I think there is a tremendous opportunity to plant pecans as shade trees.
Doering, at the University of Kansas identified the spittle bug from the Illinois pecans as Clastoptera achatina, a species not hitherto recognized as an important pecan pest.
Pecans and hickories are commonly patch-budded in summer in commercial nurseries.
Spittle bugs from southeastern pecans have been referred to a different species.
Practically all of these northern pecans have been tried in our environment, and some have lived for several years.
We make no plans for pecans unless we have a season with no freezing until the middle of November.
I used to live near Kansas City on a place where someone had planted 18 or 20 pecans right along the side of a golf course.
This shows the tremendous adaptability of the pecan, and it is hoped that this ability to adapt itself to soil and climatic conditions will eventually cause it to produce small but edible pecans here in the north.
But when my friend from Brunswick sold his native pecans he got just about as much for them per pound as the southern growers got for their much larger southern seedlings.
Magill's talk on top working of native pecans in southwestern Kentucky.
Pecans and hicans were also grafted on hardy northern pecan seedlings, and Japanese walnut stocks were used for butternuts and heartnuts.
Mr. Paul White and Mr. Ford Wilkinson have both worked in the North and in the South, and after coming back home these boys say that anybody can propagate pecans in the South, but with us it is different.
I am sorry I am not able to talk about something that would be more interesting to those interested in pecans and other nuts.
Native pecans for seed stock can be procured from there in abundance.
REED: So there is an argument that silences me and still it is true that we can't safely plant hickories and pecans without some degree of cultivation.
I recall eight varieties of northern pecans three of which have good names and three perfectly worthless ones.
The Illinois River has more pecanson it than the Wabash.
I have my doubts about pecans and almonds but am willing to try them here.
I have set an orchard of northern varieties of pecans budded from the parent trees in the Evansville section on my farm in Maryland this spring.
It is very rare that the importance of these seedling pecans is known to their owners, and they are not entitled to any consideration themselves.
This fact and the fact that really good pecans can grow up north are the two facts that I wish this association to work on in order to get results that are certain of success.
MCCOY: We fertilized seedling pecans in a clay soil and we decided the trees we did not fertilize got along better than the ones we did.
Pecans of all kinds were tried by him and choice specimens were obtained from all parts of the country.
Mr. Rush is an experienced propagator of walnuts and pecans and I want to give him some time to show his methods.
I should think the best results with walnut as well as with pecans would be by cutting the scion wood the year before.
Other pecansin the vicinity bore a very light crop.
While pecans are perhaps not of particular interest to growers of nuts in the Northern States, yet brief reference will be made to some of the insect enemies of the pecan.
He went into town one day and got interested in pecans and bought all the different kinds he could find, all the different shapes.
Pecans in the nursery have made a very satisfactory growth.
In parts of semi-arid Texas the trees are supplied with moisture by sub-irrigation and when we move thosepecans to the humid East we get almost as much non-adjustment as when we bring in foreign things.
Other propagators are said to be able to secure fair results with cleft grafting of pecans in certain localities, but from my experience, I am willing to aver that it cannot be done in this latitude.
I would suggest that these pecansfrom western Texas are the very ones to take to Utah and California rather than those from the eastern part of the United States.
I planted five varieties ofpecans and they are still living and growing very slowly.
In all parts of the pecan country experience has shown that seedling pecans are notably slow in coming into bearing and some trees never bear at all.
Now I also find that my statement in the same paper that the grafted pecans sent by Mr. Reed were winter-killed was an error, as only certain trees failed to grow above the graft.
All pecans lived, both here and at Toronto, if I include those that sprung up below the graft.
Deming's question as to the farthermost northern pecans I said Charles City, Iowa.
I might say, however, that most of the native trees are bearing a very good crop of pecans this season in our country.
Pecans in High Land There have been a number of articles written by men well posted claiming that the pecan will not bear or thrive except on the cultivated bottom lands of our valleys and streams.
Pecans grew as many as four feet both here and at Toronto this summer.
