It is both phylogenetically and ontogenetically an independent secondary formation, a later accession to the primary internal ear.
To have some idea of those ancestors of our race that succeeded phylogenetically to the Moraeada, we have only to follow the further embryonic development of the morula.
Phylogenetically we must suppose that the allantois originated as a pouch-like growth from the cloaca-wall in consequence of the expansion caused by the urine accumulated in it and excreted by the kidneys.
Part of these Crossopterygii approach very closely in their chief anatomic features to the Dipneusts, and thus represent phylogenetically the transition from the Devonian Ganoids to the earliest air-breathing vertebrates.
This also applies originally to the primary muscles of the limbs, as these too belong phylogenetically to the hyposoma.
I adhere to the phylogenetically important theory that I advanced in 1876, that we have here real gastraeads, primitive survivors of the common stem-group of all the Metazoa.
This important fact justifies us in concluding, in accordance with the biogenetic law, that their ancestors also were phylogenetically developed from a similar stem-form.
It is certain that all the Platyrrhines come of one stock, and also all the Catarrhines; but the former are phylogenetically older, and must be regarded as the stem-group of the latter.
Hence Hatteria is the phylogenetically oldest of all living reptiles, an isolated survivor from the Permian period, closely resembling the common ancestor of the Amniotes.
The brain is phylogenetically older than the spinal cord, as the trunk was not developed until after the head.
It has therefore originatedphylogenetically from an ordinary cutaneous nerve, and so is of quite different origin from the optic and olfactory nerves, which both represent direct outgrowths of the brain.
In my Monograph on the Sponges (with sixty plates) I endeavoured to prove analytically that all the species of this class can be traced phylogenetically to a common stem-form (Calcolynthus).
All muscles of the pelvic limb of birds have developed phylogenetically from either the dorsal extensor muscle mass or the ventral flexor muscle mass.
The brain and other phylogenetically sheltered parts likewise give no exhausting self-protective nerve-muscular response to trauma.
But when phylogenetically strange animals meet each other, they do not understand how to conduct a fight: natural selection has not had the opportunity of teaching them.
Little by little it becomes phylogenetically more regular by individuals attaining to a more definite size and term of life, while only the germs detached from them remain viable.
Which of two alternative determinants shall develop depends sometimes on internal, sometimes on external causes, according as the specific determinant has arisen phylogenetically through the action of internal or external causes.
All that we can say in a general way concerning the complex entanglement of our sentiments and instincts is that, the most deeply rooted characters in human nature are at the same time, phylogenetically speaking, the most ancient.
Just as we can obtain by education comparatively useful individuals from comparatively defective germs, so can we more easily damage phylogenetically good germs, by evil influences during their ontogeny.
This scale corresponds to the evolution of the sense of beauty in man, ontogenetically from the child to the adult, phylogenetically from the savage to the civilized man and the art critic.
The special pleasure which is caused by the bodily and mental affinities of the sexes can be traced phylogenetically to the cell-love of the two sexual cells, or the attraction of the sperm-cell to ovum.
However, it would be just as difficult to lay down a sharp limit between the coenobia and the tissues as between the protists and the histona which possess them; the latter have been developed phylogenetically from the former.
He was phylogenetically evolved in the course of the Tertiary Period from a series of the lower primates (directly from the anthropoid apes, but earlier from the cynocephali and lemures).
These thinkers overlook the fact that this purposiveness can be traced phylogenetically to simple physical movements in the lower organisms.
The former are phylogenetically and ontogenetically older than the latter.
It is to be explained phylogenetically by inheritance from prehistoric barbarians and savages, in whom the earliest religious ideas were wholly dominated by animism and fetichism.
We must, in fact, assume that there is no sharp distinction in the lower stages of the vertebrate soul; in the older and phylogenetically more distant stages they were not yet differentiated.
Phylogenetically interpreted the ontogeny of the lungs appears however to imply that this organ was first an unpaired structure and has become secondarily paired, and that the trachea was relatively late in appearing.
