Manganese may be proved as follows: A few grains of powdered ore are placed in a test-tube, with three or four drops of sulphuric acid.
Wad is an impure ore of manganese found in bogs, of little or no value.
To determine the value of manganese ores a somewhat intricate calculation is necessary.
Franklinite, a zinc-manganese ore, is also a common source of supply.
Two or three grains of granulated lead or litharge being dropped in, the color will become pink should manganese be in the ore.
Carbonate of manganesegives the black oxides and silver sulphide ores are, after weathering, known as native silver, kerargyrite and embolite.
It is not clear that Heath was aware of the precise chemical effect of the use of manganese in this way.
It was not, in fact, the presence of one-tenth of a percent of sulphur or phosphorous which affected the result if the Bessemer process were combined with his process by adding a triple compound of iron, carbon, and manganese to the pig.
Sufficient answer to Mushet was at any rate available in the fact that many hundreds of tons of excellent "Bessemer metal" made without any mixture of manganese or spiegeleisen in any form were in successful use.
This latter operation is carried out by adding a precise quantity of manganiferous pig-iron (spiegeleisen) or ferromanganese, the manganese serving to remove the oxygen, which has combined with the iron during the blow.
Another alloy, consisting of 60 to 80 percent of metallicmanganese was also available to him from Germany.
The alloy of manganese and other materials now used in the atmospheric process contains 50 percent of manganese a proportion which could never be obtained from the blast furnace, owing to the highly oxidisable nature of that metal.
Bessemer claims an impressive array of precedents for the use of manganese in steel making and, given his attitude to patents and his reliance on professional advice in this respect, he should perhaps, be given the benefit of the doubt.
This battery consists of a carbon rod surrounded by granular peroxide of manganese forming the positive pole and a piece of zinc for the negative pole, both elements being immersed in a solution of sal ammoniac (chloride of ammonia).
The lower portion is much more porous than the upper and is filled with a combination of pea-carbon and peroxide of manganese held in by a plug at the bottom.
The zincs should be as near chemically pure as can be obtained; the peroxide ofmanganese of the best quality and perfectly free from foreign substances, and the sal ammoniac the purest that can be manufactured.
Place your stick or plate of carbon in centre of zinc cup, hold it there central while you pack in the carbon manganese element all around it; be sure that carbon manganese, or negative element, does not touch zinc cup.
The mineral wealth of the Cyclades has hitherto been much neglected; iron ore is exported from Seriphos, manganese and sulphur from Melos, and volcanic cement (pozzolana) from Santorin.
Potassium cyanate may be prepared by heating potassium cyanide with an oxidizing agent, or by heating potassium ferrocyanide with manganese dioxide, potassium carbonate or potassium dichromate (J.
The ledger on her lap, she pushed the roadster through hairpin curves and back-country roads with a confidence as cold as her reasoning about her manganese properties.
But why don't you ask me why I'm not mining my manganese now?
If not for me, or someone else with as much money to risk as I'm risking, this manganese would be useless to everyone.
There's a war on, the Germans have grabbed most of Russia's manganese fields, and Russia had a practical corner on the world's manganese supply.
Several thicknesses of blotting paper constitute a lining for the inner portion of the zinc electrode and serve to prevent the manganese mixture from coming directly into contact therewith.
As in the ordinary wet type of LeClanché cell, the purpose of the manganese is to act as a depolarizer; the carbon or graphite being added to give conductivity to the manganese and to form a large electrode surface.
It is important that the sal ammoniac, which is the active agent of the cell, should be free from lumps in order to mix properly with the manganese and carbon.
In other forms the carbon electrode has moulded with it the manganese depolarizer.
The positively charged electrode must not be considered as merely the carbon plate or rod alone, but rather the carbon rod with its surrounding mixture of peroxide of manganese and broken carbon.
The phosphatic nodules seem to originate around the dead bodies of fishes, and manganese incrustations frequently enclose teeth of sharks, ear-bones of whales, &c.
In deep-sea dredgings concretions of phosphate of lime and manganese dioxide are frequently brought up; this shows that concretionary action operates on the sea floor in muddy sediments, which have only recently been laid down.
