Mesethmoid cartilage densely ossified in adult age, and coalescing with the surrounding bones of the rostrum.
The sternum is composed of a single piece, and articulates only with a single pair of ribs; and there are no ossified sternal ribs.
Sternum almost always composed of several pieces, placed one behind the other, with which several pairs of ribs are connected by well-developed cartilaginous or ossified sternal ribs.
Mesethmoid in the adultossified in its entire length, and coalescing with the surrounding bones.
The study of the development of the ossified vertebrate skull .
Development, therefore, proves what comparative anatomy could only foreshadow--the unity of plan of all vertebrate skulls, ossified and unossified alike.
It is again to development that we must turn to discover the true relationship of the cartilaginous to the ossified skull.
But their median union in that genus favours the conclusion that the bones were united in the median line in all species, though they are only co-ossified in these two families.
The tail is elongated like that of Dimorphodon, and bordered in the same way byossified ligaments.
With those characters are correlated the comparatively short bones which correspond to the back of the hand termed metacarpals, and the tail is long, and stiffened down its length with ossified tendons.
In all long-tailed Ornithosaurians the vertebrae are supported and bordered by slender ossified ligaments, which extend like threads down the tail, just as they do in Rats and many other mammals and in some lizards.
So that it might have been present in a fossil animal without being ossified and preserved.
The partes facialae of the maxillaries are moderately developed in all species, except taurinus, in which the pars fascialis tends to articulate with the lateral margin of the nasal in well-ossified individuals.
The evolutionary relationships of casque-headed treefrogs with co-ossified skulls (family Hylidae).
Members of this genus are large frogs with heavily casqued and co-ossified skulls (Trueb, 1970a).
Goin defined Osteocephalus as follows: "Males with paired vocal pouches, one at each angle of the jaw; derm of head not co-ossified with skull but roof of skull exostosed.
Among the amphibians sent to the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris by a Monsieur Leprieur in French Guiana was a single female specimen of a moderately large hylid having a well-ossified skull and smooth dorsal skin.
Inner edge of third finger webbed to mid-length of antepenultimate phalange; dorsum brown with dark brown spots or median blotch; skull in adults casqued and co-ossified with prominent supraorbital flanges O.
The suprascapulae are moderately large and wellossified in leprieurii and taurinus.
Ossification of the cartilages is known by grasping the free borders with the fingers and attempting their flexion; the rigid inflexible ossified cartilage is thus easily recognized.
There is little if anything to be done in case the cartilage has become ossified except to shoe without high calks but preferably with rubber pads.
The condition affects the cartilages of the fore feet more frequently than those of the hind and the outer cartilage is more often ossified than is the inner.
The Kurtidæ are small, short-bodied fishes of the Indian seas, with some of the ribs immovably fixed between rings formed by the ossified cover of the air-bladder and with the hypocoracoid obsolete.
In the more specialized bony fishes, besides these bones we find also series of membrane bones, more or less external to the skull and composed of ossified dermal tissues.
But in spite of its resemblance to a fin, the spine in Pterichthyodes is an outgrowth of the ossified skin and has no more homology with the spines of fishes than the mailed plates have with the bones of a fish's cranium.
Each half of the lower jaw consists of four elements, covering Meckel's cartilage, which is ossified at the symphysis.
The notochord is restricted and replaced by ossified vertebrae.
All the remaining fishes haveossified instead of cartilaginous skeletons.
Placoid scales are ossified papillae, minute, enamelled, and close-set, forming a fine shagreen.
Among the typical fishes the skeleton becomes ossified and reaches a very high degree of complexity.
The relatively primitive sharks called Notidani have the weakly ossified vertebrae joined together in pairs and there are six or seven gill-openings.
Zittel), the skeleton of Neoceratodus is less developed and less ossified than that of its supposed Triassic ancestors.
The head has a roof of well-developed bony plates made of ossified skin and not corresponding with the membrane-bones of higher fishes.
The skeleton is at least partly ossified in all the Teleostomi.
When these membranous folds become ossified or ruptured, the blood regurgitates, and causes great distress in breathing.
The integuments of the thorax were free from fat: the cartilages of the ribs ossified in various degrees, some perfectly, others slightly.
The semilunar valves of the aorta were ossified at their bases and apices, and the portion intermediate, between the base and apex, partly ossified, and partly cartilaginous, so as to render the valves very rigid.
Considerable ossification had taken place in the semilunar valves of the aorta, so that one of them had quite lost its form; and the aorta was ossified for the space of a square inch, at a small distance from the valves.
The aorta under the valves was semicartilaginous, ossified in one small spot, roughened by fleshlike prominences in others, entirely deprived of the smoothness of its internal coat, and in size proportioned to the heart.
One of them was ossified sufficiently to annihilate its valvular function; the others were slightly.
When an ossification of the aorta, or of its valves, exists, there will be a resistance to the passage of the blood from the left ventricle, either by a loss of dilatability in the artery, or a contraction of the orifice by the ossified parts.
The parietes of the heart, especially of the left ventricle, were greatly thickened, and somewhat ossifiednear the origin of the aorta.
On its internal surface, near the longitudinal sinus, there was a small ossified portion, half an inch long and the eighth of an inch thick.
This is represented by a very imperfectly ossified rudiment in the rabbit.
In the adult rabbit they have ossified continuously with the rest of the body.
Even the inferior arches or chevrons of the tail of salamanders are continuously ossified with the centra.
The fact remains, however, that some if not all of the stegocephalous batrachians have an ossified basi-occipital.
No batrachian is known to possess an ossified azygous supra-occipital.
The pelvic arch of some of the Stegocephalia contained a well ossified pubic element, whilst in all other batrachians only the ilium, or the ilium and the ischium are ossified.