In quantity, the production of cultivatedpecans is still slight in comparison with that of the wild product or with cultivated walnuts and almonds of the Pacific Coast.
Plant your pecans in blasted ground, and stop first-year losses.
Notes on Some Kansas and Kentucky Pecans in Central Texas A letter to the Secretary from O.
Amos Workman of Hurricane, Utah, sent seed of his best black and Persian walnuts, pecans and figs.
In addition to these named varieties I have a number of seedling black walnuts, butternuts and heartnuts, which I hope to topwork to named varieties; also two seedling pecans which are making surprisingly good, thrifty growth.
The field where the hickory and pecans are to go has the tree rows plowed, manured and soy beaned ready for planting.
Hicans and northern pecans do not develop north of Lake Ontario.
The chestnuts and most of the pecansare very young and so are not bearing.
For instance, the field that fitted my plan to plant walnuts is too wet, so there we shall plant the hickories, pecans and hicans with persimmons as fillers.
Down in the very southwest corner of Ontario, north of Lake Erie, some small pecans have cropped well on trees.
My nursery is in clay soil with a hard stratum of soil three or four feet below the surface, and because of this I have been unable to graft pecans in the nursery, though I have tried every known method, and under all conditions.
I could successfully graft at the McCoy Nursery, then use the same scion wood and the same method at home, but have a complete failure; therefore, I turned to budding entirely on pecans in the nursery.
Notes on Some Kansas and Kentucky Pecans in Central Texas--O.
Are any of the following kinds of trees growing in your locality: American Black Walnut European Chestnut Japanese Walnut Japanese Chestnut English Walnut Chinese Walnut Butternut Beechnut Hickory nut Hazel nut Pecans Filbert Sweet Chestnut Q.
A cluster of two smallpecans grown on the great pecan tree in Hartford, Ct.
The market for cultivated pecans has developed in a most marvelous way.
Last of all I will mention again the cluster of Indiana pecans brought here by Mr. Wycoff of Aurora.
The people in the South who grow pecans are doing a commercial business but they don't have to advertise; they can't furnish enough nuts to meet the demand.
The soil of most of my place is quite heavy, walnuts, pecans and hickories doing finely.
We have one tree that has got a few pecans on this year; last year the same tree had over a hundred; this year it hasn't got more than a dozen, but it promises to have a heavy crop next year.
Mr. Patterson comes from Albany, Georgia, and is probably the biggest producer of pecans in the world.
With that recipe you can make a white cake in about three minutes, fill your flour and your frosting with pecans and you certainly will have a feast for the gods.
It is going to save thousands of dollars if it is a fact recognized in time, because many would go to putting pecans upon other hickories.
Indiana Hardy Pecan and Walnut Trees We grow hardy varieties of Pecans and Persian (English) Walnuts under northern conditions for northern planting.
A great majority of the Persian walnuts and pecans don't begin to pollenate till the tenth of May, and it is very rare that a tree doesn't ripen its nuts there.
For example, I have scions that were not over four to eight inches long grafted on one year seedling pecans which, at the end of this season's growth, were as much as thirty inches high.
I think it is pretty well conceded that if one undertakes to crowd the northern limits with the southern varieties of pecans, they become uncertain in their bearing habits and the pecans are much smaller and not as well filled.
Pecans have been planted in Connecticut and Massachusetts.
Pecan trees for successful culture in the North must be of hardy, early-maturing varieties, budded on stocks from northern pecans and grown in nursery under suitable climatic conditions.
The nut is so very fine, however, that no southern grove of pecans is complete without a fair percentage of "Schley" trees.
Until last year the successful propagation of pecans in the North was doubted by many, but the experiments conducted by myself and Mr. R.
It is true, of course, that some of the very finest of the northern pecans have originated in Indiana, yet I prefer to speak of pecans in that whole section of the country as belonging to the "Indiana group.
We are also engaged in the propagation of trees from the best varieties of Northern Pecans found in the states of Indiana, Illinois and Kentucky.
