The majority of the Ctenostomata are marine, but some genera are found in estuaries, while those of one section of the suborder live almost exclusively in fresh water.
The three suborders are distinguished as follows:-- Suborder A.
We may append to the Arthrodira as a possible suborder the group called Cycliae by Dr.
The sharks of this suborder are the most highly specialized of the group, the strongest and largest and, in general, the most active and voracious.
Doubtless when taxonomy is a more refined art they will constitute a small suborder together.
The suborder Rhinae includes those sharks having the vertebrae tectospondylous, that is, with two or more series of calcified lamellae, as on the rays.
The most ancient types may be set off as a distinctsuborder under the name of Cestraciontes or Prosarthri.
In the suborder Luciae, including the family Pyrosomidae, the colonies are thimble-shaped and hollow, the incurrent openings being on the outer surface of the thimble, the outgoing stream opening within.
The group of rays and Hasse's order of Cyclospondyli we may consider each as a suborder of Tectospondyli.
The suborder Ascidiae simplices includes the solitary Ascidians or "sea-squirts," common on our shores, as well as the social forms in which an individual is surrounded by its buds.
The family Lepidosirenidae, representing the suborder Diplopneumona, is represented by two genera of mudfishes found in streams of Africa and South America.
A suborder of Gephyræa, having a cylindrical body with a terminal anal opening, and usually with one or two caudal gills.
A suborder of existing ganoid fishes having numerous fins along the back.
An extensive suborder of fresh-water physostomous fishes having the anterior vertebræ united and much modified; the Eventognathi.
A suborder of serpents including those that have permanently erect grooved poison fangs, with ordinary teeth behind them in the jaws.
The bats included in this suborder are so numerous in genera (to say nothing of species) that only some of the more important types can be mentioned.
All the members of this suborder are included in the single family Pteropodidae, the first representatives of which are the African epauletted bats, forming the genus Epomophorus.
Scientists recognize two suborders of living cetaceans: the whalebone whales, suborder Mysticeti, and the toothed whales, suborder Odontoceti.
The demarcation between the two branches of the suborder is distinct; there is nothing common to the two.
As to the family, the suborder to which she belonged, he was at an utter loss to decide.
They differ from those of the suborder Coelacanthoidei in the retention of basipterygoid processes.
Synaptotylus is excluded from the advanced suborder Coelacanthoidei by the retention of basipterygoid processes on the basisphenoid.
The suborder includes the Lizards, Chamaeleons and Amphisbaenians.
This suborder contains a number of extinct Carnivora, which present very generalised characters.
This suborder includes only a very aberrant arboreal genus Galeopithecus, remarkable for its greatly elongated limb bones, and peculiar dentition.
This suborder includes Mosasaurus and its allies, a group of enormous extinct marine reptiles found in beds of Cretaceous age.
This suborder includes the most specialised of the Dinosaurs, certain of which resemble the Theropoda in being bipedal.
This suborder includes the largest of land mammals, the Elephants, and certain of their extinct allies.
The suborder includes many well-known extinct forms like Acanthodes and Diplacanthus; it ranges from the Devonian to the Permian.
The only representatives of the suborder are some small animals belonging to the genus Procavia (Hyrax), which is found in Africa and Syria; some of the species are by many authors placed in a distinct genus Dendrohyrax.
This suborder includes all the ordinary Insectivora, such as moles, shrews and hedgehogs.
The best known animals belonging to this suborder are the Uintatheriidae (Dinocerata)[131], found in the Upper Eocene of Wyoming.
This suborder was formed for the reception of Cladoselache, an Elasmobranch found in the Lower Carboniferous of Ohio[32].
They are specially characteristic of the suborder Acanthodii.
Uintatherium (suborder Amblypoda) also has a large and vertically placed pelvis (fig.
A suborder of Bryozoa, usually having a circle of bristles below the tentacles.
An extensive suborder of marine Bryozoa, mostly with calcareous shells.
This suborder is formed by the single family of the Hyracidae.
In this place may be mentioned another strange ungulate from the Santa Cruz beds of Patagonia, namely, Astrapotherium, sometimes regarded as typifying a suborder by itself.
Later still, in 1899 and subsequently, the bones of two other creatures of the same suborder have been discovered, one of them indicating an animal much larger than a man.
The fourth and last group of this suborder contains the multiradiate #Plectoidea#, the Polyplagida and Polyplectida.
This is the case in the remarkable suborder #Plectoidea# (Plagonida and Plectanida).
The suborder of #Spyroidea# is here divided into four different families.
It represented by itself the suborder #Botryodea# until the year 1860.
Spyroidea# probably the most original and typical form, from which, as a common ancestral form, all other genera of this polymorphous suborder may be derived.
Boulenger in the suborder Acanthopterygii, in a division called Zeorhombi.
In ordinary language the name is used for any species of Siphonaptera (otherwise known as Aphaniptera), which, though formerly regarded as a suborder of Diptera (q.
This suborder includes a peculiar group of insects, the most striking characteristics of which are the mouth-parts, which are prolonged into a rostrum or beak.
Closely allied to the latter suborder is the suborder Plecoptera, which includes the single family Perlidae or Stone-flies.
To express these facts taxonomically requires that Hesperoherpeton be removed from the family Cricotidae, suborder Embolomeri, order Anthracosauria, and placed in a new order and family of labyrinthodont Amphibia.
COD, the name given to the typical fish of the family Gadidae, of the Teleostean suborder Anacanthini, the position of which has much varied in our classifications.
