Whatever difference of opinion there may be in regard to the theories of osmotic and permeability variations, we have the indubitable fact of diminution of turgor and contractile fall of the pulvinus of Mimosa under excitation.
With regard to the fall of turgor, it is not definitely known whether excitation causes a sudden diminution in the osmotic strength of the cell-sap or an increase in the permeability of the ectoplast to the osmotic constituents of the cell.
It is a remarkable fact that plasmolytic research (Hilburg 1881) affords no evidence of any decrease in osmotic pressure.
Blackman and Paine think that the loss of turgor on excitation “is probably due to the disappearance or inactivation of a considerable portion of the osmotic substances of the cells.
Regulating the body processes, maintaining the proper alkalinity and acidity of the various fluids throughout the body, regulating the proper degree of temperature, and determining the osmotic pressure, etc.
All possible factors may play a part, such asosmotic pressure, permeability of the protoplasm, the degree of concentration of the various chemical substances, etc.
Van't Hoff and Arrhenius showed that for comparable concentrations the osmotic pressure of a solution is exactly equal to the pressure of a gas.
This shows a talent force in concentrated solutions which is now known asosmotic pressure.
Moreover it is significant to note that a highly oxydised body may develop much osmotic energy, as well as a highly combustible one.
Researches on the influences of temperature on assimilation and other functions point to the same conclusion; and Pfeffer and Rodemann definitely state that heat is converted into work in the osmotic cells.
Our knowledge of them has been rendered very much more intimate by the researches of Pfeffer and De Vries on osmotic and plasmolytic phenomena, and they serve as an excellent study of some of the best results of modern physiology.
Sachs, Nobbe, and others, will understand what an illuminating effect on these points was produced by the above generalisation, which we owe especially to Pfeffer's splendid researches into the nature of osmotic phenomena.
The interior of the tube is filled with cell-sap, and it is the osmotic pressure of this cell-sap which keeps the whole living instrument tense and rigid, and the thin protoplasmic film close pressed against the cellulose cell-wall.
Osmosis takes place when two fluids of different osmoticpressure are separated by animal membrane.
It has a variet of uses, notably as a sugar substitute for diabetics, and to improve the shelf-life of candy, as an osmotic agent, and as an excipient in pharmaceutical preparations.
Then, we may also ask, what is the mechanism of the process by which osmotic pressure reveals itself, especially in the case of cells with semipermeable membranes.
The experimental results given have been obtained by direct measurements of osmotic pressures with the aid of semipermeable membranes.
Morse's more recent and more exact results show, that the osmotic pressure of solutions of cane sugar and of glucose (corrected for the volume occupied by the sugar, see footnote, p.
It is therefore natural to look for the cause of osmotic pressure in kinetic phenomena and not in attractions.
The following measurements of osmotic pressures may be given:[246] Osmotic Substance.
The poisonous action proceeds from the roots, of which the protoplasm is disorganised and the osmotic action hindered.
The amount of fluid movement also is further determined by osmotic actions and by the permeability of the capillary wall.
When a solution of lowerosmotic pressure than the blood is injected the osmotic pressure of the blood falls temporarily below that of the tissues, and water is therefore attracted to the tissues.
We may also conclude that the main cause of the exchange, and possibly the only one, is the osmotic action set up by the solution injected, and that muscle tissue is particularly active in the process.
The real cellular growth which proceeds on the basis of assimilation cannot, of course, be accounted for by osmotic events, not even in its most general type.
Primary Regulations in the Transport of Materials and Certain Phenomena of Osmotic Pressure.
They were found to regulate their osmotic pressure not by taking in the salts themselves, but by raising the osmotic pressure of their own cell sap, producing a certain amount of osmotically active substances, probably carbohydrates.
There are many regulation phenomena connected with osmotic pressure and permeability in animal physiology also, though at present they are not worked out as fully as possible.
The phenomena of osmotic pressure and its regulation may be said to be the preliminaries of metabolism proper, conditions necessary for it to take place.
There are other physical phenomena too, which assist morphogenesis; osmotic pressure for instance, which is also well known to operate in many purely physiological processes.
While studying osmotic action, Graham was led to one of his most important generalizations--the recognition of the crystalline and amorphous states as fundamental distinctions in chemistry.
Defn: Pertaining to, or having the property of, osmose; as, osmotic force.
Physics) Defn: An instrument for measuring the amount of osmotic action in different liquids.
Physics) Defn: An instrument for recording the height of the liquid in an endosmometer or for registering osmotic pressures.
It seems likely, however, that the solution transuded through the walls generally, penetrating the chalcedonic layers, as Heddle maintained, by osmotic action.
They are stirred twice a day, and through the osmotic action of the salt, a dark-colored juice is exuded which contains, among other constituents, the substance causing the bitterness.
The brine is used very weak at the start and gradually increased so that the osmotic action may be so controlled as not to cause the fruit to shrivel as it would if placed in a strong solution at the start.
In some respects perhaps the best models of living organisms yet made are the "osmotic growths" produced by Leduc.
This is what is called osmotic pressure, and it is this pressure that forces the absorbed liquid through the roots and part way up the trunk of even the tallest trees.
Sometimes this osmotic pressure, particularly during rainy weather, becomes so great as to cause injury to the plant, the splitting of tomatoes and occasionally of plums, being due to it.
For the spore must take in water from the soil, which by osmotic pressure finally bursts it open.
What the combined osmotic pressure and leaf pull must be to carry such a heavy thing as water to such a great height is easier to imagine than to calculate.
Osmotic pressure, a never-ending pump, keeps sending up a steady stream of water to the limits of its power.
What may not the accumulated osmotic pressure amount to in such a one-sided process as goes on in root hairs with everything coming in and nothing going out.
This osmotic pressure, together with the extra pull given by the leaves, is sufficient to account for the rise of water to the tops of the tallest trees.
This is effected by the osmotic pressure of the internal cell-fluid and the elasticity of the cellulose wall, which is thus expanded.
The mechanism of turgescence, which effects these swelling movements, consists in the co-operation of the osmotic pressure of the internal cell-fluid and the elasticity of the strained cell-membrane enclosing the cytoplasm.
Mechanical, static, and osmotic processes occur in the organism and constitute its vital phenomena.
In both his Fat Man suits and his osmotic air conditioner, Tom had already perfected ways of drawing oxygen from sea water.
The air supply inside was kept pure by one of Tom's osmotic air conditioners which made use of the oxygen dissolved in the water.
The maximum moisture is absolutely pure water, and no organism can thrive in this alone owing to the factor of too low osmotic pressure and to the further factor of absence of food material.
In drying material in order to preserve it there are two factors involved: first, the loss of water necessary for growth and second, the increased osmotic pressure.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "osmotic" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word. Other words: bibulous; soaking; spongy; thirsty
