The formula used to express the vital point in nominalism is "Universalia post rem.
Nominalism is the doctrine that individuals only have real existence (universalia POST rem,--the thought AFTER the thing).
Universalia in re were conceived by him as sufficiently explaining the genesis of cognition without the postulation of any such universalia extra rem.
Yet at the same time he declares that, unless the theory be admitted, and unless Universalia ante rem can be sustained as existent, there is no trustworthy cognition attainable, nor any end to be served by philosophical debate.
The Scholastic doctrine of Universaliain re is here expressed very clearly by Themistius.
Thus, the reasoning in the Sophistes, while it sets aside the doctrine of Universalia ante rem, does not mark out any other relation between Universals and Particulars (neither in re nor post rem).
Scotus Erigena revived the doctrine of Cogitable Universalia extra rem and ante rem.
Aristotle remarks that there is great liability to error about theseUniversalia Prima.
Indeed, the Platonic theory goes even farther than the phrase Universalia ante rem, which recognizes the particular as a reality, though posterior and derivative; for Plato attenuates it into phantom and shadow.
This relation may be very well expressed in the language of the schoolmen by saying the concepts are the universalia post rem, but music gives the universalia ante rem, and the real world the universalia in re.
This school inscribes upon its banners, Universalia in re.
The standard of this school bears the legend Universalia ante rem.
And here again I am tempted to abscond behind those blessed words Platonische Ideen and Begriffe, universalia ante rem and universalia post rem, which offer so convenient an escape from the difficulty of meaning what one says.
The Platonic doctrine, formulated by the Schoolmen as Universalia ante rem, has also a plain validity.
In this sense the Aristotelian doctrine, Universaliain re, expresses a plain truth.
A little farther on in this mouldy vault we find the workshop of philosophy, where a master in the art of abstract reasoning deduces the distinction between universalia ante rem and universalia in re.
We hold to "universalia in re, but insist that the universals must be recognized as realities, as truly as the individuals are" (H.
This relation may be very well expressed in the language of the schoolmen, by saying: the concepts are the universalia post rem, but music gives the universalia ante rem, and the real world the universalia in re.
If, however, we felt as purely Dionysian beings, myth as a symbol would stand by us absolutely ineffective and unnoticed, and would never for a moment prevent us from giving ear to the re-echo of the universalia ante rem.
In this sense (but in no other) we might, in the language of the Scholastics, describe the Ideas as universalia ante rem, the conceptions as universalia post rem.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "universalia" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