In the red clay of the deep sea bottom concretionary masses rich in manganese dioxide are being formed, and are sometimes brought up by the dredge.
Pour strong hydrochloric acid on a little manganese dioxide in a test tube, and warm gently over a low flame.
Intimately mix 3 grams (1/2 teaspoonful) of potassium chlorate with half its bulk of manganese dioxide, and place the mixture in a large test tube.
Those of India and Brazil are chiefly surface concentrations of the manganese oxides, formed by the weathering of underlying rocks which containmanganese carbonates and silicates.
The iron andmanganese oxides are mined in considerable tonnage as a flux.
Solution is believed to be accomplished by chloride solutions, and is favored by the presence of manganese which delays precipitation.
At Butte, Montana, a little high-grade manganese material has been obtained from the unoxidized pink manganese carbonate, which is a common mineral in some of the veins.
The principal manganese ore-producing countries in normal times are Russia, India, and Brazil.
The fissures were mineralized with copper sulphides and arsenides, iron sulphides, and locally with zinc sulphide and manganese carbonate,--all in a matrix of quartz.
To illustrate, the large movement of manganese from India and Russia to the United States was abruptly stopped, and we had to develop a source of supply in Brazil.
An addition of the peroxide of manganese to the above mixture, favours the production of iodine.
A convenient plan of testing the value of peroxide of manganese for bleachers, &c.
Black enamels are made with peroxide of manganese or protoxide of iron; to which more depth of colour is given with a little cobalt.
From the preceding computation, it is evident that 1 ton of salt with 1 ton of the above native oxide of manganese properly treated, would yield 0.
The tarnish may be easily removed, by rubbing the metal with a solution of cameleon mineral, prepared by calcining peroxide of manganese with nitre.
Instead of passing them through the chloride, they may be merely exposed to the air till the manganese attracts oxygen, then rinsed, and dried.
The bluish-green tinge which these otherwise beautiful and brilliant glasses possess, is not removable by the ordinary means, such as manganese or arsenic, which decolour alkaline glass.
To him it is of great consequence to get a native manganese containing as little iron oxide as possible; since in fact the colour or limpidity of his product will depend altogether upon that circumstance.
Thus the iron buff, the manganese bronze, and the chrome yellows and greens are given.
The manganese may be thrown down by hydrosulphuret of potash; and, finally, the magnesia may be precipitated by carbonate of soda.
The peroxide of manganese is used also in the formation of glass pastes, and in making the black enamel of pottery.
Hence the proportion of manganeseshould never exceed what is just; for the surplus would cause colour.
Schrader found in the ashes of oats, silica, carbonate of lime, carbonate of magnesia, alumina, with oxides of manganese and iron.
Another improvement in dyeing of more recent date is the application to textile substances of metallic compounds, such as Prussian blue, chrome yellow, manganese brown, &c.
Manganese Black, the common black oxide of that metal, is the best of all blacks for drying in oil without addition.
It is a species of bog-earth or peat, mixed with manganese in various proportions, and found on the estate of Lord Audley at Cappagh, near Cork.
Manganese Brown is an oxide of manganese, which is quite durable both in water and oil, and dries admirably in the latter.
The hyposulpharsenite of manganese is a dark red precipitate, uninjured by sulphuretted hydrogen, and so far applicable as a pigment.
It contains manganese and iron, and may be produced artificially.
The best wearing rails, which often give contradictory results with the tensile test, were comparatively pure manganese steels, low in silicon, only exceptionally up to 0.
Silicon, tungsten and manganese steels are also substantially normal in their behaviour, although there are considerable differences in the magnitudes of the variations they display (Proc.
The dendritic markings are more common on the implements from some localities, as, for instance, Santon Downham, than from others, and are due to the crystallization of peroxide of manganese upon their surface.
Gabon continues to face fluctuating prices for its oil, timber, and manganese exports.
Gabon depended on timber andmanganese until oil was discovered offshore in the early 1970s.
