in all its doings.
Fate HAS brought within my orbit a second chance, or what would have been a second chance had my heart not been so full of you.
At this point the moon's orbit about the sun has a shorter radius of curvature than the earth's.
As drawn in the diagram, the cross has moved through exactly ninety degrees, or one right angle, while the planet in its orbit has moved through considerably more than a right angle.
But its velocity is subject to remarkable variation, owing to the peculiar form of the orbit in which the planet travels.
When in aphelion, or at its greatest distance, Eros is outside of the orbit of Mars, but when in perihelion it is so much inside of Mars's orbit that it comes surprisingly near the earth.
When nearest the sun Mercury darts forward in its orbit at the rate of twenty-nine miles in a second, while when farthest from the sun the speed is reduced to twenty-three miles.
This theory, which is due to Olbers, begins with the startling assumption that a planet, perhaps as large as Mars, formerly revolving in an orbit situated between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, was destroyed by an explosion!
In the skull the orbit is surrounded by bone, and there is no distinct depression in front of the same.
The orbit is surrounded by a bony ring; the ulna and radius in the fore, and the tibia and fibula in the hind-limb are united, and the feet are of the types described above.
Lower Pliocene, and may have been the ancestor of the Arab stock, which shows traces of the depression in front of the orbit characteristic of the earlier forms.
Similarly the gap on each side of the canine tooth in each jaw continues to increase in length; while in all the later forms the orbit is surrounded by a ring of bone.
The characteristics of the group will be gathered from the remarks on the leading genera; but it may be mentioned that the orbit is open behind, the cheek-teeth are short-crowned and without cement (fig.
Crossing the orbitof Mars, now approximately in opposition to Jupiter, the Sandra streaked on into the last leg of her long voyage.
Could he not, for their sakes, tear himself loose from bondage to his own deeply rooted beliefs, and launch out into his true orbit about God?
The onesidedness and narrow circle of her attention.
The orbit of Uranus displayed certain minute irregularities which they referred to a planet, at that time not as yet observed, whose place they indicated.
Its orbit was flat with the ground: then tilting, more yet, it made a last circle that stood like a hoop in the air.
He started the generators and drove the vessel from her temporary orbit with rapid acceleration.
He was looking it over, but he began his inspection at a distance, and the orbit of his plane made a tightening spiral as he edged for a closer look.
The Nomad was drifting in space, subject only to natural forces that swung it in a vast orbit around the sun.
The movement of the body in its orbit makes no difference because the force follows wherever it goes.
A large triangular opening intervenes between the nose hole and the eye hole, scarcely smaller than the former, but much larger than the orbit of the eye.
It is triangular, and stretches from the outer angle of the frontal bone at the back of the orbit to the squamosal behind, where it also meets the quadrate bone.
It is made by the malar bone extending from the back of the orbit and the process of bone, called the zygomatic process, extending forward from the articulation of the jaw, which arches out to meet the malar bone.
The orbit of the eye in Rhamphorhynchus is enormously large, and placed vertically above the articulation for the lower jaw.
In most birds there is a large vacuity in the side of the head between the nostril and the orbit of the eye, partly separated from it by the bone which carries the duct for tears named the lachrymal bone.
The orbitfor the eye is the largest opening in the head, so that these three apertures successively increase in size, and are followed by the vertically elongated post-orbital vacuity.
The side of the head in Archaeopteryx is distinguished by the nostril being far forward, the vacuity in front of the orbit being as large as in the Pterodactyle Scaphognathus from Solenhofen and other long-tailed Pterodactyles.
Belodon has preorbital vacuities and postorbital vacuities, but the orbit of the eye is never large, as in Pterodactyles.
The Nemesis was challenged as she emerged from her last hyperjump; both ships broke orbit and came out to meet her, and several more were detected lifting away from the planet.
Requesting permission and instructions to orbit in.
He made it a rule that there should always be at least two ships in orbitoff Tanith in addition to the Lamia, which was on permanent patrol, and he installed more missile-launching stations both on the moon and on the planet.
The Viking's Gift of Beowulf came in with a cargo, and went on orbit after discharging it to join the watch.
