Thus the object of secluding women at menstruationis to neutralize the dangerous influences which are supposed to emanate from them at such times.
With the Awa-nkonde, a tribe at the northern end of Lake Nyassa, it is a rule that after her first menstruation a girl must be kept apart, with a few companions of her own sex, in a darkened house.
Nair women in Malabar seclude themselves for three days at menstruation and prepare their food in separate pots and pans.
In Yap, one of the Caroline Islands, should a girl be overtaken by her first menstruation on the public road, she may not sit down on the earth, but must beg for a coco-nut shell to put under her.
That the danger is believed to be especially great at the first menstruation appears from the unusual precautions taken to isolate girls at this crisis.
As to the customs observed at menstruation by Indian women in South America, see further A.
Among the Singhalese a girl at her first menstruation is confined to a room, where she may neither see nor be seen by any male.
It is significant that among the Baganda the first menstruation was often called a marriage, and the girl was spoken of as a bride.
A girl's first menstruation is a very critical period of her life according to A-Kamba beliefs.
At her first menstruation a Baniva girl must pass several days and nights in her hammock, almost motionless and getting nothing to eat and drink but water and a little manioc.
In the oldest existing cyclopaedia--the Natural History of Pliny--the list of dangers apprehended from menstruation is longer than any furnished by mere barbarians.
Thus young men at the feast of initiation, women during menstruation and immediately after delivery, newly born children, the deceased and especially the dead, are all taboo.
Among the Monumbos in German New Guinea a man who has killed an enemy in combat becomes 'unclean', the same word being employed which is applied to women during menstruation or confinement.
Temporary taboos attach themselves to certain conditions such as menstruation and child-bed, the status of the warrior before and after the expedition, the activities of fishing and of the chase, and similar activities.
At the first menstruation the Spokane woman must conceal herself two days in the forest; for a man to see her would be fatal; she must then be confined for twenty days longer in a separate lodge.
At her first menstruation a girl must perform a certain penance, much less severe, however, than among the northern nations.
On the Klamath, during the period of menstruation the women are banished from the village, and no man may approach them.
The year of gradual development before the onset of menstruation is by some referred to as the pre-pubertal year; and the first year after the onset of menstruation is the post-pubertal year.
When the girl reaches the age of twelve or thirteen the mother should explain to her the phenomenon of menstruation and the likelihood of its making its appearance in a short time.
The periodical regularity with which menstruationrecurs in many women is remarkable.
For instance, a woman's last menstruation occurred on April 4th; counting back three months gives you January 4th; add seven days and you get January 11th, the probable date of delivery.
The word is derived from the Latin word mensis, which means a month; and menstruation is also frequently spoken of as the menses.
In some cases sterility may be due to severe constitutional disease, when the person is very much run down and so anemic that menstruation stops.
The hygiene of menstruation can be expressed in two words: cleanliness and rest.
The usual number of days is from three to five; in some cases menstruation lasts only two days, in others as long as seven.
Nadalága ku sa idad nga katursi, I had my first menstruation at fourteen.
A2] — ang bisíta formenstruation to set in (slang).
Kusug kug dugù human kakuhái, I have been having profuse menstruation since my miscarriage.
B246; b4] for menstruationto stop suddenly before the proper time.
In April, 1908, when her menstruation stopped, she woke up, left her bed and has led a normal life since.
Some witnesses report that girls who have no opportunity of sitting down suffer much pain during menstruation and get very fatigued, but the evidence on this point was not unanimous.
When, however, the hours worked are so long as to cause extreme fatigue, excessive and painfulmenstruation frequently results.
In most of the non-textile industries reviewed, opportunities for sitting down were fairly general, and here painful or excessive menstruation was exceedingly rare.
I have found menstruation to be the very best time to curette away fungous vegetations of the endometrium, for, being swollen then by the afflux of blood, they are larger than at any other time, and can the more readily be removed.
Azara noted among the Guaranis of Paraguay that menstruation was not only slight in amount, but the periods were separated by long intervals.
Fortunately, since we are here primarily concerned with its psychological aspects, the precise biological cause and physiological nature of menstruation do not greatly concern us.
Distant, who kept a female baboon for some time, has recorded the dates of menstruation during a year.
Osterloh found a regular type of menstruation in 68 per cent, healthy women, four weeks being the most usual length of the cycle; in 21 per cent, the cycle was always irregular.
Burdach (according to Beard) was the first who described menstruation as an abortive parturition.
The only operations that I should dislike to perform during menstruation would be those involving the womb itself.
Icard has pointed out, regarded menstruation as a device of Providence for safeguarding the virginity of women.
Menstruation is no longer a monstrific state requiring spiritual taboo, but a normal physiological process, not without its psychic influences on the woman herself and on those who live with her.
