The emphysematous lung will, in the same manner as the distended pleural sac, depress the diaphragm and render the thoracic muscles inoperative.
As the thoracic viscera differ in form and functional character from those of the abdomen, so we find that the arterial branches which are supplied by the aorta to each set, differ likewise in some degree.
By no effort of expiration can the animal expel all the air completely from its lungs, since by no effort of its own, can it contract thoracic space beyond the natural limit.
The thoracic viscera gravitate according to the position of the body.
In the accompanying figure, which represents the thoracic and abdominal visceral branches of the aorta taken in their entirety, this difference in their arrangement may be readily recognised.
A division of shrimplike Thoracostraca in which each of the thoraciclegs has a long fringed upper branch (exopodite) for swimming.
The third of the four pieces forming the upper part of a thoracic segment of an insect.
The second and largest of the four parts forming the upper surface of a thoracic segment of an insect.
An order of small apterous insects having an elongated body, with three pairs of thoracic and about nine pairs of abdominal legs.
This would tend to increase the development of the thoracic segments, already somewhat enlarged, in order to receive the muscles of the legs.
On the other hand, larvae which burrow in wood have strong jaws and generally somewhat weak thoracic legs; whilst those which feed on leaves have the thoracic legs more developed, but less so than the carnivorous species.
When the larvae are about half grown, the posterior angles of the two posterior thoracic segments begin to elongate.
The existence of such an apodous larva is especially striking in the Hymenoptera, in that rudiments of thoracic and abdominal appendages are present in the embryo and disappear again in the larva.
In the second larval stage the maggot-form is first assumed, although this is certainly not so well pronounced as in the Diptera or Hymenoptera, as neither the head nor the thoracic legs are so completely suppressed as in these orders.
Where is the renown of Piorry, percussionist and poet, expert alike in the resonances of the thoracic cavity and those of the rhyming vocabulary?
I saw the other day a gentleman living in Canada, who had spent seven successive winters in Egypt, with the entire relief of certain obscure thoracic symptoms which troubled him while at home.
Shell explosion (1 meter distant) kills a soldier by bursting both lungs within the intact thoracic cage.
Respiratory movements were short and rapid and of the thoracic type.
Re thoracic contusion, compare remarks of Lépine under Case 69, on Brown-Séquard epilepsy following thoracic wound.
The wound was a superficial one in the thoracic wall, under the right nipple.
The vertebral sensibility to pressure was most acute in the region of the third, fourth, and fifth thoracic vertebrae.
As the twelfth thoracic vertebra is the weakest spot in the spine, the roots of the cauda equina opposite this weak spot were probably injured.
A band of hyperalgesia corresponded with the left eleventh and twelfth thoracic segments November 12, slight reflex disorders and some degree of paresis of the legs.
Relatively longer and more slender than in the preceding genus, with the thoracic prominence more acute and the head more sharply pointed.
Comparatively slender, strongly convex on the thoracic segments and on the dorsal side of the last segments of the abdomen.
The caterpillars are small, relatively long, cylindrical, with the head quite small, the thoracic segments somewhat larger than the others, giving the anterior portion of the body a slightly humped appearance.
There is a prominentthoracic tubercle, and a double row of dorsal tubercles on the abdomen.
Somewhat slender, with the dorsal and ventral outlines straighter than in any of the preceding genera, and the dorsum very slightly elevated in the region of the thoracic segments.
The head, the thoracic legs, and the under side are black; the other legs are yellow.
The chrysalis is yellowish-brown, spotted with darker brown spots, those of the thoracic and first and second abdominal segments having the lustre of mother-of-pearl.
Head somewhat globular in appearance; the anterior portion of the first thoracic segment of the body is much smaller in diameter than the head; the body is cylindrical, tapering to a point.
The principal objection to chloroform is the fact that it induces rigidity of the thoracic muscles, which subsequently sometimes interferes with handsome setting.
The chrysalis is somewhat curved in outline, with a strongly hooked cremaster and a prominent projection on the back of the thoracic region.
At the point where the thoracic and abdominal segments unite in some species there is in addition a distinct keel-shaped eminence, and at the head the chrysalis is furnished with a short conical projection.
At the point where the abdominal and thoracicsegments unite on the dorsal side there is a deep depression, succeeded on the middle of the thorax by a rounded elevation composed of the wing-cases.
The Notonectidae breathe mostly through the thoracic spiracles; the air is conveyed to these from the tail-end, which is brought to the surface, along a kind of tunnel formed by overlapping hairs.
