It is well known that many hydrocarbon vapours, such as the vapour of benzene or of naphthalene, have a highly toxic action on low organisms, and the destructive effect of acetylene on phylloxera may be akin to this action.
Illustrations afforded by the potato disease--The larch disease--The phylloxera of the vine.
The value of a species or variety for a resistant stock may be judged somewhat by the visible effect of the phylloxera on the roots of the vines.
A trial of the promising species of New World grapes showed that vines of this species were best suited for the reconstruction of French vineyards, the vines being not only resistant to the phylloxera but also vigorous and hardy.
Phylloxera had been introduced from America into France and threatened the existence of French vineyards.
Through the use of resistant stocks, phylloxera is now defied in Vinifera regions.
The life history of the phylloxera is very complex where the different forms of the insect appear and need not be entered into in detail here.
The grape-grower in regions infested with phylloxera is always under the necessity of taking advantage of the latest demonstration of practices in the use of resistant stocks.
Finally, it dawned on European vineyardists that phylloxera is not a scourge in America, its habitat, and that European vineyards might be saved by grafting Vinifera vines on the roots of immune American grapes.
While Concord is grown in the South, it is essentially a northern grape, becoming susceptible to fungi in southern climates and suffering from phylloxera in dry, warm soils.
Phylloxera does little damage to species of Vitis native to the same general region in which the pest has its habitat, but nevertheless there are some differences in resistance in American grapes.
This minute sucking insect (Phylloxera vastatrix), injures the grape by feeding on its roots.
The vine is very resistant to phylloxeraand withstands drouth well.
Phylloxera was present in the vineyard but none of the varieties seemed to suffer from this pest.
These stocks had little to recommend them except that all were vigorous, well established and all were more immune to phylloxera than the Old World varieties.
At a famous banquet he proposed the toast, "The eradication of the two phylloxeras--the phylloxera of the vine and the phylloxera of the Church.
The phylloxera was in the neighbourhood; and instead of wine we drank at dinner a more economical juice of the grape--La Parisienne, they call it.
The phylloxera has ravaged the vineyards in this neighbourhood; and in the early morning, under some chestnuts by the river, I found a party of men working with a cider-press.
The vine has been attacked by the Oidium Tuckeri, the Phylloxera vastatrix and the Peronospora viticola, which in rapid succession wrought great havoc in Italian vineyards.
Of insect enemies we have the phylloxera of bad eminence, which has so dismayed Europe.
In California, grapes of the vinifera or European species are generally cultivated; but the phylloxera is at its destructive work among them.
This is a mistake, but perhaps a natural one, as the cognac district in the Charente was almost wholly devastated in the phylloxera ravages of half a century ago.
Fortunately for us, this last-mentioned aphis does not abound in the United States; in France and other European countries, however, phylloxera has occasioned the loss of millions of dollars.
The cow of the yellow ant should not be confounded with her harmful cousin, Phylloxera vastatrix, the deadliest enemy of the grape.
From October to April the Phylloxera hybernate, or rather, such of them do as have laid no eggs during the period of their active existence, for the egg-laying females die, and young phylloxerae only are preserved during the winter months.
A full-grown Phylloxera vastatrix does not exceed more than the 33rd or 40th of an inch in length.
It is vaulted and groined, and the old vats and casks heaped up in it show that it was long used for wine-making, before the phylloxera destroyed the vineyards that once covered the sides of the stony hills.
For centuries a rich wine had flowed from these slopes, but at length the phylloxera spread over them like flame, and now where the vine is dead the wild-flower blooms.
It was a vin du pays, this district having been less tried by the phylloxera than others farther south and west.
In the case of Chermes and Phylloxera the parthenogenetic generations lay their eggs in the normal way.
The complete history of Phylloxera quercus has been worked out by Balbiani (No.
While it is very resistant to phylloxera and also to mildew and black-rot, its leaves are said to be much attacked by leaf-rollers.
The immunity of Clinton to phylloxera led to its being planted very largely in France some years ago but it has now been discarded for better direct producers in that country.
The roots are hard, penetrate deeply into the soil, and are resistant to phylloxera though somewhat variable in this respect.
The phylloxera do not attack its roots and it is considered as resistant as any other, if not the most resistant of all American species.
This species is interesting in that it is a native of a region of North America not originally infested with phylloxera, but in which phylloxera has since been introduced.
Riparia is revealed in the long, slender canes, the resistance tophylloxera and the shallow, spreading root system.
Concord is but slightly resistant tophylloxera and in calcareous soils is subject to chlorosis.
It is also very resistant to phylloxeraand has been used somewhat in France and Spain as a resistant stock for Vinifera.
In France it shows the same weaknesses and is not as resistant to phylloxera as are other and better American sorts.
It is found to be very resistant to phylloxera and is sometimes recommended as a stock for Vinifera but is not generally considered as valuable in this respect as Berlandieri.
The variety is very resistant to phylloxera and has been used in France as a phylloxera-resistant grafting stock.
This subject has peculiar interest to Americans, for the phylloxera is our evil gift to France.
Both of these are deadly poisons to the phylloxera as well as to man.
These hatch into more females, which emerge and form new galls, and so the phylloxera spreads (see Fig.
Again, the male of Phylloxera vastatrix lives for a much shorter period than the female, and is devoid of proboscis and stomach, and takes no food: it fertilizes the female as soon as the last skin has been shed and then dies.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "phylloxera" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
