The ovarium becomes an independent organ furnished with its own excretory ducts; the male parts are individualized to form veritable testes furnished with excretory ducts, or even with a penis.
Into the uterus or into the prostate gland the excretory ducts of the sexual glands, or the spermatic canals and oviducts, pursue a convergent course, like the salivary ducts do into the oral cavity.
All excretory orifices are in a certain sense larynges or tracheal orifices.
In the back of the shoulder these animals have a highly vascular organ with two excretory passages, which open near to the orifices of the oviducts.
The whole skin is undermined by mucous canals and perforated by their excretory apertures.
The spleen is the branchia of the stomach; it has therefore no excretory duct and requires none.
In the vegetable sphere of life there are, in addition to the liver, but two mutually distinct excretory organs, namely, the intestine and the skin.
Unfortunately, the paying of attention to them to any great extent lessens somewhat of the disgust naturally aroused by the excretory functions with which they are associated.
The vulva is pierced by two openings, the smallest and most anterior of which is the external opening of the urethra, or excretory duct of the bladder.
It has already been stated that the excretory organs, by constantly eliminating from the system the worn-out material, keep the machine healthy and in good working order.
It must be remembered that the skin is one of the excretory organs of the body, and the pores should be kept well open by the various forms of baths.
The urethra, orexcretory duct of the bladder, is about an inch and a half long, and lies firmly imbedded in the anterior vaginal wall.
A vegetable diet is less taxing to the excretory organs than an animal diet.
The excretory duct from the bladder for the escape of the urine.
The embryonicexcretory organs of vertebrates, consisting primarily of the segmental tubes and segmental ducts.
An oblong vermiform mass on the dorsal side of the testicle, composed of numerous convolutions of the excretory duct of that organ.
Any contractile vessel of invertebrates which is not of the nature of a real heart, especially one of those pertaining to the excretory system.
The tubular excretory organs, a pair of which often occur in each of several segments in annelids.
The part of the epididymis; or the corresponding part of the excretory duct of the testicle, which is derived from the Wolffian body.
The excretory duct of a testicle; a spermatic duct.
One of a system of tubular excretory organs having external openings, found in many invertebrates.
Among the Megascolicidae, however, which in number of genera and species nearly equals the remaining families taken together, another form of the excretory system occurs.
Excretory organs which are undisputed nephridia are practically universal among the Oligochaeta, Hirudinea and Archiannelida, and occur in many Polychaeta.
It is not clear, for example, to which category it is necessary to refer the excretoryorgans of Arenicola, or Polynoe.
The coelom is lined throughout by cells, which upon the intestine become large and loaded with excretory granules, and are known as chloragogen cells.
There are no specialized circulatory, respiratory or excretory organs.
The Polychaeta, however, present us with another form of nephridium seen, for example, in Arenicola, where a large funnel leads into a short and wide excretorytube whose lumen is intercellular.
It has been ascertained that the nephridia of Oligochaeta are preceded in the embryo by a pair of delicate and sinuous tubes, also found in the Hirudinea and Polychaeta, which are larval excretory organs.
Thus Nereis among the latter worms, from the resemblance which its excretory system bears to that of the Oligochaeta, may be made the starting-point of a series.
The three openings in the penis were probably the orifices of the excretory ducts of Cowper's glands.
The skin, being covered with a rash, is put out of commission as an excretory organ; in consequence all of the work of this description is placed upon the kidneys.
In this way the individual suffering with tuberculosis is assured of an efficient diet to meet the needs of the body without overburdening the digestive apparatus or overtaxing the excretory organs.
The end-products of fat metabolism, like those of the carbohydrates, consist of carbon dioxide and water, and leave the body by the same excretory channels.
Silly as this may sound, it is the truth, and this is s the explanation: Overfeeding causes digestive troubles and a breakdown of the assimilative and excretory processes.
