Adaptations for aerial respiration are found in some of the land-crabs, where the lining membrane of the gill-chamber is beset with vascular papillae and acts as a lung.
Gills or branchiae may be developed by parts of an appendage becoming thin-walled and vascular and either expanded into a thin lamella or ramified.
These three sets of structures, with the funnel from which they rise, make up the endodermal coelenteron, or gastro-vascular system.
In the Cirripedia, however, they are vascular processes from the inner surface of the mantle or shell-fold, and in some Ostracoda they are outgrowths from the sides of the body.
The Water-vascular System is a structure common to all Echinoderms; and vessels of a comparable character are found in some worms.
The tube-feet are in connection with a system of vessels filled with fluid, known as the Water-vascular System of the Starfish.
The addition of a primitive vascular system and a pair of nephridia, or excretory organs, is first met with in the Nemertines.
The same is the case with the vascular system, notably the heart and the veins, and with the excretory organs.
The subsequent treatment must be conducted on general principles, according to the severity of the symptoms; but the great depression of the nervous and vascular systems must not be overlooked in combating any inflammatory action.
The stomach often contains a black fluid, like coffee-grounds, consisting principally of altered blood; and its sub-mucous coats are vascular and dark colored.
In botany the term is sometimes applied to the non-vascular substance, composed entirely of untransformed cells, which forms the soft substance of plants.
The dermis, or true skin, is vascular and highly sensitive, containing the tactile ends of the nerves of touch.
At the bottom of each follicle is a conical, vascular papilla, similar in every respect to those on the surface of the dermis; this papilla fits into a corresponding depression in the root of the hair.
These are of sizes varying from peas to pigeon eggs, are roundish and translucent, and surrounded by a delicate, vascular membrane.
Immediately on the repercussive action of cold being felt by the skin, the vascular system of internal parts finds itself filled with repelled blood.
The tendency of children with exudative diathesis to develop scurvy is perhaps still another manifestation of vascular weakness.
The principle of this test consists in subjecting the capillaries and venules to increased intra-vascular pressure to observe whether this strain results in the escape of blood.
The only living author suggested is Carlyle; but so much is added, the presence is so much more vascular and human, and the whole page so saturated with faith and love and democracy, that even the great Scotchman is overborne.
The microscopic examinations showed the absence of fungi or bacteria in the vascular system or other plant tissues.
The vascular bundles of affected plants were browned as in Verticillium or Fusarium wilt and in some bacterial diseases.
Portions of diseased plants with discolored vascular bundles were placed in a damp chamber and no fungus or bacterial growth developed from the vascular system.
Microscopic studies and attempts to culture a fungus from the vascular bundles of affected plants showed the absence of any fungus that might have caused, the disease.
This symptom is very similar to that produced by vascular disease fungi.
The browning in the vascular bundles appeared to be confined to the phloem tissue.
Were thevascular system a mere mechanical set of tubes and a pump, this would happen, but other factors of great importance must be taken into consideration besides the mechanical factors; viz.
They throw into the vascular system excessive fluid combined frequently with toxic products that cause eventually a condition of high arterial tension.
The veins do not always escape in the general morbid process, and when these are affected the whole condition is sometimes called vascular sclerosis or angiosclerosis.
The vascular system, however, while likened to a system of rubber tubes, must be regarded as a very live system, every subsystem having the property of separate control.
The maximum pressure necessarily falls as the periphery of the vascularsystem is approached.
The aortic valves close, and during diastole the blood is forced through the vascular system by the forcible, steady contraction of the highly elastic aorta.
The heart and the blood vessels form a closed vascular system, containing a certain amount of blood.
As a matter of fact, we know of very few organs where even profound pathologic changes in the vascular system produced during life any symptoms which could be laid to these arterial changes.
The Differentiation of Cerebral and Cardiac Types of Hyperarterial Tension inVascular Diseases, Arch.
