In the case of defectives it is sometimes necessary to begin with random testing, until a rough idea is gained of the mental level.
The Education of Defectivesand the Training of Teachers for Special Classes"; in Journal of Educational Psychology (1913), pp.
The writer has tested more than a hundred children who were as much above average intelligence as moron defectives are below.
The earlier methods of diagnosis caused a majority of the higher grade defectives to be overlooked.
The popular standard is so low that hundreds of thousands of high grade defectives escape identification as such.
Both of these investigators made use of the Stanford revision of the Binet scale, which is especially serviceable in distinguishing the upper-grade defectives from normals.
School defectives are practically all of the moron and border-line grades, and these it is important teachers should be able to recognize.
Defectives are more uneven mentally than normal children, and therefore scatter their successes and failures over a wider range.
It is safe to predict that in the near future intelligence tests will bring tens of thousands of these high-grade defectives under the surveillance and protection of society.
And having to do the work with mental defectives and cripples and Bolsheviki, because every able-bodied puncher in the country had gone over to create a disturbance in Europe!
It just goes to show," she observed after the first relishing draft, "that we should be honest, even withdefectives like old Timmins.
In this respect they are unlike mental defectives of lower types, who rarely have many children and whose children are likely to die young.
Stearns 173 Book influences fordefectives and dependents Julia A.
The general theme of this morning's session is "Library influence in the home, in the shop, on the farm, and among defectives and dependents.
The latest census reports for the United States give data relative to the dependents and defectives in institutions.
Warbasse has recently stated that "At least one fourth of our public institutions for caring for defectivesis made necessary by venereal disease.
Chapple includes among the defectives not only the criminal but also the lunatic, the epileptic and the pauper.
We are strongly of the opinion that the diminished birth-rate does not account for the increase in the number of criminals and defectives further than that the use of preventives discloses a species of criminality.
He assumes that defectives are born and not made, and then makes enquiry into the best possible means for the prevention of their birth.
Dr Chapple is astounded that the existence, or at least the birth, ofdefectives should be allowed.
As the criminal is most harmful of all defectives he is summoned to come forward first and to bring his wife with him, when behold, the man turns up alone.
How far tubo-ligature would meet the cases of these defectives seems very uncertain.
If the wives of all defectives were operated upon in this way, Dr Chapple assures us that the problem concerning the defective would speedily be solved and society would be the happier and wealthier in every way.
Dr Chapple says of defectives that they do live but that they must not.
The care of dependents and defectives in small, or rural, communities has, however, been very poorly organized.
Moreover, the proper care and treatment of many defectives require better facilities and greater skill than can be provided even by well-to-do families.
State institutions for the care of dependents and defectivesin your state.
I took him for one of those defectivesalluded to in a previous chapter; but no, I was told he was "nobody's fool.
Every stranger in Appalachia is quick to note the high percentage of defectives among the people.
For a falling-off in this alarming number of mental defectives we must await scientific eugenic laws to be discussed in chapter xxx.
A class of dependents, defectives and delinquents, supported by society but contributing little or nothing to its maintenance or its advancement.
Every social group has its quota ofdefectives and delinquents--biological and social, physical, mental, emotional.
Outside of the employment range, but dependent upon the economy are the defectives and delinquents, the parasites who live on cake and the parasites who live out of garbage cans.
The passion for ease and luxury, and the dread of poverty tend to overstrain the nervous system, and numberless neuroticdefectives fall back upon society, and give themselves up to the propagation of their kind.
Christian sentiment suppressed inhuman practices--Christian care brings many defectives to the child-bearing period of life.
Education of defectives in prudence and self-restraint of little avail.
The worst feature of the problem, however, is not so much the disproportion in the numbers born to the normal and the abnormal respectively, but the fact that the defectives propagate their kind.
We are now face to face with the startling fact that this army of defectives is increasing in numbers and relative fertility.
The higher checks to population, as they exist among the better classes of people, do not obtain amongst the defectives taken as a class.
This constitutes a numerous class in every large community, and includes the criminal, the drunkard, and the pauper, and many defectives such as epileptics and imbeciles.
Sexual inhibition implies well-developed self-control, the very force in which almost all defectives are most deficient, and the absence of which makes them criminals, drunkards and paupers.
Many of these conditions are partly congenital and partly acquired, but in the majority of defectives a transmitted taint is present.
All were defectivesbut not strictly speaking insane.
Race suicide will then cease to be a bugbear; and it will no longer be considered rational to keep up the census at the cost of propagating low orders of intelligence, to feed the ranks of paupers, defectives and criminals.
Only of late years have the State governments begun to classify, diagnose, and gather up the insane and the imbecile, whom we always have had with us, and these processes have brought the defectives into the light.
Defectives frequently pass by objects without obtaining any impression of them, or else transform what impression they do get into a false idea.
We have just awakened to the importance of detecting defectivesearly in life, hence many of our tests have been planned with reference to children.