The alteration of the shape of the thoracic cavity is associated with the aquatic life; so at any rate the fact that it is also marked in Seals and even in the Otter seems to show.
There is one pair of inguinal and one pair of thoracic teats.
A, Side view of twelfth and thirteenth thoracic vertebrae.
The thoracic cavity of the Elephant, as may be inferred from the large number of ribs, is very large as compared with the abdominal.
The advantage is, it appears, in the increased capacity of the thoracic cavity, and the consequent greater possibilities of expansion of the lungs, which it must be remembered serve as hydrostatic as well as breathing organs.
In most cases thethoracic segments do not share in the respiratory movements of an Insect at rest.
The first four pairs of appendages are budded off from the future head, while the next three pairs form the walking legs, and are carried upon the thoracic segments.
First Thoracic Spiracle (left side), seen from the outside.
The elements of the thoracic exoskeleton are simpler in the Cockroach than in Insects of powerful flight, where adaptive changes greatly obscure the primitive arrangement.
At the time of hatching the Cockroach resembles its parent in all essentials, the wings being the only organs which are developed subsequently, not as entirely new parts, but as extensions of the lateral edges of the thoracic terga.
The middle thoracic segment may carry a pair of wings or wing-covers, and the third segment a pair of wings.
Upon this description of the spiracles of the Cockroach we have to remark that there is no occluding apparatus at all in the thoracic spiracles, which are provided with external valves.
A similar modification of the second and third thoracic gills in Prosopistoma and Bætisca brings all the functional respiratory organs under cover, and these enlarged plates resemble stiff and simple wings very closely.
The three thoracic ganglia are large (in correspondence with the important appendages of this part of the body) and united by double connectives.
Those borne by the head are converted into sensory and masticatory organs; those on the abdomen are either totally suppressed, or extremely modified, and only the thoracic limbs remain capable of aiding in locomotion.
In the thoracic spiracles the tesselated cells are grouped round regularly placed setæ (fig.
The examination of thethoracic viscera resulted as follows: The heart weighed eleven ounces.
The thoracic index shows that the Fijians are deep-chested relative tothoracic breadth as well as in absolute values.
The ventrals are thoracicwith the normal number, I, 5, of fin-rays.
The thoracic ventrals have one spine and eight rays.
In this and the preceding families of jugular fishes the ventral rays remain I, 5, as in the typical thoracic forms.
The flounders havethoracic ventrals, not jugular as in the cod.
The chief characteristics of the family are the following: The ventral fins are thoracic in position, each having one spine and five soft rays, in some cases reduced to four, but never wanting.
The ventral fin retains its thoracic insertion, and, as in the perch mackerel-like forms, it has one spine and five rays, never any more.
This trait may therefore, among thoracic fishes, be held to define the section or suborder of Berycoidei.
These fishes, most primitive of the thoracic types, were more abundant in Cretaceous and Eocene times than now.
Thoracic somites, more notably the anterior ones, with a dusky to black band in front of each uncinigerous torus and a dark spot on the dorsum mesad of the setigerous papilla.
In the type the posterior thoracic somites are twice or more as long as wide, but in some paratypes the relative length is much less.
Differing from the other species here described in having nine setigerous thoracic somites.
Most dorsalthoracic setae in each fascicle long and finely pointed with wings narrow; the ventral setae much more numerous, shorter, spatulate, with fine tip.
Anterior thoracic segments darkly pigmented both above and below, and also along both sides of tori, and most setigerous papillae and tori of succeeding regions of body also surrounded in some degree with a pigmented area.
The color in the abdominal region light fulvous, in the thoracic darker with a narrow brownish stripe along caudal border of each segment laterally and ventrally.
The ventral region of the thoracic skeleton is complex, each segment usually possessing a median sternum with paired episterna (in front) and epimera (behind).
In thethoracic form of respiration the abdominal wall is held rigid and the movement of the chest walls make up for the deficiency.
On post-mortem examination the blood is found tarry and dark, and bloody exudates may be found in the abdominal and thoracic cavities.
The posterior group, the bronchial tubes and lungs, is situated in the chest or thoracic cavity.
If the amount of effusion is large, puncture of the thoracic cavity with a trocar and cannula may be practised.
It is situated in the thoracic cavity between the lungs, and enclosed by a special fold of the pleura, the pericardial sack.
The lungs take up all of the space in the thoracic cavity not occupied by the heart, blood-vessels and oesophagus.
