The ganglia of Auerbach and of Meissner in the intestinal wall are sufficient for the development of peristaltic waves.
Segoud found the ganglia and some of the fibres of the sympathetic hypertrophied and indurated,[13] and "in recent times Kussmaul and Maier have published an example of sclerosis of the coeliac and superior cervical ganglia.
Such cause may operate upon the central ganglia whence the nerves emanate, as the vicinity of the oblongata and upper parts of the spinal cord or the coeliac ganglion and its branches, including those to the pancreas.
Out of forty-nine autopsies on patients who had suffered from colic due to lead-poisoning, only one was found with any change of the abdominal ganglia of the sympathetic.
Morbid sympathetic impressions are transmitted mainly through branches of the vaso-motor nerve of the semilunar ganglia of the abdomen, and from the pneumogastric to the stomach.
An explanation of this result is to be found in the intimate nervous communications between the liver and the heart through the solar plexus and the large number of ganglia contained in Vater's diverticulum.
In the presence of ganglia corresponding to the spinal nerves, and of rami communicantes, it resembles that of the rabbit.
Yet Semper enters into refinements of comparison, seeing, for instance, in the lateral portions of the ventralganglia (Fig.
Later on, in conjunction with Milne-Edwards, he demonstrated the unity of composition of the nervous system in Crustacea, showing how the concentrated system of the crab was formed by the same series of ganglia as in the Macrura.
There are six ganglia on the buccal mass, and about six or eight minute ones on the stomach.
Using an analogy drawn from the physiology of our own body, Their relation to Him is like that of the ganglia or the nerve centres to the brain.
NF, neural fossa protecting the aggregated ganglia of the central nervous system; PVP, left posterior ventral process; PMP, posterior median process.
Experiment and observation teach that these ganglia subserve a governing influence over nerve-action; hence, they are called nerve-centres.
It is not difficult to determine experimentally the functions of the ventral ganglia and those of the cephalic.
The general conclusion therefore is, that the cephalic ganglia are of a higher order than the ventral, the latter being simply mechanical, the former instinctive; but thus far there is no trace of intelligence.
Lengthwise upon their ventral region is laid a double cord, with ganglia, like a string of beads; sometimes the cords are a little distance apart, but more generally they are coalesced, each pair of ganglia being fused into one.
This principle of dedication to special uses is carried out in the introduction of ganglia intended to be affected by light, or sounds, or odours.
These gangliaare commissured for the sake of sympathetic action, and frequently several of them are coalesced for the sake of package.
Combined together, they constitute ganglia or nerve centres, on which, if impressions be made, they do not necessarily forthwith die out, but may remain gradually declining away for a long time.
But as we advance from the low vertebrates upward in the animal scale, we begin to detect new organs; on the medulla oblongata a cerebellum, and on the sensory ganglia a cerebrum.
But if, in making the decapitation, we leave a portion of the body in connexion with the head, we recognize very plainly that the cephalic ganglia are exercising a governing power.
The second portion, the sensory ganglia, is, as we have seen, the counterpart of the cephalic ganglia of invertebrates; it is the place of reception of sensuous impressions and the seat of consciousness.
The two ganglia are also united directly by fibers.
It does not hence follow, however, that the cerebrum is larger in proportion; in fact, it is probably not nearly so large; for in birds and rodent animals the sensory ganglia form a very considerable portion of the entire brain.
It consists of a double chain of gangliaon either side of the backbone, extending into the chest and abdomen.
There was a chill behind and above her eyes; it swept backward and seemed to converge in the coarser ganglia at the base of her brain.
The fibromatosis may also affect the cranial nerves, the ganglia on the posterior nerve roots, the nerves within the vertebral canal, and the sympathetic nerves and ganglia, as well as the continuations of the motor nerves within the muscles.
Its first effect on the motor ganglia of the cord is to render them hypersensitive, so that they are excited by mild stimuli, which under ordinary conditions would produce no reaction.
Ganglia are probably, therefore, of the nature of degeneration cysts arising in the capsule of joints, in tendons, and in their sheaths.
Ganglia are also met with on the dorsum of the metacarpus and on the palmar aspect of the wrist.
In inoperable cases it may be possible to relieve pain by excising a portion of the nerve above the tumour, or, when this is impracticable, by resecting the posterior nerve roots and theirganglia within the vertebral canal.
Cysts of joints constitute an ill-defined group which includes ganglia formed in relation to the capsular ligament.