The big one was fortified, and a couple of ships were in orbit around it.
When they came out again, they were two light-seconds off the south pole, and half a dozen ships were either in orbit or coming up from the planet.
The process of getting into orbit took them around the planet several times, and it was a more impressive spectacle at each circuit.
There had been five ships on orbit or landed at Viktor's spaceport beside the usual Gilgameshers and itinerant traders, two of them Viktor's own, and a big armed freighter had come in from Haulteclere as the Black Star was leaving.
For a moment, he was angry; that went beyond the outer-orbit limits of journalistic propriety, even for Westlands T & T.
The captain of the merchantman from Wardshaven now on orbit refused to take a cargo to Newhaven; he had been chartered by King Angus, and would take orders from no one else.
The Enterprise was on orbit there, getting some light repairs.
Three independent Space Viking ships were still in orbit on Tanith; they joined the expedition.
The four that had been circling Moonbase broke orbit and started toward the relieving fleet; one took a hit from a Moonbase missile, which staggered her but did no evident damage.
No ships onorbit circled it; there was a little faint radiation, which could have been from naturally radioactive minerals; there was no electrical discharge detectable.
In astronomy the word denotes the angular distance of a body from the pericentre of the orbit in which it is moving.
Eccentric anomaly is defined thus:--Draw the circumscribing circle of the elliptic orbit around the centre C of the orbit.
What, then, would be the orbit of a planet under a central attraction varying as the inverse square of the distance?
Adams started with the assumptions, not improbable, that the orbit of the unknown planet was a circle, and that its distance from the sun was twice that of Uranus.
What are the elements of the orbitwhich it describes?
Halley found that Newton had already determined that the form of the orbit would be an ellipse.
Luckily for the success of his investigation the planet on which he had concentrated his attention is the one of all the planets then known, the orbit of which most widely differs from a circle.
Adams undertook to "find the most probable orbit and mass of the disturbing body which has acted on Uranus.
If he computed an orbit from the two sets of data combined, the requirements of the earlier observations were fairly well met, but the later observations were not represented with sufficient precision.
Both Adams and Leverrier had assumed as a rough approximation at starting that the orbit of the new planet was circular and that, in accordance with Bode's Law, its distance was twice that of Uranus.
This was an inverse problem; the perturbation being given, it was required to find the position, mass, and orbit of the disturbing planet.
The ordinary problem in planetary perturbations calls for the determination of the effect on a known orbit exerted by a body of known mass and motion.
One should not pass over in this account the labors of Eugene Bouvard, the nephew of Alexis, who continued to note anomalies in the orbit of Uranus and to construct new planetary tables till the very eve of the discovery of Neptune.
That the orbit of each planet is an ellipse, the sun being in one focus.
The earth revolved in an orbit obliquely intersecting that of the sun, and in twenty-four hours, round the central fire, always turning the same side toward that fire.
A group of small planets, called asteroids, revolving beyond the orbit of Mars, and numbering, according to the latest discoveries, about two hundred and twenty.
The actual length of this day is continually changing owing to the eccentricity of the earth's orbit and the angle of the ecliptic.
This instant varies from twelve o'clock mean time because the earth also advances in itsorbit and its meridians are not perpendicular to the ecliptic.
It is obvious, of course, when a spaceship rams a fixed orbit station.
She's going out in orbit tonight with the first batch of supplies and instruments to get ready for the new Wheel.
But when the soul applies itself to the rational and the orbit of the self-identical makes itself known, thought is perfected into knowledge.
Do not interfere as we return to our orbit about the sun!
His proposal was somewhat like that which you made when we sent the Earth out of its orbit into outer space, save that Dalis' scheme involved no such program.
The man who called himself Stanley Martin had carefully plotted the orbitof this particular planetoid and then let his spaceboat coast in without using any detection equipment except the visual.
Second, and much more important, the fourth world was at such a point in herorbit that the energy required to land would destroy the ship beyond any doubt.
The weakness of the gravitational fields generated between the two caused only a slight change of orbit on the part of both bodies.
