After careful consideration of the possible use of steam turbinesas prime-movers to drive the alternators, the company's engineers decided in favor of reciprocating engines.
They are of the multiple expansion parallel flow type, consisting of two turbines arranged tandem compound.
Turbines can be made to revolve about either vertical or horizontal axes.
How many cubic feet of water passed through the turbineseach second?
The great dam was anchored to the rock face on that side, and it was there that the chutes and wells for the turbines were located, as well as the spill gates which now were in temporary service.
Soon after the bugle had sounded Retreat each evening the raw little settlement became silent, save for the unending requiem to hope which the great waters chafing through the turbines continually moaned.
This means that two turbines have to be coupled together, one with the blades so set that the steam drives it round correctly to produce motion ahead and the other set the opposite way so that it drives the vessel astern.
All revolving or reciprocating parts are for this reason carefully balanced and in turbines the whole moving part, since it is round and symmetrical, naturally approaches a condition of perfect balance.
In condensing turbine engines of the larger size an expansion ratio in the turbines of one hundredfold and upward is attained before the steam passes to the exhaust pipe and condenser.
In the first examples of the engine there were two groups of turbines right-and left-handed on each side of the steam inlet, the exhaust taking place at each end of the turbine case, so as to completely balance end pressure from the steam.
When the turbinesare installed I shall go and live in them.
My dear fellows, turbines are good for fifteen hundred revolutions a minute--and with our power we can drive 'em at full speed.
Yes, four good turbines and a neat brick penstock--eh?
A series of turbines are set one after the other on the same axis, so that each takes steam from the preceding one, and passes it on to the next.
It is gravity that makes water fall in cataracts or flow down a river bed, and hence it is the force of gravity that is responsible for the turning of ourturbines and Pelton wheels.
A more attractive system of control is to have the turbines drive electric generators and then use the electric power to drive the propellers through motors mounted on the propeller shafts.
In marked contrast to the installation at Big Creek, it is volume rather than velocity that is employed, and hence turbines rather than Pelton wheels are used.
To reverse the propellers separate low-power turbines are used.
Steam turbines are particularly adapted for use in electric power plants.
Such nozzles are used in the De Laval turbines and the steam issues from them with a velocity which may be higher than that of a rifle bullet.
In turbines the steam is used to better advantage and the actual power delivered may run up to 20 per cent of that in the fuel.
He proposes to build concrete dikes across the channel at the Straits of Calais inclosing a large basin about twenty miles wide and turbines would be operated by the flow of water into and out of this basin.
They resemble the Pelton wheels and turbines used in developing water power, differing from them mainly in the fact that use is made of the expansive energy of steam which is lacking in water.
He was the oldest turbine wheel manufacturer living, having been actually engaged in the manufacture of turbines since 1856.
Farmville Mill Company two 54 inch new improved Standard turbines to displace the two old wheels.
Thousands of Standard turbines are to-day working and giving the best satisfaction, and we venture to say that not one of the Standard turbines has been displaced by any other make of turbine, which gave better results for the water used.
Here I saw huge turbines and engines of monstrous shape in course of construction; I beheld mighty propellers, with boilers and furnaces big as houses, whose proportions were eloquent of the colossal ships that were to be.
There are two of them in the basin yonder having their engines fitted, turbines to give rat-tat-tat horse power.
In some of these power-houses turbines and dynamoes are already placed.
I set down the minimum expense that must be incurred, and also submitted an estimate covering the cost of turbines and new machinery, which I admit was large in the bulk, but really the most economical thing to do.
The principal defect of most turbines with complete admission is the imperfection of the arrangements for working with less than the normal supply.
When turbines are used to drive dynamos direct, the question of speed regulation is of great importance.
Hence broadly reaction turbines are better and less costly on low falls, and impulse turbines on high falls.
There are also mixed flowturbines in which the water enters normally and is discharged parallel to the axis of rotation.
If the tail water rises and drowns the turbine they become pressure turbines with a small clearance pressure, but the efficiency is not much affected.
In outward flow turbines the general direction of flow is away from the axis, and in inward flow turbines towards the axis.
In pressure turbines the wheel passages must be continuously filled with water for good efficiency, and the wheel may be and generally is placed below the tail water level.
Neglecting disk friction, journal friction, and leakage, the efficiency of the pump can be found in the same way as that of turbines (S 186).
It is different with water turbines using a fluid of great inertia.
In the second power house the turbines are inward flow turbines with draft tubes or suction pipes.
Turbines are wheels, generally of small size compared with water wheels, driven chiefly by the impulse of the water.
Reaction turbines can be constructed so as to overcome this difficulty to a great extent.
Parallel flow or axial flow turbines have the wheel as in C.
For radial flow turbines the wheel may have the form A or B, fig.
For variable water flow impulseturbines have some advantage, being more efficiently regulated.