The glomerulus arises as a vascular prominence at the root of the mesentery, slightly prior in point of time to the head-kidney, and slightly more forward than it in position.
In the interior of this body is seen a stroma with numerous vascular channels and blood corpuscles, and a vascular connection is apparently becoming established, if it is not so already, between the glomerulus and the aorta.
A middle layer of small nests, which corresponds with the middle vascular layer of the previous stage; average thickness 0.
It extends forwards so as to overlap part of the cerebrum in front, and is closely invested by a highly vascular layer of the pia mater.
It shews the vascular ingrowths amongst the original epithelial cells of the ovarian region.
The absence of a pecten, and presence of a vascular membrane between the vitreous humour and the retina.
The ingrowths of the stroma are, moreover, directed towards individual ova, around which, outside the follicular epithelium, they form a special vascular investment in the succeeding stages.
To illustrate the relation of the ovarian epithelium to the subjacent vascular stroma.
Diagram shewing the arrangement of the vessels in the vascular membrane of the vitreous humour of adult eye.
In addition to the parts of mesoblast, formed as just described, the mesoblast of the vascular area is in a large measure developed by a direct formation of cells round the nuclei of the germinal wall.
It is obvious in figure 37 that the vascular ingrowths are so arranged as imperfectly to divide the germinal epithelium into two layers separated by a space with connective tissue and blood-vessels.
The cellular Algae preceded the Vascular Cryptogams and the Gymnosperms of the Newer Palaeozoic rocks, and these were speedily followed by Monocotyledons, and, at a much later period, by Dicotyledons.
In the first four the whole plant is composed of cells, while in the last three a firm vascular skeleton is present.
Professor Rolleston, also, informs me that the incisor teeth are sometimes furnished with a vascular rim in correlation with intra-pulmonary deposition of tubercles.
Trace the history of the post-oral gill-slits and their accompanying cartilaginous bars and vascular arches in the frog, fowl, and rabbit.
These smallest and ultimate ramifications of the circulation penetrate every living part of the animal, so that if we could isolate the vascular system we should have the complete form of the rabbit in a closely-meshed network.
The cord, like the brain, is surrounded by a vascular fibrous investment, and protected from concussion by a serous fluid.
The spinal cord consists of an outer portion, mainly of nervous fibres, the white matter, and of inner, ganglionated, and more highly vascular grey matter.
Both pulmonary arteries in the rabbit are derived from the left sixth vascular arch (= fourth branchial).
There are altogether nine vascular outgrowths (demi-branchs), one on each wall of each gill slit except the last, on the hind wall of which there is none.
In what important respects does the vascular mechanism of the frog differ from that of the fish, in correlation with the presence of lungs?
A simplified diagram of the circulation of a fish is given in Figure 2, Sheet 16, and this should be carefully compared with the corresponding small figure given of the vascular system of our other types.
The first two, the mandibular and the hyoid vascular arches, early disappear, and are not comparable to any in the frog.
In the circulation the left fourth vascular arch (second branchial) gives rise to the aortic arch; in the right the corresponding arch disappears, except so much of it as remains as the innominate artery.
In man and most mammals it is a highly vascular organ, partly surrounding the base of the larynx and the upper part of the trachea.
Defn: A very vascular superficial opacity of the cornea, usually caused by granulation of the eyelids.
Defn: Pertaining to the vascular system of annelids.
Defn: A superficial growth of vasculartissue radiating in a fanlike manner from the cornea over the surface of the eye.
Defn: Having minute thin spots; as, pitted ducts in the vascular parts of vegetable tissue.
A vascular pigmented membrane projecting into the vitreous humor within the globe of the eye in birds, and in many reptiles and fishes; -- also called marsupium.
A tissue or part resembling pulp; especially, the soft, highlyvascular and sensitive tissue which fills the central cavity, called the pulp cavity, of teeth.