It would appear that the intensification of the properties due to chromium and manganese in the alloy steel accounts for this peculiar phenomenon.
The compound of manganese and oxygen is readily eliminated from the metal.
The high-content manganesesteels are known as the "Hadfield manganese steels," having been developed by Sir Robert Hadfield.
Another form of heat-treating furnace is that which is used for the heating of manganese and other alloy steels, which after having been brought to the proper heat are drawn from the furnace into an immediate quenching tank.
For example, manganese exists as manganese carbide in combination with the iron carbide.
The action of manganese is very similar to that of nickel in this respect, only twice as powerful.
Manganese when added to steel has the effect of lowering the critical range; 1 per cent manganesewill lower the upper critical point 60°F.
Below 2 per cent manganese steel low in carbon is very ductile and tough steel.
From all compounds of manganese, excepting those containing cobalt and nickel, the manganese is precipitated as binoxide; those containing these two elements are treated with phosphoric acid, or as noted under Separation.
Toward the close of it, it is also advantageous, when the contents of manganese are large, to warm the solution to about 50° C.
In order afterward, to drive off the nitric acid and get the manganese with certainty reduced to protoxide, the solution is boiled with a little hydrochloric acid.
Footnote 1: For this in case of need a solution of perchloride of iron free of manganese may be employed.
When the content of manganese is large, it is sometimes rather long before the solution is ready for titration.
Of ferromanganese and other very manganiferous substances, in which the manganese need not be determined with greater exactness than to 0.
A large excess of bicarbonate ought to be avoided, because in a solution of pure protochloride of manganese it renders the liquid milky and turbid; the addition of more water, however, makes it clear.
Gypsum is also found up the Bay, near Cumberland, and Manganese at Quaco.
Manganese has been found at Quaco, and the adjoining district, which has been sent to the United States, and is said to be of a good quality.
If the black oxide of manganese be used in excess, some of the oxide of manganese remains unreduced, and, when this is the case, it gives a purple colour to glass.
Black oxide of manganesecolours glass purple; but if large quantities be used, it makes it perfectly black.
Silicate of manganese is prepared in a similar way to the silicate of copper; silicate of cobalt, and other silicates, can be used as staining materials for colouring glass.
The difficulty in using black oxide of manganese is, the exact proportioning of it to the quantity of iron present in the sand, a quantity which cannot be easily determined.
I have thought it advisable to give analyses of the black oxides of manganese, and they are as follows: Binoxide of manganese (Molecule, Mn.
Since this article was written, I have been consulted by a glass firm of eminence, as to the use of pure black oxide of manganese in the manufacture of flint glass, instead of that ordinarily supplied in commerce.
The black oxide of manganese usually sold contains many other constituents besides black oxide of manganese; amongst these are iron, copper, cobalt, and alumina.
The addition of a small quantity of black oxide of manganese is sometimes necessary to correct the slight tint imparted by iron, which seems to be always present in minute quantities, even in the purest samples of sand.
The double bulb tube, E E, may be substituted for the flask, the oxide of manganese being contained in the bulb M.
Paper prepared with sulphate of manganese is an excellent test for ozone, and changes brown rapidly by the oxidation of the proto-salt of manganese, and its conversion into the binoxide of the metal.
It must be admitted that often the upper portions of a lode present a strong appearance of fire agency, but exactly the same appearance can be caused by oxidation of iron and manganese in water.
Methane is yielded by aluminium and beryllium carbides, and, mixed with hydrogen, by manganese carbide.
It is now a centre of the tunny fishery, and there are manganesemines also.
As nearly all the manganeseused in the United States comes from the Black Sea, it is thought that these mines will prove very valuable, when the conditions for operating them are more favorable.
Numerous deposits of manganese have been found in the Sierra Maestra range.
The crenates of lime, magnesia, and protoxide of iron are soluble, crenates of peroxide of iron and of oxide of manganese are but very slightly soluble; crenate of alumina is insoluble.
The apocrenates of iron and manganese are slightly soluble; those of lime, magnesia, and alumina are insoluble.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "manganese" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word. Other words: gold; iron; lead; metal; silver