As the toxin accumulates the reflex arc is affected, with the result that when a stimulus reaches the ganglia a motor discharge takes place, which spreads by ascending and descending collaterals to the reflex apparatus of the whole cord.
Ganglia in the region of the knee are usually situated over the interval between the femur and tibia, most often on the lateral aspect of the joint in front of the tendon of the biceps (Fig.
Ganglia are to be diagnosed by their situation and physical characters; enlarged bursæ, synovial cysts, and new-growths are the swellings most likely to be mistaken for them.
Vesicular organs containing otoliths are found near the cerebral ganglia in some of the worms and their relations.
There are two pairs of specialized cerebral nerves innervating the praeoral lobe, and provided with peripheral ganglia placed near the termination of the smaller branches.
It has on it six ganglionic swellings, and there are connections between the ganglia and all the spinal nerves.
In the Frog the system consists of a chain of ganglia on each side of the body closely following the course of the systemic arches and the dorsal aorta.
These ganglia form the cortical covering of the brain, and are also found in the interior of the spinal cord.
The mutual action of the digestive, urinary, and internal generative organs upon each other takes place entirely through the medium of the sympathetic ganglia and their nerves.
The ganglia are cellular corpuscles of irregular form, and possess fibrous appendages, which serve to connect them with one another.
The ganglia situated over the esophagus of insects correspond to the medulla oblongata in man, in which originate the spinal accessory, glosso-pharyngeal, and pneumogastric nerves.
The filaments of the pneumogastric nerve originate in the ganglia of these parts.
Four other pairs of abdominal ganglia connected with, the lumbar branches are united by filaments to form the semilunar ganglion.
The thoracic gangliasupply with motor fibres that portion of the aorta which is above the diaphragm, the esophagus, and the lungs.
The sympatheticganglia of the pelvis consist of five pairs, which are situated upon the surface of the sacrum.
This meager reference to brainless animals, whoso knots of ganglia throughout their bodies act automatically as little brains, shows that instinct arises simultaneously with the development of the functions over which it presides.
These ganglia are intimately connected by nervous filaments, and communicate with the cerebro-spinal system by means of the motor and sensory filaments which penetrate the sympathetic.
The sympathetic ganglia of the chest correspond in number with the terminations of the ribs, over which they are situated.
A double chain of nervous ganglia extends from the superior to the inferior parts of the body, at the sides and in front of the spinal column, and is termed, collectively, the system of the great sympathetic.
In insects, these ganglia are scarcely any larger than those distributed within the abdomen, with which they connect by means of minute, nervous filaments.
There are the obvious physiological changes resulting from the gradual bursting into free activity of the hypogastric plexus and the sacral ganglion, in the lower body, and of the cervical plexuses and ganglia of the neck, in the upper body.
In the region of the throat and neck, the so-called cervical plexuses and the cervical ganglia dawn into activity.
The upper centers, cardiac plexus and cervical plexuses, thoracic ganglion and cervical ganglia now assume positivity.
These ganglia are also distributed around in various parts of the interior of the body, especially in the intestines, and all the different ganglia are connected with each other by nerves, thus making one system.
Insects are automata only so far as the action of their ventral cord, and that portion of their cephalic ganglia which deals with contemporaneous impressions, is concerned.
We allude to what Western science terms the "Solar Plexus," and which it considers as merely one of a series of certain matted nets of sympathetic nerves with their ganglia found in various parts of the body.
The Sympathetic Nervous System consists of a double chain of Ganglia on the side of the Spinal column, and scatteredganglia in the head, neck, chest and abdomen.
From these ganglia numerous fibers branch out to the organs of the body, blood vessels, etc.
These ganglia are connected with each other by filaments, and are also connected with the Cerebro-Spinal System by motor and sensory nerves.
At Pittsburg it is a round black spot on the map, in the main ganglia of the great A.
The cerebralganglia are reached through the little hole in the neck and death ensues immediately.
The whole of the ganglia must be concentrated in a limited area in the first segments, almost under the neck.
The first three, or thoracic, ganglia are plainly distinguishable from one another, although they are set very close together; the rest are all in contact.
With a slant towards the head, the cerebral ganglia are wounded and their lesion causes sudden death.
The largest are the three thoracic ganglia and the eleventh.
The thoracic and abdominal ganglia are gathered into a single nervous mass, situated within the quadrilateral bounded by the four hinder legs, which legs are very near the head.
A sting in the joint of the neck is not admissible: it would injure the cervical ganglia and lead to death, followed by putrefaction.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "ganglia" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