And other investigators estimate that the fecundity of mental defectives in general is about twice as great as that of the average of our population.
It is also true that there are more children born in such families; and for that reason the percentage of defectives is continually on the increase.
But, it may be urged, these are exceptional cases, there is surely no considerable number of mental defectives who are married.
But what assurance have we that we can prevent the production ofdefectives by segregation?
Rentoul estimates that 1:50 would be nearer the truth because of the fact that the number of officially known mental defectives is much less than the actual number.
All facts point to the conclusion that most mental deficiency is strongly inheritable and that the majority of our defectives of this type come from degenerate stocks.
It is therefore likely that the percentages of mental defectives among different groups of juvenile delinquents will vary according to the particular ward, city, county, or state, whence the delinquents come.
In fact, it is doubtful if any group of apprehended, detained, or probationed offenders can be said to be representative, or at least to be exactly representative, of the true proportion of mental defectives among all delinquents.
Then the crop of defectives will be reduced to practically nothing.
Closely related to this factor of isolation are the varying percentages of mental defectives found in different states and in different sections of the same state, city or community.
Isolation as a Result of Segregation[111] There is the observed tendency of mental defectives to congregate in localized centers, with resulting inbreeding.
Cumming: "the prevention and correction of mental defectivesis one of the great public health problems of to-day.
Carlisle of the Public Health service, aided by a large number of volunteers, shows that only a small percentage of mental defectives and morons are in the care of institutions.
They are not in ignorance, for the highest authorities know perfectly well that every year many hundreds of helpless and hopeless degenerates or defectives are committed to prison and tabulated as habitual criminals.
Defectives are still granted licenses to perpetuate their kind; children still enervate their bodies and minds by the use of narcotics; and society daintily lifts its skirts as it hurries past the evil, pretending not to see.
In one state it costs more to care for the defectives and unfortunates than to provide schooling facilities for all the normal children, but this fact is not written into party platforms nor proclaimed from the stump.
It is only improperly brought up people, mental defectivesand those unable to adjust themselves to their environment who still have this primitive feeling of taking or stealing.
This was common custom and if the children born of such unions were defectives or monstrosities the fact would have become quickly apparent and the custom would have been abolished.
Two Distinct Questions=: Mental Defectives and Sexual Perverts, Comments on 5 PART II.
It seems desirable, however, to point out the fallacy of a popular idea that the world could easily stamp out defectives and degenerates by merely adopting a vigorous policy of segregation and sterilization.
Probably New Zealand has much the same proportion of mental defectives as other countries.
McKenzie, Inspector of Schools, that this is exactly the percentage of defectivesdiscovered in the schools of a section of the city of Toronto as the result of a psychological survey.
It is true that a certain proportion of mental defectives show their lack of self-control in regard to sex instincts and functions as in other respects.
It was also shown that such defectiveshave little sexual control, and are usually very prolific.
The investigations of the Committee show that already there is far too large a proportion of mental and physical defectives reproducing their kind.
I need scarcely point out the moral danger to the community of so many of these defectives being at large.
I am certain that by this means the increasing number of mental defectives would be reduced to a minimum, since mental defectiveness is almost entirely hereditary.
Much is to be hoped from the colony plan of segregating mental defectives, as colonies care for high-grade defectives and under wise management become self-supporting and may be increased without limit.
A decade ago sterilization of defectives was widely advocated and laws making provision for it were passed in several states.
As a rule the mental defectives and epileptics cared for in institutions are of low grade.
We do not find any corresponding provision with regard to the mentally defective children outside the Metropolis; or for the mentally defectives beyond sixteen years of age.
We can find no indication of policy as to whether it was recommended that such mentally defectives should be granted outdoor relief, or (as one can scarcely believe) required to inhabit a workhouse which made no provision for them.
Yet, all the defectives who leave it do not turn out badly.
We have subjected our twelve defectives to certain tests as speedy and precise as possible.
We draw them from our own observations made in a class for defectives in Paris.
We had hoped that the study of these institutions would have provided us with ready-made experience as to the measures to be taken for founding schools for defectives under good conditions.
We had had to examine these defectives before their admission into the special class.
It seems to us that the selection of defectivescalls for three varieties of experience--that of teachers, of doctors, and of psychologists.
They will be quite surprised to find that the great majority of defectives do not answer to this description, and seeing that they have fallen into an error, they will correct themselves as usual by falling into the opposite mistake.
Those who think that the defectives are destined to become lunatics are just as much in a dream as those who declare they will become criminals.
On the other hand, if the school for defectives at the Salpetriere has enabled us to collect valuable information, we owe this good fortune entirely to the intelligent initiative of a woman.
There is a certain, practical, even easy way of finding out whether the teacher has been trying to keep in contact with real life, and whether his school for defectives is well managed.
Every class, every school, for defectives ought to aim at rendering its pupils socially useful.
The teacher of defectivescannot hope that he will bring his pupils to the last stage.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "defectives" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