Beard approaches the question from the embryological standpoint, and argues that there is what he terms an "ovulation unit" of about 23½ days, in the interval from the end of one menstruation to the beginning of the next.
There are various forms of dysmenorrhea or painful menstruationand each form has a treatment by itself.
NOTE--An experienced nurse says that prompt relief in painful menstruation may often be found by sitting upon a toilet water-jar half full or more of hot water.
Painful menstruation may be relieved by rest in bed, mental as well as physical, by hot drinks and by the application of heat.
The common practice of using patent remedies and alcoholic liquors for disordered menstruation cannot be too strongly condemned.
Quite frequently the first appearance of menstruation is followed by weeks or even months of freedom from its reappearance.
The consumption was the cause, the non-menstruation the effect.
Profuse menstruation is also a relative term, as there is no definite standard as to amount of menstrual flow, nor the length of time it should continue.
There are cases of nervous pain at menstruationthat are aggravated by heat and diminished by cold.
Menstruation is a perfectly physiological process and should be without pain.
The average age at which menstruation first appears is fourteen, but some girls menstruate as early as eleven, while others may not develop till some years later.
This extends to all the pelvic organs; the uterus and ovaries thus congested will soon manifest disease, and painful menstruation be the result.
I have known cases of painful menstruation entirely relieved by simply supporting the bowels by a bandage, thus relieving the uterus of pressure and allowing a free circulation through all the internal organs.
A full bath during menstruation would, for most people, be unadvisable, but the cleansing of the private parts is imperative.
Sometimes there are slight mechanical hindrances which can only be determined by the physician, though their presence will be indicated by the symptoms of menstruation without the accompanying sanguineous discharge.
A frequent cause of painful menstruation is found in habitual neglect of the bowels.
Hence, when menstruation is suppressed, fainting, swooning, a very low pulse, and shortness of breath will ensue.
I may, therefore, well agree with Hippocrates that if menstruationbe suppressed, many dangerous diseases will follow.
Macdonald has described the ceremonies and customs attending and following the initiation-rites of a young girl on her first menstruation among the Zulus between the Tugela and Delagoa Bay.
There must be no sexual intercourse during the whole of pregnancy, during suckling, during menstruation (and for eight days before and after), nor during the thirty days of the Ramedan fast.
In 2 of those in whom it appeared before puberty, menstruation began late; in the third it rose almost to nymphomania on the day preceding the first menstruation.
She began to menstruate at 12, was regular till 17; then got chlorotic for a few months, soon recovered, though menstruation was often irregular, but never painful.
It is no longer a question of the formation of semen in the male, of the function of menstruation in the female.
We often noticed that, when menstruation was due or nearly so, prolonged love-sports at bedtime would be followed by menstruation in the morning.
Man and Woman, chapter i, and the appendix on "The Influence of Menstruation on the Position of Women" in the first volume of these Studies.
She sought to resist this impulse as much as possible, but during menstruation it was often irresistible.
We never were separated for longer than three months, and on that occasion, menstruation being delayed, she tried what masturbation would do to determine it, and with a positive result.
At the age of 12 menstruation began; she suffered very severely from dysmenorrhea, the period sometimes lasting for ten days, and the pain being often extreme.
Menstruation has entirely ceased, without loss of femininity in either disposition or appearance.
In all essential points the menstruationor pro-estrum of the human female is identical with that of monkeys.
With Fijian women, however, menstruation often recommences at the third or fourth month after parturition, and cohabitation, even at this early stage, often results in a second pregnancy.
Among European women menstruation is rarely re-established during the period of suckling, and there is therefore no particular danger to the child in cohabitation during this period.
Menstruation is ordinarily absent, and pregnancy therefore impossible, during the whole course of nursing, at least during the first nine months.
Therefore physiologists give this definition: Menstruation is ovulation,--it is the laying of an egg.
About the tenth day after menstruation should therefore be chosen for the marriage ceremony.
It not unfrequently happens that menstruation continues with regularity during the whole period of pregnancy.
Some experienced observers maintain that an ovary is a valuable possession to any woman who menstruates, even at the age of fifty years, the persistence of menstruation being obtrusive evidence that this gland is functional.
The tendency is increased with menstruation or pregnancy, and hæmophilia is to be particularly looked for.
It is apparent, then, that prevention of these serious maladies by attention to sexual hygiene, especially to the hygiene of menstruation at the first establishment of that function, is a matter of gravest importance.
An additional fact, as stated by physiologists, is that, under normal conditions, the human female experiences sexual desire immediately after menstruation more than at any other time.
But menstruationmay occur without ovulation, and, vice versa.