This is important, for the reason that this more than anything else will insure a supply of pecans each year, and this will develop a public dependency upon this most valuable nut.
That is a thing that may not be determined right now, but nurserymen must be able to report upon comparative ripening times of various kinds of pecans to be sent north.
There are one or two varieties in this neighborhood that may take rank over all the northern pecans that have been discovered.
Turn there, if you please--yonder by that lightning-scared old oak and those top-heavy pecans is his cabin and has been for more than sixty years.
Pecans have suffered in competition with other nuts because they are difficult to get out of the shells without breaking the meats.
Mr. Jones: These are pecans that Mr. Roper brought up from the Arrowfield Nurseries.
A Member: Does that work onpecans as well as hickories?
There are hickory nuts 1-1/4 inch long and there are shagbarks as full of meat as pecans and probably quite as good.
Smith: Have you used that with pecans in the North?
Mr. Jones: We have used it on pecansand walnuts for the reason that it doesn't have to be untied as it bursts off with the growth of the tree.
The pecan trees growing there have absolutely no tap-roots at all, it rots off as soon as it strikes the permanent water-table; and I think that's the reason they produce such enormous quantities of pecans in that county.
We have several Japan walnut trees bearing this year some of which I consider first class, equal to the best shellbarks or pecans in cracking quality; besides they are so very prolific, producing as many as a dozen in a cluster.
The recent census figures show that fully three-fifths of all the pecans produced in the United States come from Texas.
Whatever planting of pecans is done in the area north of the shaded portions there must be considered as experimental.
We also have both budded and root-grafted pecans from last spring and summer so that in the spring we will have a better opportunity to see what effect the winter will have on them.
If they survive the winter I purpose planting more pecans and some other nuts,--chestnuts, black walnuts and possibly Persian walnuts.
The Secretary: How did your pecans and hickories do last summer?
My experience with transplanting seedling pecans shows that they, too, can, without serious difficulty, be planted out in such rough land and kept waiting there for years until the day of possible utilization.
This would keep them from crowding the chestnut trees, but would by no means have kept me out of a stand of vigorous pecans and black walnuts ready to graft at very short notice.
REED: It did in that one instance, but, on the other hand, we have seen pecans grown on top-worked hickories that you could hardly tell from typical specimens of pecans grown on pecan stocks.
Now, the difficulty I would expect to encounter is the same as when pecans are grafted on hickory, and when sweet cherries are grafted on Mahaleb, namely, that the root is not sufficiently vigorous to support the top.
I don't believe that you can grow good pecans on hickory stocks on uplands where there is not moisture enough in the soil to grow good pecans on pecan stocks.
On deep rich, alluvial soils the trees may not need to be fertilized, but many of the soils on which pecans have been set in orchard form, require to be fertilized to secure the best results.
Pecans which have become somewhat dry should be soaked in water over night.
Large quantities of pecans are sold in the American markets.
Sometimes the system of pruning pecans with tall, bare trunks is adopted to allow of crops being grown under the trees, or because it is desired to use the ground as a cattle pasture.
If pecans are planted on land with a quicksand subsoil, the roots are unable to make their way downward through the quicksand.
The best recommendation that can be made in regard to pecans affected by this disease is to dig them up and burn them.
Budded and grafted trees of certain well-known varieties of pecans have been sold, which were not those varieties.
They replied that they would take nuts like the samples at twelve and a half to fifteen cents a pound in carload lots, when the common run of pecans could be purchased at four or five cents per pound.
If mixed plantings, such as pecans and peaches, are to be made, then the quincunx system should be used and a peach tree set in the center of the square or rectangle formed by every four pecan trees.
In certain sections spring working of pecans has been abandoned entirely owing to the destruction wrought by this pest.
As it is at present, so will it be for many years to come, strictly first-class pecans will be handled almost entirely by or through a private trade.
Some day, varieties of pecans will become known in the markets just as varieties of grapes, apples or pears are known.
As the output of high-grade pecans is increased, they may be disposed of through the usual nut trade channels--the commission men.
