The second lesser rise, called the carotid wave, is believed to be due to the impact of the sudden expansion of the carotid artery.
The tracing of the carotid and radial shows the activity of the left side of the heart.
The internal carotid artery ascends through the carotid canal in the temporal bone into the cranial cavity.
From the arch of the aorta rise two symmetrical innominates, each of which divides later into a carotid and subclavian.
In the central part of the carotid arch the vessel breaks up into a plexus, for a short distance forming the so-called carotid gland, which has an important effect upon the adult circulation of the Amphibia.
The fourth arch becomes the arch of the adult aorta, between the origins of the left carotid and left subclavian, on the left side, and the first part of the right subclavian artery on the right.
The carotid arteries supply the two sides of the head and neck; the subclavian arteries the two upper extremities.
The commonest arrangement of the great branches of the aortic arch in Mammals is that in which the innominate and left carotid arise by a single short trunk, while the left subclavian comes off later; this is also Man's commonest abnormality.
The innominate artery is the largest and passes upward and to the right, to the root of the neck, where it divides into the right commoncarotid and the right subclavian.
The common carotid artery runs up the neck by the side of the windpipe, and on a level with the upper border of the thyroid cartilage divides into the internal and external carotid arteries.
But such a measure as the compression of the carotid in trigeminal neuralgia is of very doubtful propriety; I suspect the consequent anaemiation of the brain more than does away with any benefit that might be mechanically produced.
Maurer places the carotid gland, so that, if he is right, the origin of the carotid gland {428}might be expected to help in the elucidation of the origin of the thymus.
The carotid gland is, according to him, the foremost of the suprarenal masses in the Elasmobranchs, viz.
The origin of the carotid gland has been investigated recently by Kohn, who finds that it is associated with the sympathetic nervous system in the same way as the suprarenals.
As he possessed the privilege of making experiments on the deer in Richmond Park, he in July of that year had a buck there caught and thrown, and tied one of its external carotid arteries.
An ounce and a half of mercury, mixed with water, was injected into the left carotid artery of a sheep.
Many of the branches of the left carotid artery also contained some mercury, which had not penetrated to the capillary system.
The body slowly grew cold; the pulse disappeared from the femoral and carotid arteries, and diminished in the aorta.
I then took blood from three other mongooses, by tying a carotid without killing the animals.
He could easily have managed it,” said the surgeon, in rather a jocular strain, “had he been acquainted with the situation of the carotid artery.
On examining the head, small osseous excrescences were found near the carotid foramen.
Instead of improving, the symptoms of his disease became more apparent; and one morning he was found dead on the floor of his dressing-room, having with a penknife effectually divided the carotid artery.
He wounded the carotid artery, and died in a few minutes.
A trial of this method upon the carotid artery of a horse having proved perfectly successful, he applied it in a case of aneurysm in the human subject; and here again the immediate results were all that could be desired.
Catgut, which is prepared from one of the constituents of the small intestine of the sheep, after steeping in a solution of carbolic acid, was used in a preliminary trial upon the carotid artery of a calf.
The common carotid was divided and for five minutes there was profuse hemorrhage which, however, strange to say, spontaneously ceased.
Carnochan reports a case in which hypertrophy of the tongue was reduced to nearly the normal size by first tying the external carotid, and six weeks later the common carotid artery.
Nelaton describes an instance in which the point of an umbrella wounded the cavernous sinus and internal carotid artery of the opposite side, causing the formation of an arteriovenous aneurysm which ultimately burst, and death ensued.
He had no pulse at the right wrist, and Pye-Smith was unable to feel either the temporal or carotid beats on the right side, although these vessels were felt pulsating on the left side.
Warren has extirpated one lobe of the thyroid after preliminary ligation of the common carotid on the same side.
In this instance, after digital compression, ligature of the common carotid was practiced as a last resort.
The internal carotid artery was wounded in one-half of its circumference at its bend, just before it passes up between the anterior clinoid process and the optic nerve.