Instances have also been observed in which menstruation continued as late as the sixtieth year, and even later; but such cases are very rare; and if procreation occurs, the progeny is feeble and senile.
Menstruation is not peculiar to the human female, being represented in the higher animals by what is familiarly termed the "rut.
The period of abstinence should certainly extend from the beginning of menstruation to the fourteenth day.
Again, among the Cheyennes, an Indian tribe of the Missouri valley, a girl at her first menstruation is painted red all over her body and secluded in a special little lodge for four days.
M71) Thus, to take examples, the Creek and kindred Indians of the United States compelled women at menstruation to live in separate huts at some distance from the village.
M79) Thus the object of secluding women at menstruation is to neutralize the dangerous influences which are supposed to emanate from them at such times.
A French physician had under observation a girl who when only three mouths old had well-developed breasts, and in whom only a little later the pubic and axillary hair grew and menstruation began.
He writes: "A girl in whom menstruation began at the age of one year, gave birth to a child when she was ten years old (Montgomery).
It is said that in girls of the upper classes menstruation begins on the average at an earlier age than in girls of the lower classes; and also that menstruation begins earlier in towns than in the country.
The hyperæmia and the bleeding that take place periodically during menstruation lead to certain changes in the mucous surface of the uterus.
A case was reported from New Orleans in which menstruationbegan at the age of three months and continued regularly thereafter.
After the fertilisation of the ovum, during pregnancy, that is to say, menstruation usually ceases until after the birth of the child, and often until the completion of lactation.
In the young girl, from the date of the first menstruation to the time at which she has become fitted for marriage, the average lapse of time is assumed by Ribbing[3] to be two years.
The wife at menstruation is secluded for five days in a hut a quarter of a mile from her home, which is also used by her at childbirth.
She is confined in this room, which is decorated in the manner described when speaking of the menstruation ceremony, until the third day.
When the first of all these menstruationceremonies has taken place at the house of the girl's husband, her mother brings some cakes on this last day.
In other cases there may be a discharge of blood at the first period, and none afterward for several months; in other words, menstruation may be established suddenly, intermittently, or gradually.
The purpose of menstruation is to keep the uterus in suitable condition for the reception of this product of conception at any time.
That menstruation is the result of nerve irritation, vascular congestion, and the subsequent relief of these by hemorrhagic discharges.
As consumption progresses menstruation generally ceases absolutely, never to return again; and in this case nothing should be done to try to induce a return of the flow.
Menstruation may, then, be defined as the periodic discharge of blood from the uterus, accompanied by the shedding of the epithelium of the body, as well as that of the uterine glands near their orifices.
That the removal of the appendages arrestsmenstruation by preventing the propagation of uterine influences to the center.
It has not yet been decided just in what relation the processes of ovulation and menstruation stand to each other.
The cessation of the menstrual period is the sign of the greatest value in women who have been regular; but it must always be remembered that there may be an irregularity of menstruation for the first few months after marriage.
Tilt gives the average age of the cessation of menstruation in 1082 cases as forty-five years and nine months.
The changes in the uterus and Fallopian tubes are earlier than those in the ovaries, so that ovulation, though lessened in activity, may persist for a considerable time after menstruationhas ceased.
The tough wall of the human uterus and the increased blood-pressure caused by the erect position cause the difference between menstruation in the human female and rut in the lower animals.
Special huts are maintained for women during menstruation and parturition.
In spite of averages, menstruation is occasionally continued to seventy and upward.
The question of identity may turn on the age at which menstruation ceases, as happened in an action of ejectment in the case of Doe on the demise of Clark vs.
There is likely to be no menstruation for a considerable time after delivery if the child is nursed, as is normal.
Amongst other Indian tribes of North America women at menstruation are forbidden to touch men's utensils, which would be so defiled by their touch that their subsequent use would be attended by certain misfortune.
At menstruation and childbirth a Chippeway wife may not eat with her husband; she must cook her food at a separate fire, since any one using her fire would fall ill.
Menstruation stops, the calcium salts being required for the growing embryo.
The general attitude towards such sexual crises as menstruation and pregnancy is still strongly reminiscent of the primitive belief that woman is unclean at those times.
What is commonly known as menstruation lasts only a few days, and is merely the critical period in a monthly cycle or periodicity which goes with the female sex specialization.
Bell states that there is a noticeable connection between early menstruation and short stature, and vice versa.
Primitive man had no reason to know that the phenomenon of menstruation was in any way connected with reproduction.
The period of the return of the moon, and of regular menstruation in women, is four weeks; and the terms which designate them, have been imposed from the period of time in which both are compleated.
If, therefore, the period of menstruation in an insane woman should occur at the full of the moon, and her mind should then be more violently disturbed, the recurrence of the same state may be naturally expected at the next full moon.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "menstruation" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