There is a limit to the skin's excretory ability, and when this is exceeded skin diseases ensue.
The water is the vehicle through which the nutritive elements are distributed to the billions of cells of the body, and it is also the vehicle which carries the waste to the various excretory organs.
Please remember that exhaled air is excretory matter, and that it is both unclean and unwholesome to consume it over and over again.
Too much food is absorbed into the blood and the excretory organs have to work overtime to get rid of the excess.
Some of the contributory causes are wrong thinking, too little exercise, lack of fresh air, and ingestion of sedatives and stimulants which upset the assimilative and excretory functions of the body.
The segmental organs of Peripatus, Annelids, and Vertebrates do not appear to be possible equivalents of the excretory organs of Arthropods.
There thus appears to be no adequate ground for agreeing with those who consider that the proximity of the generative and excretory centres is "a stupid bungle of Nature's.
It may further be remarked that the anus, which is the more æsthetically unattractive of the excretory centres, is comparatively remote from the sexual centre, and that, as R.
Apart from his interest in his origin, the child is also interested in his sexual, or as they seem to him exclusively, his excretory organs, and in those of other people, his sisters and parents.
They are lined by cells charged with a yellow or brown pigment, and besides their excretory functions they act as ducts through which the reproductive cells leave the body.
In Cephalopoda the excretory sacks or organ of Bojanus are apparently differentiations of the mesoblast[115].
In the character of the excretory organs they exhibit affinities with the Platyelminthes, while in other respects they possibly approach the Arthropoda (e.
From the mesoblast there is also formed, according to Hatschek, a pair of ciliated excretory canals, in the space between the mouth and anus (fig.
The fact that these pouches are outgrowths of the alimentary tract appears to preclude the possibility of their being homologous with excretory tubes of the Platyelminthes and Rotifera.
After the formation of the mouth, there are formed on the ventral side of and slightly behind it (1) anteriorly a pair of tubes, which appear to be provisional excretoryorgans and soon disappear (fig.
The provisional organs consist of either (1) an external paired mass of excretory cells or (2) an internal organ provided with a duct, which is not in all cases certainly known to open externally.
For the development of the segmental organs the reader is referred to the chapter on the excretory system.
There is a perivisceral cavity, and the body walls are traversed by excretory tubes.
At the same time a system of excretory vessels, sometimes opening by a posterior pore, becomes visible in the wall of the vesicle.
Nothing like the vaso-peritoneal vesicles of the Echinoderm larvae has been found in the trochosphere; nor have the characteristic trochosphere excretory organs been found in the Echinoderm larvae.
The most remarkable organ of the larva is a paired excretory organ (nph) discovered by Hatschek.
The organs most worthy of notice are the excretory organs.
There are found in the embryo of Nephelis and Hirudo certain remarkable provisional excretory organs the origin and history of which is not yet fully made out.
These special excretory organs are not found in the other Coelenteria (Gastraeads, Sponges, Cnidaria) or the Cryptocoela.
In all the earlier Vertebrates we have found the primitive kidneys as excretory organs, and these appear at an early stage in the embryos of all the higher Vertebrates up to man.
Here the primitive kidneys, which act asexcretory organs of urine throughout life in the amnion-less Vertebrates, are replaced in the mammals by the permanent kidneys.
Our third indication is to increase the action of all the excretory functions, and thus, as far as possible, remove the virus, which may have already entered the system.
There is no remedy with which we are acquainted that has such a power of producing a general erethism throughout the wholeexcretory system, as calomel in large doses.
In the sharks and skates the Wolffian duct in the male, in addition to its function as an excretory duct, serves also as a passage for the sperm, the testes having a direct connection with the kidneys.
The excretory organs consist of a series of tubules in the region of the pharynx, connecting the body-cavity with the atrium.
Before the anal opening forms the primitive caudal intestine receives from above the stalk of the allantois, while the Wolffian duct, the canal of the embryonic excretory apparatus, also opens into it.
