It was easy to see that the so much admired faience of Italy was simply common baked clay, covered with some substance glazed by heat, but so composed as to adhere to the surface after it had cooled.
The kind of work called majolica differed from the earlier faience by some changes in the material used for the enamel.
He then began to decorate his faience with objects modelled from nature, such as animals, shells, leaves, and branches.
Several kinds of faienceare distinguished by critics.
True faience is made of a yellowish or ruddy earth, covered with an enamel which is usually white, but may be coloured.
The faience industry found many followers, but its products all bore the somewhat sombre impress of the cha-no-yu (tea ceremonial) canons.
The butter shone egg yellow in a serpentine dish with screw cover that stood in a fragment of Henry II faience filled with ice, the crackers lay on a lattice-braided dish of Marieberg and the sardels were on a saucer of blue mottled Nevers.
In the shell of the coffin there were a few miniature blue faience beads.
Lying on the bottom of the coffin was a blue faience scaraboid bead (Pl.
Contents:--A ka-hetep amulet and necklace of blue faience (Pl.
Hyksos period; a turquoise blue glass cowroid bead; and a blue faience scaraboid bead (Pl.
With them was a small blue faience kohl-pot of usual type.
Embedded in the wrappings, at the small of the back, was a blue faience hippopotamus (Pl.
Their funerary objects were glazed faience bowls of several colours, such as many different blues, violets, &c.
In the wrappings near the neck of the mummy were some faience and bone beads.
The faience made here has never taken so high a place as that made at the other fabriques I have mentioned.
It was inevitable that the early faience of Nevers should bear a likeness to that which had grown up so rapidly in Italy, and had impressed itself so vividly upon the artistic mind of Europe.
It may be said that long before Holland attempted the production of porcelain she had been making faience or earthen-ware, which is now well known under the name of delft, of which I have given a condensed account elsewhere.
At the present time a number of factories are busily at work there, among which is that of Haviland and Company, whose faience will be mentioned elsewhere.
Some of the marks on the faience are like those on the porcelain which was made here for a short time; these were an "H.
Before this, faience or pottery was made there, and at Roerstrand, as early as 1727.
The paste of the Rouen faience is stronger than that of Delft, and the pieces I have seen show a reddish clay through the breaks of the enamel.
At the present time there is a very considerable production of faience at Nevers, much of which is only the imitations or reproductions of that made in the earlier centuries.
In faience and terra-cotta they have arrived at great excellence.
The Kioto is a faience of a weaker body than the Satsuma, and running more to a lemon-yellow.
The Satsuma faience is made of a rich, creamy paste, and is thicker than most porcelain; but it is delicious in tone and delightful in decoration.
It was at this period that most of the beautiful glass, faience and metal work that enriches the sacristies was produced, and then that the finest ecclesiastical buildings were erected.
Cretan coffins, and thefaience industry of Cnossus.
It is a wood, an infinite wood, out of which here and there roofs of yellow faience emerge.
At last, however, the artificial mountain of the imperial park is silhouetted in gray on the sky ahead of us, with the little faience kiosks and the twisted trees grouping themselves like scenes painted on lacquer.
At the foot of the dungeon which crowns these rocks is the kiosk of faience and marble where the "big devil" dwells.
The roofs of green faience touched with gilt and the openwork walls shine forth with new and costly ornamentation from amid the dusty green of the old cedars.
And every time each gate in the red walls with the yellow faience tops closed behind us, as in horrible dreams the doors of a series of passageways close upon one, nevermore to permit one to go out.
There are also wooded hills where kiosks of faience rise among the cedars; in spite of their height, it is plain that they are artificial.
But the sun is now lower, and lights only the extreme tips of the faience roofs and the thousands of small monsters of yellow enamel which seem to be chasing one another over the tiling.
Opposite the faience screen is an altar of rough-hewn marble, whose brutal simplicity is in striking contrast to the splendors of the temple and the avenue.
Bracquemond had the faculty of employing the faience colors so well that she produced a clearness and richness not attained by other artists.