At the second annual meeting of the National Nut Growers' Association, held in New Orleans, the following scale of points for judgingpecans was adopted: PECAN NUTS.
As far as the hybrid pecans are concerned, the pecan root is certainly the right stock to use on all hybrids.
In the Wabash bottoms there is a lot of this black soil that is overflowed every year, and some of the finest hickory nuts and some of the finest pecans that you can find in the country are there.
The outstanding thing about this tree and what called it to my attention was a patient who came into my office complaining with a backache from picking up pecans on the 20th day of August.
He thought that he would plant it to pecansso that his family and his children's families would have nuts for their own use and pleasure.
I acquired a few pecans for understocks but the only variety that was congenial with pecan as far as I knew was Rockville, but it produced no nuts--it was just a nice tree to look at.
A great deal of work has been done on the pests of pecans in the South, and some work on those that attack filberts and chestnuts.
The pecan weevil,[10] also known as the hickory nut weevil, often causes heavy losses of pecans and most species of hickory.
This includes the native hickory and the black walnut, hazels, filberts and the pecans in Southern Indiana.
I well remember the statement of one of the larger pecan growers in Louisiana to the effect that all the pleasure of growing pecans would be gone the day he had to start spraying to control insects and diseases.
In the course of a few years he not only had morepecans than all of the families could use, but he sold hundreds of pounds of nuts from these trees.
The walnut trees now range from 5 to 12 feet in height and the pecans up to 6 feet.
I think that Burdette in Texas also pointed out that thick-shelled pecanstook longer to germinate than thin-shelled pecans.
He planted pecans each winter, beginning about 1912, often to the ribbing of friends who still worshipped at the feet of King Cotton.
He reports winter-killing of pecansfrom southern sources.
After visiting some bearing paper-shell pecans here in Fresno county, I believe a pecan orchard of choice variety would be more desirable than a walnut orchard.
Pecans do well on moist rich land in the interior valleys where there are sharper temperature changes than in the coast valleys, except perhaps near the upper coast.
Would you advise planting of pecans in commercial orchards here?
The wild pecans which formerly came on the market at Christmastime in mixtures of nuts were just as difficult to extract from their shells as the wild shagbark hickory nuts are now.
The Major and Posey pure pecans being incompatible on bitternut hickory roots were grafted on pecan stocks, but they proved to be tender to our winters and the varieties were finally lost.
A plate showing a few of these pecans illustrates, by means of a ruler, the actual size of these pecans, and the fact that they matured so well by October 30 indicates that in many seasons they may be relied upon to mature their crop.
Photo by Reed 1927] Other experiments I have made with pecans include an attempt to grow Southern pecans from seed, but they seem to be no more hardy than an orange tree would be.
Their catalogues were so inviting that I decided it would be quite plausible to grow pecans and English walnuts at this latitude.
This length of time contrasts very unfavorably with that required by grafted pecans which produce nuts on quite young trees, frequently within three to five years after grafting.
Of the twelve pecans I planted, only six sprouted, and of these, only one has survived up to this date and is now a small weak tree.
There were two small pecansgrowing in the same rows as the large ones planted fifteen years previously.
One year sufficed; the death of my whole planting of English walnuts and pecans turned me back to my original interest.
Thin slices of Brazil nuts, crisp toasted almonds, English walnuts, pecans or hickory nuts are suitable accompaniments.
Crackers with Nuts= Brush baked crackers with beaten white of egg and spread thick with chopped or coarse ground nuts (English walnuts or pecans or both).
Brazil nuts, pecans or almonds, with figs or dates.
The pecans are not usually regarded as true hickories from the wood-user's viewpoint.
Last year's stock takes on as bright a polish as fresh stock, and the color and smoothness alone are not sufficient to prove that pecans are fresh from the trees.
However, by far the largest part of pecans on the market is wild fruit from the forests.
Dealers occasionally polish pecans to impart the rich, brown color which is supposed to give them the appearance of being fresh and of high grade.
Sprinkle pecans and cracker crumbs on top; cover with a double thickness of paper towels.
