From them Schaudinn decided that the poisonous action of the mosquito bite is caused by an enzyme from a commensal fungus.
Kobert concludes that in its chemical nature the poison is neither an alkaloid, nor a glycoside, nor an acid, but a toxalbumen, or poisonous enzyme which is very similar to certain other animal poisons, notably that of the scorpion.
This is still further illustrated by the fact that when enzymes are properly introduced into the tissues of an animal there is formed in the animal an antienzyme specific for the enzyme in question which can prevent its action.
The final test for an enzyme is the chemical change it brings about in the specific substance acted on.
If the products are removed, the action will continue, if the enzyme is not destroyed.
As was pointed out above, this is sufficient to neutralize the toxin or enzyme and prevent any injurious effect since they can unite with nothing else.
The pieces are then washed clean and dropped for a minute into boiling water to destroy the oxidizing enzyme on the surface which would otherwise cause a darkening of the potato.
The action of the enzyme in this connection would be to split off the side chains, and since these are the specific parts of the protein, the enzyme must be specific for each protein.
Though inert, they show many of the characteristics of living organisms, that is (a) Each enzyme has an optimum, a maximum and a minimum temperature for its action.
This probably means that the structure of the enzyme corresponds to that of the substrate, "fits it as a key fits a lock," as Emil Fischer says.
The fact that an animal which has once reacted fails to do so until several months afterward likewise depends on the fact that the excess enzyme is used in the reaction and time must elapse for a further excess to accumulate.
Their action is specific in that each enzymeacts on one kind of chemical substance only, and the products are always the same.
The amount of change is so great in proportion to the amount of enzyme that the above statement is justified in the relative sense.
The enzymemust be specific for the protein since these differ in constitution.
This kills the enzyme but preserves the green color of the leaf.
The oxidation of black teas is produced by an enzyme in the juice, in green tea this process is stopped by subjecting the leaf at once to steam.
The condition in man known as Alkaptonuria in which the urine is red is due especially to the absence of the enzyme which decomposes the excretory substance, alkapton.
Dry preparations of enzymematerial can withstand somewhat higher temperatures, for somewhat longer periods of time, than can the same enzyme in moist condition or in solution.
These facts and principles have been clearly established in many studies of the nature of enzyme action (enzymes are typical colloidal catalysts) and probably apply equally well to the action of other types of colloidal catalysts.
The name "enzyme" comes from Greek words meaning "in yeast," as the nature and effect of the enzyme involved in the alcoholic fermentation of sugars by yeast were those which were first recognized and understood.
An enzyme capable of effecting the inversion of cane suger, producing invert sugar.
Defn: An unorganized proteolytic ferment or enzyme contained in the secretory glands of the stomach.
By extension, any enzyme which splits cane sugar, milk sugar, lactose, etc.
Defn: An unorganized ferment or enzyme present in pancreatic juice.
The enzyme maltase decomposes it into glucose and mandelic nitrile glucoside; the latter is broken down by emulsin into glucose, benzaldehyde and prussic acid.
But this has not been proved, and hitherto no enzyme has been separated from a pathogenic bacterium capable of forming, by digestive or other action, the toxic bodies from proteids outside the body.
In the case of diphtheria Sidney Martin obtained toxic albumoses in the spleen, which he considered were due to the digestive action of an enzymeformed by the bacillus in the membrane and absorbed into the circulation.
Considerable differences occur in these latter respects, however, and interesting results were obtained by Beyerinck with mixtures of species possessing different powers of enzyme action as regards carbohydrates.
Research designed to let the early colonists live off native food here had turned up an enzyme that enabled the body to handle either isomer.
Jake had ordered one of the villages to rebuild their plant for such a purpose, while another was producing the enzyme that would permit switching.
In all these cases it is clear that conflicts must occur between poison and antidote, acid and alkali, attractive and repellent substances, enzyme and enzyme, etc.
Carnitine is also useful by increasing the energy output of the heart much like Co-Enzyme Q-10.
Digestion starts in the mouth when food is mixed with ptyalin, an enzyme secreted by the salivary glands.
I have encountered very few people that can efficiently digest cooked meat, chicken, or fish, but some can, and some can with the assistance of digestive enzyme supplements.
An enzyme is a large, complex molecule that has the ability to chemically change other large, complex molecules without being changed itself.
Then the enzyme finds yet another protein molecule to free.
Her maintenance diet included using pancreatic enzyme supplements when eating vegetable proteins and Elsie eliminated most fats so her gall bladder would not be stressed.
But this vitamin has been only recently discovered, so as I write this book Co-enzyme Q-10 is not widely known.
So no cooked vegetables or fruits are allowed because to maintain health on this limited regimen it is essential that every possible vitamin and enzyme present in the food be available for digestion.
Then they break the bonds holding that amino acid to others in the protein chain, and then, what I find so miraculous about this process, the enzyme is capable of finding yet another amino acid to free, and then yet another.
Directly or indirectly, the lack of this hormone stimulates molt and, probably enzyme action, or the lack of it, causes the melanoblasts of the cells in the hair follicle to be without pigment.
Thus according to these authors the first enzyme to be formed is one which dissolves cell walls, and it was consequently termed by them a "cytohydrolyst.
