On those occasions, we subject our sick patients to vaccination or revaccination; we inoculate the variola in our sheep threatened with the contagion; we pursue the same course in cases of epizootia, of peripneumonia.
In the successive stages of a typical case of variola a marked change in the character of the treatment is demanded both by the peculiarities of the eruption and the accompanying general symptoms.
Some less enthusiastic experimenters with the red-light treatment of variola have been more moderate in their praises, and in some smallpox hospitals it has been tried and given up.
Dermatologists and experts in variola are agreed that the pustular syphilide may be absolutely indistinguishable from smallpox so far as the appearance and distribution of the lesions is concerned.
While some contend that even if vaccination fails to prevent the development of variola it is quite certain to modify its severity, others claim that it can be of no more advantage than locking the barn after a horse has been stolen.
In a mild case, when a diagnosis of variola is not promptly made, the patient often returns to his business or pursues his or her customary duties with no thought of the danger to which others are exposed through contact or association.
Furthermore, these prodromal eruptions of variola are of extremely evanescent character and usually disappear within eight or ten hours.
A typical case of mild smallpox occurring after vaccination and sometimes called Variola modificata or Varioloid.
While many articles on variola have been illustrated by a few photographs of cases, mostly of the pustular type, this work is believed to be the first which has presented illustrations of the smallpox eruption in each of its successive stages.
As in the other exanthemata, there are cases ofvariola in which the disease runs so mild a course that a little nursing or simple attention to the personal comfort of the patient is all that is absolutely necessary.
It received its first important notice from the great Jenner, who confounded it with grease in horses, since animals with this disease are very liable to have the eruption of variola appear on the fetlocks.
Feed boxes and bridles previously used by horses affected with variola are probably the most frequent carriers of the virus, and we find the lesions in the majority of cases developed in the neighborhood of the lips and nostrils.
In variola the rosy shallow ulcer and healthy pus, with the acutely tumefied glands, should not be mistaken, at least after a day.
Variola may be confounded with bronchitis or pneumonia if complicated with these troubles and the eruption is absent from the exterior, but it is of little moment, as the treatment for both is much the same.
The efficacy of universal inoculation of vaccinia as a prophylactic against variola is a question of scientific medicine to be decided on technical grounds and ought not to be a matter open to debate by the public at all.
While successful inoculation undoubtedly protected the person from smallpox, sometimes the inoculated form of the disease was virulent, and certainly all cases of inoculated variola were as infectious as the natural variety.
The term variola is from the Latin varus, a pimple.
Some authorities conjecture that the virus of variola belongs to the group of filter-passers.
Putting aside a few asserted instances of variola and allied or analogous affections in utero, congenital constitutional syphilis and (more rarely) scrofulosis seem to afford almost the only examples of this.
Aside from the trivial accidents to which the exanthem may be subject, the hemorrhagic types of variola may be regarded as necessarily grave and in a large proportion of cases inevitably fatal.
The resemblance of pustular variola to certain suppurative and other disorders of the sebaceous glands is well attested by the name given by certain French authors to molluscum epitheliale (M.
However ill-defined the limits between these classes may be, the symptoms of hemorrhagic variolaare sufficiently characteristic to require separate description.
Moreover, in typical variola the defervescence is marked and characteristic on the appearance of the exanthem, while in rubeola, when the rash appears, the temperature is usually sustained at a maximum, and may even rise.
The loftiest end to be reached by the physician of our day with respect to variola is its complete removal from all civilized countries, and indeed from the face of the earth, by the practice of universal vaccination and revaccination.
Ayer reports an instance of congenital variola in twins.
According to Dupony, the first document mentioning variola was in 570 A.
The view that vaccinia is attenuated variola is well known, and has been extensively adopted by English physicians.
In scarlet fever, measles, and variola there is a state of equilibrium between the skin and the intestinal mucous membrane.
Schoenlein was the first to call attention to the distinction between variola and varioloid.
I have often observed, that the perspiration or breath of dogs labouring under variola emits a very unpleasant odour.
In variola and the vaccine disease the poison is determined to the skin, in glanders to the Schneiderian membrane, and in farcy to the superficial absorbents.
The opportunity of diagnosing variola in the king's son, and of curing it by red cloth, so as to leave no pits, was one that such a person was not likely to let slip.