Defn: One of the minute papillary processes on certain vascular membranes; a villosity; as, villi cover the lining of the small intestines of many animals and serve to increase the absorbing surface.
Defn: A peculiar glandlike but ductless organ found near the stomach or intestine of most vertebrates and connected with the vascular system; the milt.
Defn: The vascular appendage which connects the fetus with the parent, and is cast off in parturition with the afterbirth.
Defn: The delicate and highly vascular membrane immediately investing the brain and spinal cord.
Defn: The vascularbody which forms the apex of the penis, and the extremity of the clitoris.
The root shows a central fibro-vascular cylinder surrounded by a dark-colored ground tissue.
Surrounding this is a ring of fibro-vascular bundles (L, fb.
A microscopical examination of the tissues of the plant shows them to be comparatively simple, this being especially the case with the fibro-vascular system.
A longitudinal section of either the stem or leaf stalk shows that all the cells are decidedly elongated, especially those of the fibro-vascular bundle.
The petals do not appear until the other parts of the flower have reached some size, and the first tracheary tissue appears in the fibro-vascular bundle of the flower stalk (D).
Each leaf is traversed by two fibro-vascular bundles of entirely different structure from those of the ferns.
Within the epidermis is a mass of ground tissue of firm, woody texture surrounding the central oval or circular fibro-vascular cylinder.
Outside of the ring of fibro-vascular bundles is the green ground tissue and epidermis.
The stem is traversed by a central fibro-vascular cylinder that separates easily from the surrounding tissue, owing to the rupture of the cells of the bundle sheath, this being particularly frequent in dried specimens.
Rapid alternations of hot and cold water have a powerful effect in vascular stasis and lethargy of the nervous system and absorbents, yielding valuable results in local congestions and chronic inflammations.
At present 435 species of phanerogams and vascular cryptogams are known; the lower orders have been little investigated.
It determines the blood to the surface, reducing internal congestions, is a potent diaphoretic, and, through the extremes of heat and cold, is an effective nervous and vascular stimulant and tonic.
On its roof the pia mater forms a very vascular choroid plexus.
Muscular System andVascular System (part) of Xenopus and Rana.
With a second specimen revise the second, third, and fourth days' work, paying particular attention to the vascular system.
It is covered by the choroid plexus, a thick vascular membrane, and gives rise dorsally to the stalk of the pineal body.
These organs for conducting water pass through the entire body of the vascular plant in the shape of long tubes, formed by the combination of rows of cells; the cells themselves die off, and their plasma content disappears.
The secondary tissues are a later development from these; they form conducting and vascular fibres and other highly differentiated forms of tissue (cambium, wood, etc.
This is also the case with the mosses (bryophyta), which have no vascular fibres; they lie between the two chief groups of the non-vascular thallophyta and the vascular cormophyta.
In these thallophyta there are none of the conducting or vascular fibres, the formation of which is of great importance in the higher plants in connection with their physiological function of circulation of the sap.
The most important later acquisition which distinguishes both groups from the lower cell-plants is the possession of vascular or conducting fibres.
Finally, many of the vascular plants have special glands that serve for secretion (of oil, resin, etc.
These more advanced vascular plants comprehend the two great groups of ferns (pteridophyta) and flowering plants (anthophyta, or phanerogams).
The medullary sheath consists of vascular tissue; and the wood, of wood-cells traversed longitudinally by bundles of vascular tissue and ducts, the latter being larger and more distinct towards its outer boundary.
A section of the rhizome exhibits the fibro-vascular tissue arranged differently from that in the stems of either Exogens or Endogens.
What are the details of the vascular mechanism by which each and every tissue is for ever bathed with fresh blood, and how is that working delicately adapted to all the varied changes of the body?
On the internal surface of the sclerotic is a vascularmembrane called the choroid.
When feathers have reached their full growth they become dry, and only the tube, or the vascular substance which it contains, continues to absorb moisture or fat.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "vascular" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
