The strongest evidence in favour of Huxley's and Parker's view of the nature of the columella is the fusion in the adult Sphenodon of the upper end of the hyoid with the columella (vide Huxley, No.
From an examination of a specimen in the Cambridge museum I do not feel satisfied that the fusion is not secondary, but have not been able to examine the junction of the hyoid and columella in section.
Parker holds that the columella auris of the Anura is the homologue of the hyomandibular.
And that Columella so understood it is clear both from his defending his opinions by frequent quotation from it as a standard authority, and from his writing one book of his voluminous manual in verses imitated from Virgil.
It is used by Varro and Columella in the sense of "plucking up, weeding out," eridicare; and metaphorically by Cicero in the same sense.
Defn: Pertaining to that part of the columella of the ear which, in some animals, connects the stapes with the other parts of the columella.
Defn: Pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, which, in many animals, projects beyond the connection with the stapes.
Defn: Pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, between the stapes and the mediostapedial.
Defn: Of, pertaining to, or designating, that part of the columella of the ear which projects above the connection with the stapes, as in many animals.
Defn: Of or pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, which in many animals projects below the connection with the stapes.
The columella is folded or toothed transversely, as in Fig.
Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella was a Roman, a native of Cadiz, and lived during the 1st Century.
The surface of the shells of some species is smooth, others granulose and not a few spirally lined and longitudinally ribbed, while the columella is marked by several heavy plaits or folds.
The columella is dark-colored, forming the floor of the peridial cavity.
The columella is scant, and the spores are smaller than those of D.
Easily distinguished by its white stipe, columella and capillitium in contrast with yellow peridial walls.
It is cut from the columella of a Busycon perversum, and is of the usual form, being a heavy, short cylinder, rounded at the ends until it is somewhat globular.
A fourth specimen, from Florida, is represented by a cast presented by Professor Velie; it is three inches in length and nearly one inch in diameter, and has been derived from the columella of a Busycon perversum.
Putnam in a recent paper that I beg leave to quote it here, omitting his references to figures: "A columella was ground down to the required size and shape, and made into a pendant by boring a hole through the larger end.
It has been made from the columella of some large univalve.
The prominent part of the back is cut or ground away, and the columella is partially or wholly removed, a passage the full size of the natural aperture being thus secured.
It has been cut from thecolumella of a Busycon perversum, the reverse whorl being indicated by the well-preserved spiral groove, and was suspended by means of a small, well-made perforation near the upper end.
The larger one is made from the columellaof some heavy shell, probably the Strombus gigas.
The outer case of the shell being somewhat fragile it is probable that the sea has very frequently broken it away, leaving the dismantled columella to be washed ashore in a shape convenient for manufacture or for inland trade.
Sometimes the spiral groove was so nearly, or even wholly, obliterated in the process of grinding the columella into shape as to make it necessary to enlarge or even recut the groove in order to make a place for the much-loved asphaltum.
An interesting series of specimens illustrating the various stages of manufacture of articles from the columella is presented in Plate XXIX.
It is well preserved and has been made from the columella of a dextral-whorled shell.
The position of the columella and its relations to the exterior parts may be clearly seen.
It is made from the columella of some marine univalve, and is well wrought and symmetrical.
The body and spire have been cut in the manner described above, and the interior whorl and columella have been skillfully taken out.
Applied to spiral plaits on the columella of some shells.
The short intermediate plates which proceed from thecolumella are not counted.
In this type the lamellae are massive, and extend to the axis or columella composed of loose cellular tissue, without any transverse plates like those in Figure 474, a.
The names Sisaron of Dioscorides, Siser of Columellaand of Pliny,[74] are attributed to it.
The first mention of the plant by ancient writers occurs in Columellaand Pliny,[368] that is, at the beginning of the Christian era.
Some authors suspect that it is the cicera of Columella and the ervilia of Varro,[507] but the common Italian name is very different to these.
Sometimes the term columella is used to include the whole ossicular chain,--the columella together with the stapes.
The lower process of this extra-columella passes into a cartilaginous rod which lies in a canal in the quadrate and is during life continuous with Meckel's cartilage within the articular bone of the mandible.
The columella and extra-columella are together homologous with the chain of mammalian auditory ossicles.
The columella and stapes are together homologous with the mammalian auditory ossicles and with the hyomandibular of Elasmobranchs.
The malleus is homologous to the extra-columella of Crocodiles and the stapes to the columella.
All the bones except the mandible, hyoid, and columella are firmly united by interlocking sutures.
Varro and Columella assure us, that it was a most profitable article.
Their writers on agriculture, indeed, the lovers and promoters of high cultivation, seem generally disposed to decide with Columella in favour of the vineyard.
Of, pertaining to, or designating, that part of the columella of the ear which projects above the connection with the stapes, as in many animals.
Pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, between the stapes and the mediostapedial.
Pertaining to a part of thecolumella of the ear, which, in many animals, projects beyond the connection with the stapes.
Pertaining to that part of the columella of the ear which, in some animals, connects the stapes with the other parts of the columella.
Of or pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, which in many animals projects below the connection with the stapes.
An epipterygoid bone or cartilage; the columella in the skulls of many lizards.
I will identify myself with that which will not die with Columellaand will not die with Hosmer.
The columella is somewhat variable, it sometimes forks or divides immediately on entering the sporangium, at other times it is longer and cylindric, with more slender primary branches.
A sectional view through the columella above and below a view of the superficial network.
The color of stipe, columella and sporangium varies from white through yellowish to brown; the spores are quite peculiar by reason of their prominent scattered warts.
Stipe and columella black and shining, the stipe very short, the columella reaching nearly or quite to the apex of the sporangium, often flexuous above.
The columella reduced to a thin alutaceous layer of granules of lime, forming the base of the plasmodiocarp.
Section through the capillitium, columella and stipe of Comatricha Ellisii, Morgan.
Capillitium of dark-colored threads, radiating from the columella and sparingly branched.
In its structure the species is essentially a Lamproderma, but the stipe and columella are stuffed with granules of lime.
Stipe and columella brown and smooth, tapering gradually upward and reaching nearly to the apex of the sporangium, the stipe shorter than the columella.
Stipe and columella black and smooth, tapering gradually upward and vanishing toward the apex of the sporangium, the stipe shorter than the columella.
Columella was born at Gades (Cadiz), and served in the army in Syria.
In this respect Columella is a precursor of the classical revival under the Flavian emperors.
In the tenth book of Columella we have a didactic poem modelled on the Georgics of Vergil.
It may be doubted whether Columella was well advised when he yielded to the entreaties of his friend Silvinus and wrote his tenth book in verse.
Near the center were a few fragments of bone, with a columella bead 4 inches long, perforated lengthwise.
The only artificial object was a section 3ΒΌ inches long of a columella perforated lengthwise, apparently lost by the wearer, as it lay on the natural surface.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "columella" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