The pectoral girdle of the Stegocephalia is, of course, only known from the ossified elements, the identification of which has given rise to some diversity of opinion.
The Röntgen rays show a dark shadow corresponding to the ossified portion of the tumour, and continuous with that of the bone from which it is growing (Fig.
The spongy or cancellous osteoma is really an ossified chondroma, and is met with at the ends of the long bones (Fig.
Multiple partially ossified Chondromas of Synovial Membrane, from Shoulder-joint, the seat of arthritis deformans, from a man æt.
The cranium seems to crumble more than any other ossified portion of the body--the jaw-bones being very perfect, teeth much worn, having belonged to old persons in whose service they had been employed for many years.
On the outside of the head are numerous bones called membrane bones, because they are made up of ossified membrane.
The lower jaw is always in one piece, the two halves being firmly ossified in the middle.
Its upper end, adjoining the quadrate region, becomes calcified and then absorbed, and its lower, with the exception of the extreme point, is ossified and subsequently incorporated in the dentary.
The other element is originally formed by the fusion of the ossified bases of the dermal placoid scales already described in Chapter XIV.
The dorsal end of the part of the hyoid separated from the incus becomes ossified as the tympano-hyal, and is anchylosed with the adjacent parts of the periotic capsule.
The front part of the cartilaginous cranium is ossified by a complete ring of bone--the sphenethmoid bone--which embraces part of the ethmoid region, and of the orbitosphenoid and presphenoid regions.
The pterygo-palatine bar is usually if not always ossified directly, without the intervention of cartilage.
The palatine is first ossified, the pterygoid region of the pterygo-quadrate is next ossified as a dorsal mesopterygoid (m.
The periotic capsule is ossified by a prootic centre, which meets the exoccipital behind.
It becomes segmented into a series of parts which are ossified (fig.
The parts of the arches outside the vertebral bodies are for the most partossified (fig.
In the later stages the parts formed in cartilage become ossified (fig.
The ossified outer sheath of the notochord forms but a small part of the permanent vertebrae.
The state of being changed into a bony substance; also, a mass or point of ossified tissue.
The skull in this species is sometimes ossified into one piece.
The two halves of the lower jaw are always co-ossified together, when the animal is full grown.
The nasal bones are often ossified together to form one bone.
The two halves of the lower jaw are not always co-ossified (as is the case in the Anthropoidea).
A series of five distinct elements are ossified in the wall of the auditory or otic capsule, the prootic and opisthotic more ventrally, and the sphenotic, pterotic and epiotic more dorsally.
The cartilaginous lower jaw is ossified posteriorly to form the articular (fig.
Of these the metapterygium probably represents the ossified skeletal axis: while the propterygium and also the numerous diverging radials probably represent the lateral rays of one side of the archipterygium.
The coronal and sagittal sutures are on the exterior nearly closed, and on the inside so completely ossified as to have left no traces whatever, whilst the lambdoidal remains quite open.
So, none of the Paleozoic Sharks have shown themselves to be possessed of ossified vertebrae, while the majority of modern Sharks possess such vertebrae.
It was a system inaugurated by men long dead, and which had become ossified upon both tenant and landlord (slave and slave-owner) by years of precedent, so neither party had the power to break the bonds.
A creed is made up of ossified metaphors--lover's metaphors.
Arising from the pubes are well developed and ossified epipubic bones.
Associated with the bones an ossified {331} thyroid cartilage of the larynx was found.
The two halves of the lower jaw are not invariably ossified to form one piece, as is the case with most Apes.
The mesethmoid is ossified as in Mesoplodon, but the nasals joined together form the vertex of the skull.
America (the last two being sometimes separated into a distinct genus, Elasmognathus, on account of the prolongation of the ossified mesethmoid), and T.
II and farther distally becomes lateral and finally deep to the latter; the tendon is ossified for most of the length of the tarsometatarsus.
The belly narrows abruptly, terminating approximately at the middle of the shank; the slender ossified tendon extends posterodistally along the shank, becoming flexible before passing posterior to the tibial cartilage deep to the tendon of M.
The medial head attaches by a slender ossified tendon to the medial part of the popliteal area in common with the medial head of M.
IV; narrow anterolateral head fused to overlying anterolateral head of latter muscle and (anterolateral edge) to ossified tendon of anterolateral head of M.
The lateral branch of the tendon on the tarsometatarsus is not ossified (true also of some legs of Tympanuchus).
The slender ossified tendon becomes flexible and passes through the canal in the tibial cartilage that lies anterolateral to the canal for M.
II; proximal part of head a slender ossified tendon fused to anterior edge of both fleshy and tendinous parts of anterolateral head of M.
The short, slender, ossified tendon becomes flexible and passes through the canal in the tibial cartilage that lies medial to the canal for M.
The short, slender, ossified tendon passes along the anterolateral surface of the tibiotarsus and through a retinaculum immediately proximal and anteromedial to the retinaculum for the anterior branch of the tendon of M.
The long, slender, ossified tendon extends along the posteromedial aspect of the tibiotarsus and becomes flexible just before attaching to the proximomedial part of the tibial cartilage.
The ossified tendon on the superficial surface of the distal part of pars externa extends beyond the fleshy belly and becomes flexible before joining the tendon of pars interna and media.
II, then passes through a slight groove in the lateral surface of the hypotarsus and becomes ossified again; midway of the tarsometatarsus, the tendon becomes superficial to the tendon of M.
He sees very clearly how many of the Catholic practices are what he calls "ossified organisms.
As the germ-cell of ecclesiastical organism, the centre from which Christian warmth irradiates upon the world, the monastery was becoming ossified by the action of inexorable age.