When however the malt is mashed, the starch is attacked by the enzyme diastase, and converted by the process of hydrolysis into a mixture of soluble compounds, e.
You see, the clinical trials have demonstrated that we can use the telomerase enzyme to 'immortalize' a patient's own stem cells and then rejuvenate their brain or liver or even their heart.
Yes, maybe it's the answer, but for now I don't know what a safe dosage of enzyme should be.
Just before I left the lab, I ran another simulation on the Mothership to try to figure out what dosage level of Beta enzyme would be safe.
You see, I need to try to develop antibodies to the telomerase enzyme that won't be rejected by his immune system.
The trick would be to have just enough enzyme in your bloodstream to replace senescent cells as they are about to the, but not so much that healthy cells are replaced.
As I told you, your topicalenzyme application has metastasized into your bloodstream and started to replicate, just like it did in Kristen.
It was too high--by how much I think I've finally determined--and the enzyme eventually began replicating too rapidly.
After I performed the Beta on Kristen, the enzyme was stable in her for over two months and appeared to be having an effect.
I did an activity simulation for a range of antibodies, just to make sure she wouldn't automatically reject the enzyme because of the earlier injection.
His last-ditch idea was to find a patient with a blood type of AB positive and introduce a small quantity of the special Beta telomerase enzyme into them.
I think there's an outside chance that I could culture antibodies taken from someone with the same blood type and use them to arrest the rampant multiplying of telomerase enzyme about to begin in Bartlett's blood.
But now the preliminary tests he's just done on you indicate that the level of enzyme in you can be controlled very accurately.
We fused some of the telomerase enzyme with your existing stem cells and your response was immediate.
What would happen if we could find a way to generalize the enzyme and disperse it throughout someone's entire body, not restricting it to just one organ?
It inactivates an enzyme which controls the transmission of nerve impulses to muscle, acetylcholine esterase.
Enzyme B attacks this residue and splits off the remaining fatty acid group from it, enzyme C liberates only the choline from lecithin, and enzyme D opens lecithin at the ester bond between glycerol and phosphoric acid.
Enzyme A removes one fatty acid and leaves a complex residue, called lysolecithin, intact.
Under these conditions of curing, bacterial activity is inoperative, and these experiments are held to furnish an independent proof of the enzyme theory.
In artificial digestions, we have especially the influence of an ever-increasing percentage of soluble products on the activity of the ferment, a condition of things generally considered as more or less inhibitory to enzyme action.
There is no destruction of the ferment, even on exposure to extreme cold, the enzyme being simply inactive for the time being.
In any event, the enzyme prepared in this manner shows decided proteid reactions, and contains nitrogen corresponding more or less closely to the recognized composition of an albumose.
This special characteristic of the ferment testifies in no uncertain manner to the existence of inherent qualities in the inner structure of the enzyme peculiar to the body itself.
If the latter is in a fairly digestible form, and the enzymesolution reasonably active, then even the flask-digestion may show almost no residue of antialbumid.
An unorganized proteolytic ferment or enzyme contained in the secretory glands of the stomach.
An unorganized ferment or enzymepresent in pancreatic juice.
Schutzenberger in 1876 showed that when castor seeds are steeped in water, fatty acids and glycerol are liberated, and attributed this to the hydrolytic action of an enzyme present in the seeds.
For instance, if he knows what enzyme is associated with the stomach, he probably knows what enzyme is associated with the liver.
Whether luciferase is an oxidizing enzyme made up of an albumin associated with some heavy metal as iron, copper or manganese is uncertain.
The reducing action of tissues, according to Bach, requires a reducing enzyme proper or perhydridase and some easily oxidizable substance, such as an aldehyde.
It is not destroyed by any of the enzyme solutions which I have tried.
The reducing action of tissues is said to be due to a reducing enzyme (reducase or reductase), itself composed of a perhydridase and some easily oxidized body such as an aldehyde.
A very small amount of luciferase only is necessary because it behaves as an enzyme and follows the general rule that catalysts act in minute concentrations.
Although used up in oxidizing large quantities of luciferin, it behaves in many ways like an enzyme and may be so regarded.
For this reason Dubois regards it as an oxidizingenzyme similar to the oxydones of Batelli and Stern.
In this respect Bioluminescence is similar to some other biological processes, notably to certain immune reactions and to certain enzyme actions.
Enzyme reactions inhibited by the formation of reaction products again proceed if these are removed or diluted.
Contains a proteolytic ferment or enzyme from the stomach of the hog.
Milk-curdling enzyme from the stomach of the calf.
The cause of these sweet curdling milks, which appear from time to time, is due to the introduction of certain bacteria which have the power of secreting an enzyme resembling that found in rennet.
This gives the proper chemical reaction for peptic action, and the enzyme is then able to act on the paracasein, the nitrogenous part of the cheese.
The curd may gradually disappear, for the bacteria also produce another enzyme that digests the curd, and thus renders it soluble.
Copenhagen, 1898) has devised a test whereby it can be determined whether this treatment has been carried out or not; milk contains a soluble enzyme known as peroxidase which has the property of decomposing hydrogen peroxid.
Pell remembered that he had won fame some time ago by discovering the electrolytic enzyme in the thought process.
At any rate you wouldn't have found the enzyme any place else but there.
Oh, so the enzyme does have something to do with it.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "enzyme" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