The wound was at once opened and blood found oozing from the distal extremities of the carotid artery and jugular vein, which were promptly clamped.
Lewtas reports a case of ligation of the innominate and carotid arteries for traumatic aneurysm (likely a hematoma due to a gunshot injury of the subclavian artery).
Clamp-forceps were immediately applied to the cut vessels and one on each side the aperture in the common carotid from which a small spurt of blood, certainly not half a teaspoonful, came out.
At that time a slight bubbling thrill could be felt at the upper part of the tumour, also slight pulsation in the line of the external carotid and at the most posterior part of the sac.
The carotid was exposed at the upper border of the omo-hyoid, only a small amount of infiltration having occurred in the vascular cleft.
It now appears that, at any rate, the root of the rightcarotid is the artery implicated.
After ligation of the carotid the condition was possibly worse, and this needs mention as transitory loss of power in the left upper extremity also followed the operation.
The actual swelling is somewhat remarkable in outline, on the one hand following up the course of the external carotid and facial arteries, and on the other extending backwards in the line of the wound track towards the exit.
In the case of the carotid aneurisms, especially that probably on the internal carotid, transient faintness was a symptom in the early stages of the case.
Against this, however, certain objections may be at once raised; thus in many cases both artery and vein need ligature, a consideration of much importance in the case of such vessels as the carotid and femoral arteries.
The common carotid artery was tied for secondary hæmorrhage (Mr. Jameson) some three weeks later.
No operation was done for him in South Africa, but the first portion of the carotid might have been ligatured in the episternal notch, or by aid of removal of a part of the sternum, and a second ligature placed above the sac.
As I was examining the President's wound, I felt for a carotid pulse and felt none.
The cardiac massage was successful in maintaining carotid and radial pulses, but the patient's state rapidly deteriorated and at approximately 1 o'clock he was pronounced dead.
Wounds of the neck are often dangerous, and they may be rapidly fatal if they divide the main vessels, especially the carotid arteries.
Tardieu says that the injury to the carotid is rare and therefore unimportant.
He concluded that compression of the carotid arteries, if it produces obliteration, can cause rapid loss of consciousness and death; and explains why in incomplete suicide the subject is unable to help himself.
We have already seen, too, that after wounds of the carotid artery the victim may preserve the power of locomotion for a short time, but not the power of struggling.
Thus, too, a wound of the branches of the external carotid artery is often enough to cause death, and a wound in a vascular part may cause death from hemorrhage, though no vessel of any size be divided.
He had not seen the elongation of the neck described nor the erection of the penis, nor subconjunctival ecchymoses, nor fracture of larynx, nor rupture of walls of carotid artery, nor subpleural ecchymoses, nor fracture of vertebra.
Tourdes is quoted by Vibert[623] as citing the case of a man who descended a flight of stairs and took several steps after division of the carotid artery; also of one who lived ten minutes after a bullet-wound of the inferior vena-cava.
The phrenic and other respiratory nerves are likely to be paralyzed; the vertebral and carotidarteries may be ruptured.
In such wounds of the carotid the voice may be lost, as the trachea is often divided.
Pellier reports 4 cases of rupture of carotid in a total of 23.
Two years ago I began a series of experiments on epileptics and maniacs, which involved the application of protracted pressure to the common carotid artery on both sides.
The other instrument, which I have designated as the "carotid truss," for lack of a better name, is a circular spring provided with adjustable pads at each extremity.
The spring is placed about the neck of the patient, and by suitable appliances the pads at the extremities can be placed directly above the trunks of the two common carotid arteries.
The throb of the two carotid arteries may be plainly felt by pressing the thumb and finger backwards on each side of the larynx.
Showing the Carotid Artery and Jugular Vein on the Right Side, with Some of their Main Branches.
These are the two carotid arteries, which run up on each side of the neck to the head, and the two subclavian arteries, which pass beneath the collar bone to the arms.