Shelled pecans should be kept in the refrigerator, in an air tight container.
Earl also purchase a box of pecans at the time that he bought the fruit and is not this the box in which the pecans were packed?
There was nothing to recall thepecans to my mind until you mentioned them just now, but I remember that Dr.
Earl did not know the child was in the country that I will prove to you that he sent to her city address a box of pecans which were forwarded by her mother to the country, and I will offer in evidence the box in which they were sent.
The better grafted varieties of the black walnut are specially well adapted for use in nut bread and can be grown in many places wherepecans and English walnuts will not succeed so well.
Northern nurserymen are now disseminating promising varieties of pecans from what has come to be known as the "Indiana district," which includes the southwestern part of that state, northwestern Kentucky and southwestern Illinois.
A few fine walnuts, pecansor hickories, or rows of chinquapins and hazels would add profit as well as beauty to these waste and unsightly places found on most farms.
Now I have some handsome pecans and Persian walnuts and Japanese walnuts, and this year I get my first dividends from a tree five years old.
On our lawns and about our door yards we could plant to advantage the Japanese walnut and the hardier types of pecans and Persian walnuts.
The commercial propagation of northern varieties of pecans began less than ten years ago; the first attempts were not generally successful, and as a result there are no budded or grafted trees of northern varieties yet of bearing age.
The American Nut Journal has given crop and market conditions of southern pecans and California walnuts and almonds; and, in peace times, of foreign nut crops.
We could then put in specimen trees of the hickory and pecans with groups of filberts, dotted here and there with plantings of nut bearing pines.
Cut some sponge cake or pound cake into little squares, dip into melted maple fondant, and decorate the top with halved walnuts, pecans or almonds.
Peanuts, walnuts, pecans or any kind of nuts can be used for this candy.
Chop up a half cupful each of almonds, pecans and walnuts and mix with enough fondant to make it of the right consistency to mold into bonbon shape with the hands.
Almonds, walnuts, hazelnuts, pecans and peanuts can be used for dipping.
From the replies received it has been in a number of instances difficult to judge just how well pecans grow in some sections.
BIXBY: That could be done in a very general way, but altitude makes such a difference that there would be many places included in any belt at which, probably, certain pecans would not grow nor would not mature.
Observations on northern pecans (and some southern ones) on my place at Baldwin caused me to note that no pecans started to vegetate at Baldwin before May.
There is one Major there that has this summer fifty pecans on it; another one there with perhaps a dozen.
A map was shown on which these areas were marked out, and it has been very useful to the writer in answering inquiries from persons who want to know if pecans can be grown in a given section.
If we assume a place where the heat units are 80 per cent of those at Burlington, those pecans should grow and mature there.
Regarding the Burlington and the Witte pecans, they come from the most northern section where good pecans have been found, where the heat units are the lowest.
There is some question as to how well pecansshould bear at Gettysburg, and Lancaster, Penn.
I am extensively interested in the culture of paper shell pecans in Georgia.
To reduce this to a percentage we find that many of the standard southern pecans grow and bear well when the pecan units are as low as 79% of those of the place of their origin.
This clearly shows that some of the standard southern pecans require something which they do not get at Aspers to enable them to properly mature their nuts.
It was about five years ago, at a time when this State had been flooded with literature from this nursery and other nurseries about particularly pecans and chestnuts.
JONES: I would like to ask if the pecans that were tender were northern or southern pecans.
The northern pecans are generally smaller than the southern, have lighter colored shell and lighter colored kernel, flavor every bit as good, and shell just as thin.
These pecans are judged by the same score cards as are the northern pecans which is the one used for hickories.
The finest flavored among the northern pecans is Dunn No.
Upon receiving this lot of nuts, Mr. Corsan was astonished at their large size, as he expected that pecans from the northern limit of the pecan to be of small size.
The finest flavored among the southernpecans is the Schley.
We may assume that several of the other species of hickory adapted to growing in the north, will equal pecans in importance, eventually.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "pecans" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