In thethoracic form, the symptoms are bloody discharge from the nostrils, salivation, rapid, difficult breathing and swelling in the region of the throat.
By this time his cough had much increased, and there was considerable dyspnoea, accompanied with sharp pain in the thoracic region, both in walking quickly, and when lying down.
As the carbonaceous impaction advances, the sounds become exceedingly dull over the whole thoracic region, and in many of the cases no sound whatever can be distinguished.
From his feeling of dyspnoea and thoracic oppression, his nights were almost sleepless, his extremities oedematous, usually cold and bloodless.
Most of the fishes with spines in the fins have thoracic ventrals.
The anterior rays of the dorsal and anal fins are spinous in most fishes with thoracic ventrals.
The character came with the thoracic ventrals with reduced number of rays, the ctenoid scales, the toothless maxillary, and other characters which have long persisted in their subsequent descendants.
The next great stage in evolution brings the pelvis forward, attaching it to the shoulder-girdle so that the ventral fins are now thoracic as in the perch and bass.
Such scales are possessed in general by the more specialized types of bony fishes, as the perch and bass, those with thoracicventrals and spines in the fins.
This duct is lost entirely in the adult of all or nearly all of the thoracic and jugular fishes, and in some of the abdominal forms.
When thoracic each usually, but not always, consists of one spine and five soft rays.
These appear in the Cretaceous or chalk deposits, and show various attributes of transition from the abdominal to the thoracic type of ventrals.
Thoracic choke can be treated only by means of the introduction of oils and mucilaginous drinks and the careful use of the probang.
The tumor may encroach upon the windpipe and produce difficulty in breathing, or it may produce pressure upon the vena cava or the thoracic duct, obstructing the flow of blood and lymph.
The extent of surface presented by the thoracic region, with its complete exposure at all points, explains the liability of the ribs to suffer from all the forms of external violence.
In cervical as well as in thoracic choke we must first of all endeavor to soften or lubricate the obstruction by pouring oil or mucilaginous drinks down the gullet.
The diaphragm is a muscular structure, completely separating the contents of the thoracic cavity from those of the abdominal cavity.
If it is severe, there may be an effusion filling one-fourth to one-third of the thoracic cavity in from 36 to 48 hours.
In other cases the lungs may be studded with petechiæ, with a serous exudate present in the thoracic cavity.
The thoracic cavity is divided into two lateral compartments, each containing one lung and a part of the heart.
A wound penetrating the wall of the chest admits air into the thoracic cavity outside the lung.
These tubes lead to lymphatic glands, through which the fluids pass to reach the right lymphatic vein and thoracic duct, both of which enter the venous system near the heart.
Nor, yet again, would we care to endanger the thoracic viscera by running the current from the abdomen up to the dorsal or cervical vertebræ.
On the contrary, relaxed parts, such as appear in prolapsus uteri, and in the sagging down of the diaphragm, with the thoracic and abdominal viscera, exhibit no lack of nutrition or of vital action.
They are driven by the opposite motion from the powerful voluntary center of the thoracic ganglion.
And the root of the delicate-proud exhalation, rejection, is in the thoracic ganglion.
It is the motion of cold objectivity from the thoracic ganglion.
When a child learns to walk, it learns almost entirely from the solar plexus and the lumbar ganglion, the cardiac plexus and the thoracic ganglion balancing the upper body.
The two upper nuclei are the two great nerve-centers, the cardiac plexus and the thoracic ganglion.
And near the spine, by the wall of the shoulders, the thoracic ganglion acts as the powerful voluntary center of separateness and power, in the same vertical line as the lumbar ganglion, but horizontally so different.
The upper centers, cardiac plexus and cervical plexuses, thoracic ganglion and cervical ganglia now assume positivity.
On the upper plane, the lungs and heart are controlled from the cardiac plane and the thoracic ganglion.
By the contraction of the muscles of the thorax the thoracic cavity is enlarged, and as a result air is sucked in in exactly the same way that it is sucked into a pair of bellows when expanded.
Then the contraction of another set of muscles decreases the size of the thoracic cavity, and the air is squeezed out again.
The artery lies excessively deep, and great difficulty is experienced in avoiding injury to the pleura and the thoracic duct.
The pneumogastric, phrenic, and cardiac nerves lie parallel to its course; the oesophagus and thoracic duct lie behind it, and to its inner side.
Thoracic anastomosis between internal mammary and intercostals, with branches of axillary.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "thoracic" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