The progress made in the Haviland faience in the seventies was very largely due to Mme.
Above this is glass tile or glazed tile, and above the tile is a faience or terra-cotta cornice.
The faiencevase from the Corcoran Art Gallery (Fig.
The faience workshop of Luneville was founded about 1729, by Jacques Chambrette.
Faience vases are mounted in bronze and brightly burnished brass, and derive a new character from the association.
One of the best specimens of this faience was a fireplace (Fig.
No faience of the eighteenth century was more rich and artistic than that of Rouen.
So closely did the work resemble niello in metal that the name "Faience a Niellure" was given to the ware (Fig.
Faience is like an oil painting: it demands that the whole surface be covered.
In studying the finest work of the old masters of faience we see that the technique is something very different from what Staffordshire has made it.
Those who have carefully watched the slow but sure growth of this art faience of Copenhagen will have come to realize how surely the potter has put his foot on a new plane and established something that is characteristic and original.
At Copenhagen, therefore, the manufacture of faience at a porcelain factory was a leap into the unknown.
Another breaks new ground, and its square hexagonal surfaces require a touch of geometric ornament, rarely found in Copenhagen faience (illustrated, p.
To-day in Copenhagen itself English faience transfer-printed in blue stands as a trade imitation and a tribute to the genius and originality of its prototype.
It is not high art to attempt to make faience simulate porcelain, any more than it is when wall paper pretends to be marble, or leather, or tapestry.
Whereas in the porcelain there is delicate artistry and finesse, in the faience there is breadth and vivacity of colour schemes.
The inception and development of this art faience of Copenhagen is due to Mr. Frederik Dalgas, who brought a keen and virile intuition into this new field of ceramic adventure.
The earliest examples of the Copenhagen faience suggest that the old Italian majolica models had lingered in the memory of the potters making their essay into a new domain.
The faience is not a poor kinsman of the porcelain.
This faience has been fired with such care that it is able to support the high temperature of a porcelain kiln without damage.
An inscription upon the wood is surrounded by faience ornament of a very rich colour.
To the same branch of industry belong those tiles of enamelled faience which seem to have been used by the Egyptians from very early times.
The cheapest rings had bezels of faience or schist covered with enamel.
Most of them are purely decorative in character and bear designs of which an idea may be gained from three pieces of faience which are now in the British Museum.
Most of the finest pieces of enamelled faience were the work of artists at the Tadeno factory, while the best specimens of other kinds were by the artists of Tatsumonji.
In point of fact, the production of faience decorated with gold and coloured enamels may be said to have commenced at the beginning of the eighth century in Satsuma.
To this increase in production and to the more elaborate application of verifiable enamels may be attributed the erroneous idea that Satsuma faience decorated with gold and coloured enamels had its origin at the close of the 18th century.
The formerfaience had its origin at the close of the 17th century, the latter at the close of the 18th; but the Izumo-yaki now procurable is a modern production.
In short, the artistic output of Chinese kilns in their palmiest days was, not faience or pottery, but porcelain, whether of soft or hard paste.
Banko faienceis a universal favourite with foreign collectors.
If we except the ware of Satsuma, it may be said that nearly all the fine faience of Japan was manufactured formerly in Kioto.
Every year large quantities of porcelain and faience are sent from the provinces to the capital to receive surface decoration, and in wealth of design as well as carefulness of execution the results are praiseworthy.
Some of this ware bears the mark of a cross, and was called "Faience a la Croix.
This faience was a ware of natural cream-colored clay, and upon it was tooled a flat design the hollows of which were filled in with darker clays that were afterward covered with a lead glaze.
Now many persons think that it was this Bernard who was the maker of the now famous Henri Deux ware, or Faience d'Orion.
But before we talk of him I am going to tell you just a little about the Henri Deux ware, sometimes known as Faience d'Orion.
Hence you will find some china collectors calling it Henri Deux ware, and others speaking of it asFaience d'Orion; while still others refer to it as Saint Porchaire.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "faience" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