Anteriorly it is in close relationship with the carotid canal, whilst below it lies the dome of the jugular fossa.
Beneath this fascia is the carotid sheath, which encloses not only the carotid artery but the internal jugular vein and the vagus nerve.
Injury to the internalcarotid or bulb of the jugular vein.
Also, if the operator be careless or inexperienced, he may injure the carotid artery or vagus nerve; in the former case the only thing to do is to ligature the artery above and below the wound.
The carotid sheath should be opened about this point, and the position of the vein ascertained by feeling the pulsations of the carotid artery.
Lying immediately behind the vein is the vagus nerve; the spinal accessory passes downwards and outwards behind it, and the glosso-pharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves forwards between the vein and the internal carotid artery.
This was a case in which thecarotid had been tied, and death occurred from hemiplegia five days after the operation.
A large, well-nourished rabbit was killed by severing the carotid artery and the blood collected and defibrinated.
The carcass of an ox was preserved, in France, for two years from putrefaction by injecting four pounds of saline mixture into the carotid artery.
It comprehended one of the parotid glands, and I had to divide the trunk of the carotid artery and jugular vein.
In addition the presence of the wound indicated to me there was possibly an underlaying wound to the neck muscles in the neck, the carotid artery or the jugular vein.
Giesecke who informed us we were obtaining a satisfactory carotid pulse in the neck, and someone whose name I do not know at this time, said they could also feel a femoral pulse in the leg.
The operative procedure which I performed was restricted to securing an adequate airway and insuring there was no injury to the carotid artery or jugular vein at that level and at that point I made the procedure.
I began to massage the heart, to maintain it as we infused the blood and was able to obtain a palpable pulse in the carotid vessels going to the neck and into the head.
Using this, and fluids and airway we were able to maintain fairly good color, apparently fairly good peripheral circulation as monitored by carotid and radial pulses for a period of time.
By a professional killer; the larynx has been cut above the glottis, and with the same stroke the two carotid arteries, with the jugular veins.
A part of these vital spirits mounted with the blood into the carotid arteries.
The thoracic artery arises from the vessel next to the apex of the costal process, hence from the subclavian, between the axillary and carotid arteries.
The right and left innominate arteries arise from the aortic trunk and give rise to the common carotid (14) and subclavian (1) arteries.
The right and left innominate or brachiocephalic arteries arise from the aortic trunk and give rise to the common carotid arteries (14).
The breathing was completely suspended by the spasmodic action, and the radial and carotid pulse ceased.
French countess, in order to escape so terrible a fate, left a legacy to her medical attendant as a fee for his severance of the carotidartery in her body before it was committed to the tomb.
For embalming female subjects, if the carotid is chosen as the artery to use, it will be best to use the circular incision.
The internal jugular vein is the largest tributary vein in the body, and accompanies the carotid artery.
These leakages would not occur nearly as much by the raising of the branches off the arch of the aorta, namely the innominate, the left common carotid and the left subclavian.
The innominate is only about an inch or two in length, and divides into the right common carotid and the right subclavian arteries.
The omo-hyoid muscle, which crosses the carotid artery at its middle third, has its insertion with the hyoid bone.
The treatment then must be to get this blood from the face, so would recommend the common carotid for injection of fluid and the internal jugular vein for the removal of blood.
In obstinate cases of blood discoloration, open the common carotid arteries and internal jugular veins, inject upward in the arteries and drain from the veins, so as to wash out the vessels of the face.
It is for this reason that it is of considerable importance to embalmers, for it is just opposite this projection, on either side of the neck, that the common carotid divides into the internal and the external carotid.
The stub end of the carotid might also be used for injection, but would not advise it as in most cases we find that it would be hard to get especially if the head were cut off close to the shoulders.
Inject the best you can through one or both of the carotid arteries, and complete the injection hypodermically.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "carotid" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word. Other words: artery; capillary; vein