The method of union of the two pancreatic outgrowths and their respective share in building up the adult gland explains the usual adult arrangement of the excretory system and its variations.
This primary arrangement of the gland, being formed of two main collections of budding hypoblastic cells, corresponds to the adult system of the pancreatic excretory ducts.
The excretory duct runs along the outer side of the upper jaw, and opens by a slit at the base of the poison-fang, with which it inosculates at right angles in a little muscular mass forming a sphincter.
On each side of the mouth of spiders is found an appendage ending in a fang (chelicera), at the extremity of which opens the excretory duct of a more or less developed poison-gland.
The accessory poison-gland, which is lanceolate or ovoid in shape, consists of a small, granular mass, the extremely narrow excretory duct of which opens at almost the same point as that of the alkaline gland.
Its excretory duct opens, beside that of the acid gland, at the enlarged base of the gorget of the sting (fig.
A portion of the latter is inserted in the capsule itself, in such a way that when the snake closes its jaws to bite, the gland is forcibly compressed and the contained liquid is squeezed into its excretory duct.
The excretoryorgans of the Vertebrata consist of three distinct glandular bodies and of their ducts.
The mesonephros is formed some distance behind, and some time after the pronephros, both in Acipenser and Lepidosteus, so that in the larvae of both these genera the pronephros is for a considerable period the onlyexcretory organ.
In most Teleostei the modification is more complete, in that the generative ducts in the adult have no obvious connection with the excretory organs.
The second form of excretory organ has as yet only been found in the larva of Polygordius, and will be more conveniently dealt with in connection with the development of the excretory system of this form.
Children not infrequently believe that the sexual acts of their elders have some connection with urination and defecation, and the mystery with which the excretory acts are surrounded, helps to support this theory.
Up to puberty scatologic interests may be regarded as normal; at this age the child has still much in common with the primitive mind, which, as mythology and folklore show, attributes great importance to the excretory functions.
An instance of the second is in the sympathy between the excretory duct of the lacrymal gland, and the nasal duct of the lacrymal sack.
I except the mumps, or parotitis, described below; which is properly an external gland, as itsexcretory duct opens into the air.
With these increased motions of the puncta lacrymalia those of the excretory duct of the lacrymal gland are associated from their having so perpetually acted together.
Thus mercury internally promotes an increased salivation, and pyrethrum externally applied to the excretory ducts of the salival glands.
Every gland is capable of being excited into greater exertions by an appropriated stimulus applied either by its mixture with the blood immediately to the secerning vessel, or applied externally to its excretory duct.
Similar to this would seem the fabrication of silk, and of cobweb by the silk worm and spider; which is a secreted matter pressed through holes, which are the excretory ducts of glands.
This is what happens in the case of carnivorous animals that have excretory organs especially adapted to the converting and the eliminating of useless or surplus products.
The excretory surface is increased by numerous ramified caeca which extend beneath the body wall laterally and ventrally, and open into the tube (fig.
Diagrams of theexcretory and reproductive organs of Amphineura (after Hubrecht).
The excretory organs or coelomoducts arise from the posterior corners of the pericardium, run forwards and then backwards to open by separate apertures lateral to the gills (fig.
The excretory organs are coelomoducts with an internal ciliated opening into the pericardium and an opening to the exterior.
Any stoppage in the process of elimination means that some fault has crept into the work of one of these excretory systems.
Finally the skin likewise is an excretory organ and exhales a very definite amount of gaseous and fluid waste in the course of each twenty-four hours.
In some Leptomedusae excretory "marginal tubercles" are developed on the ring-canal.
If a distal pore or aperture is present, it is excretory in function; such varieties have been termed "cystons" by Haeckel.
Amphioxus at a certain stage of development; as a fourth variety of endodermal cells excretory cells should perhaps be reckoned, as seen in the pores in the foot of Hydra and elsewhere (cf.