If this is not the case it is necessary to admit that there are instances in which a very large portion of the alimentary canal is phylogenetically an epiblastic structure.
If these identifications are correct the barbels of fishes must bephylogenetically derived from the papillae of a suctorial disc adjoining the mouth.
In both instances the plates of bone so formed may lose the teeth or spines with which they were in the first instance covered, either by absorption in the individual, or phylogenetically by their gradually ceasing to be developed.
The muscles may arise in the embryo from amoeboid or indifferent cells, and the Hertwigs[243] hold that in many of these instances the muscles have also phylogeneticallytaken their origin from indifferent connective-tissue cells.
In his Grundzüge of 1870, Gegenbaur made the suggestion that the investing or membrane bones were derived phylogenetically from integumentary ossifications, and this was worked out in detail a few years later by O.
Thus in many mammals the mesodermal part of the allantois often appears long before the endodermal part, though this is phylogenetically older.
According to Haeckel, the origin of the generative products in the mesoderm is a heterotopic phenomenon, for he considers that they must have originated phylogenetically in one of the two primary layers, ectoderm or endoderm.
The liver, phylogenetically a very old organ, occurs in all vertebrates, for the caecal diverticulum of the intestine of amphioxus (Fig.
Phylogenetically it is a very old structure, for evidences of its existence are found in the fossil remains of some Elasmobranchs.
In any case the dorsal pancreatic bud appears to have developed in the vertebrate series before the ventral outgrowth and to be hence phylogenetically the older structure.
The thorax, or the second shell-joint, is in all these three families a secondary production, arising from the base of the cephalis; therefore the Lithobotryida must bephylogenetically derived from the Cannobotryida.
As in the latter, the abdomen is here also a later production, arising from the terminal mouth of the thorax; therefore the Pylobotryida must be derived phylogenetically from the Lithobotryida.
It is not improbable that the former originated phylogenetically from Streblonia, the latter from Streblopyle, by loss of the original spiral order of growth.
It may be derived phylogenetically either {308}from Carposphaera by prolongation of one axis, or from Cenellipsis by duplication of the fenestrated shell.
Tholocubus may be derived phylogeneticallyeither from Tholostaurus by apposition of two opposite domes on the flat sides of the cross-shell, or from Cubotholus by loss of the medullary shell.
It can be derived phylogenetically from Cenosphaera, by development of six radial spines on the surface of the simple spherical lattice-shell.
Cenotholida must be derived phylogenetically from the Coccotholida, but possibly often (or always?
Staurosphaera may be derived phylogenetically either from Cenosphaera by production of the four spines, or from Hexastylus by reduction of two opposite spines.
Therefore the Phractopeltida may be derived phylogenetically from the Diporaspida (not from the Tessaraspida).
It represents the most simple form of all Zygartida, and may be derived phylogenetically from Cyphonium simply by multiplication of the chambers of the cortical shell, growing on both poles of the main axis.
Stauraspis, as the common ancestral form of both, may be derived phylogenetically from Xiphacantha or Stauracantha, which differ only by the apophyses or branches of the apophyses not meeting.
It may be derived phylogenetically from Druppula by a ring-like constriction in the equatorial plane of the ellipsoidal cortical shell, or from Artiscus by secondary formation of a central (spherical or ellipsoidal) medullary shell.
The gonads are the most important segmental organs of the hyposoma, in the sense that they are phylogenetically the oldest.
In some of the latter, that have only recently been carefully studied, and that are phylogenetically older, the process is much simpler and clearer than is the case with the former and longer known.
But as the one has arisen phylogenetically from the other, we must assume that in the former no less than the latter the skull was originally formed from the sclerotomes of a number of (at least nine) head-somites.
This process is easily followed phylogenetically and ontogenetically.
In other groups this process proceedsphylogenetically still further, so that among the Phacopidae and in Trinucleus, behind the frontal swelling of the glabella only the last cephalic segment retains a certain independence.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "phylogenetically" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