It came free and a slight buzzing sound was heard above the whine of the turbines and the thud of the seas against Alaska's bow.
However, at the Andine Monastery of the Cross of the Snows, Don Ernesto, you will remember that we built a sending station by utilizing the water power in the falls and the turbines of the power plant.
The monastery had its own electric light and power plant, turbines utilizing the power generated by a nearby waterfall in the mountains.
Then the turbinesunderneath spun with prodigious rapidity, while the great wings beat with steady regularity.
This consisted of two "Parsons" turbines placed on either side of the keel.
The swishing rasp of the great stones and the steady rumble of turbines brought him a sense of comfort.
Below the power house the white water raced away from the turbines and down the tail race, like a living thing, to lose itself in the placid bosom of the river.
That, Dick knew, was the sluice, or pipe-line, which carried the water under pressure into the power house for turning the turbines that drove the generators.
If for some reason the turbines or dynamos were damaged badly and the plant had to shut down for a few days, would they close the water-gate leading from the dam through the pipe-line?
At best, however, it was found that the vacuum could not be made to exceed 24 inches, and during the peak, with the two turbines running, the vacuum would often drop to 12 inches.
The later turbines are provided with an improved form of governor operating on the same principle, but embodying several important features.
Preparing the Turbine for Testing All preliminary labors connected with a test being satisfactorily disposed of, it only remains to place the turbines under the required conditions, and to then proceed with the test.
On turbines running at 1800 revolutions per minute or under, a split babbitted bearing is used, as shown in Figs.
The same method can be applied to individual turbines pumping their own oil from a tank in the bedplate; the return oil, as previously described, being temporarily prevented from running back to the supply.
The valves of these turbines are all set during the shop test and the rods trammed with an 8-inch tram.
For turbines built to be run non-condensing, the part relating to vacuum does not, of course, apply.
Consequently, in the case of turbines equipped with barometric or jet condensers, it is often thought sufficient to rely upon the measurement taken of the boiler feed, and the boiler's initial and final contents.
The above refers particularly to Allis-Chalmers turbines of the type ordinarily used for power service.
But at last, under the direction of the Commander, the engineers get the turbines working again.
The turbines stopped at the moment the lights went out.
Her turbines turning at better than trial speed limit, the "Logan" roared on her way like an angry bulldog with the speed of a grayhound.
The turbines are doing every ounce of work that is in them," said Lieutenant Fernald, in a low voice.
Illustration: One of the low-pressure turbines of the Carmania, in casing.
In action turbines steam is led through fixed nozzles or steam-ways, and the momentum of the steam is brought to bear on the surfaces of movable bodies connected with the shaft.
It therefore becomes necessary to fit special astern turbines to one or more of the screw shafts, for use when the ship has to be stopped or moved astern.
Under ordinary conditions these turbines revolve idly in their cases.
Some water-turbines work on much the same principle as the Parsons steam-turbine; others resemble the De Laval.
The cabin was filling with a steady throbbing, the raging of the jet turbinesunderneath them.
As he made his way up the stairs to the main deck the turbines roared up from the moon, out into space.
At the sound of the turbines he walked quickly around the ship to the other side.
He had traded in the old dying body, withered and frail, for this hulking frame of metal and plastic, turbines and rocket jets.
The turbines of the ship were beginning to rumble, shaking the ground under them with a deep vibration.
The turbines gasped and roared as the ship swung full around, gaining speed.
The combination of gas engines and steam turbines in a single plant promises improved efficiency whilst removing the objection to the gas engine, namely, its inability to carry heavy overloads.
Toothed wheels, conveyors, propellers and turbines all so curved as to move with utmost freedom 65 VII.
Of direct action turbines the De Laval is the chief; of compound turbines, in which the steam is expanded in successive stages, the first and most widely adopted was invented by the Hon.
The importance of accurate and easy-running gears increases steadily; they are, for example, applied to steam turbineswhose velocity must be reduced in the actuation of ordinary machines.
Many turbines actuated by water, steam or gas, are best operated at speeds forbidden to common steel, which would fly to pieces under the centrifugal stress exerted, yet these speeds are quite feasible and safe when nickel steel is employed.
In steam-turbines one and the same shaft carries the steam-vanes and the armature of an electrical generator.
De Laval by using the most tenacious metals for his turbines is able to give their swiftest parts a speed of as much as 1400 feet a second.
Toothed wheels, conveyors, propellers and turbines all so curved as to move with utmost freedom.
This plan has been adopted at Niagara Falls for the gigantic turbines there erected, among the most powerful in the world.
Now that steam turbines are scoring a success both on land and sea the contouring of their vanes with extreme nicety is an important problem of the engineer.
That done, with a success approaching the effectiveness of Diesel’s oil motor, we may expect steam engines and turbines to be largely dismissed from service.
It is only during the past few years that turbines and superheating, having long been practically discarded, show encouraging signs of revival.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "turbines" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
