Spasmodic wry-neck# is the term applied to a condition in which clonic contractions of certain muscles produce jerkings of the head.
Clonic contraction of the facial muscles (histrionic spasm) occasionally results from irritative lesions in the cortex or pons.
In a few cases clonic spasms of the muscles of the neck may be present.
The calf, hip, knee, and back-muscles are affected byclonic spasm, causing springing or jumping movements when the patient attempts to stand.
Kauffmann expresses the opinion that the noises were due to clonic spasm of the tensor velum palati, and states that under appropriate treatment the tinnitus gradually subsided.
In strychnin poisoning, for example, the spasms come on immediately after the patient has taken a toxic dose of the drug; they are clonic in character, but the muscles are relaxed between the fits.
To this permanent tonic contraction of the muscles there are soon added clonic spasms.
As the toxin spreads it causes both motor hyper-tonus and hyper-excitability, which accounts for the tonic contraction and the clonic spasms characteristic of tetanus.
The clonic spasms may be so severe as to rupture muscles or even to fracture one of the long bones.
Clonic spasms of the upper part of the body are said to have occurred.
The man showed a paraplegia withclonic movements of exaggerated degree.
Every time he was examined there was an emotional explosion, with expressions of anguish, generalized tremors and crises of clonic convulsions with respiratory disturbance even of threatening suffocation, depression of pulse.
Tonic and clonic contractions were produced by the efforts made to straighten the foot, and these contractions passed from the right side to the left.
There was a true clonic and tonic spasm of these muscles.
These tics are usually observed in and about the head, involving the sternomastoid, trapezius, and platysma muscles to produce clonic contractions of the neck.
Re tics, the tonic or postural tic is, according to Roussy and Lhermitte, much less common than clonic or spasmodic movements, which are Shell-shock phenomena like tremors and usually yield to psychotherapy if treated early.
Now and then a clonic spasm was induced by such passive movements.
The arms would be raised and extended in clonic spasm; the patient would resist violently if held, and then turn to his right side with rigid extension of legs and back in opisthotonos.
The clonic and tonic convulsions are reminders of his states of extreme fright, a phenomenon of revival of the ideo-affective process, aggravated however by the oniric or post-oniric images.
There was now a clonic tremor of the legs as soon as the weight of the body was put on them.
This arm May 21 was still very painful and then began to make involuntary movements in the shape of incessant clonic contractions.
During the next few months there was a gradual change from this tonic to a clonic stage, in which the movements were of less frequent occurrence, but more rapid.
Clonic spasms of the face are occasionally a sequel to local traumatism--that is to say, they are the result not of direct but of reflex excitation of the facial nerve.
Eyelid tics (says Parinaud[65]) are known to ophthalmologists as clonic blepharospasms.
On this occasion, however, the tic was an intermittent one, consisting of clonic contractions of the cervical muscles chiefly, without antagonistic gesture.
It is because clonic tics are so easily recognised that they are the most familiar, but we must not ignore another variety--viz.
For our part, we can raise no valid objection to the specification of tics as convulsive, provided always that the existence of clonic convulsive tics and of tonic convulsive tics be recognised.
The terms blepharospasm and blepharoclonus, sometimes applied to tonic and to clonic involuntary palpebral contractions respectively, ought to be strictly reserved for spasms and contractures properly so called.
The duration of a clonic tic convulsion may be exceedingly brief, though perhaps not so brief as the instantaneous "electric" twitches of a spasm, which have the extreme rapidity of pure reflex phenomena.
Cruchet, for instance, describes indifferently as labial tic or intermittent labial hemispasm clonic elevation or depression of the oral aperture developing in central facial paralysis, especially in children.
On the other hand, there can be no doubt of the existence of definite tics of walking--widely varying functional derangements of tonic or clonic type, distinguished by the unexpected interruption of ambulatory rhythm.
The clonic nature of the spasms and the entire absence of trismus serve to distinguish it from tetanus.
The same physical cause that occasions rigidity, when acting less intensely or when a special susceptibility of the nervous system exists, also excites clonic convulsions.
Paralysis, it may be inferred from the statements already made, is an incident of this disease, for an excess of the action causing tonic or clonic spasm must induce paralysis.
More remarkable still may be the subsultus tendinum of low fever, the opisthotonos of tetanus, the respiratory spasms of hydrophobia, or the clonic movements of epileptic, hysterical, or occasional convulsions.
There are, besides, during a paroxysm, general muscular trembling and clonicspasms of the muscles of the trunk and extremities.
Trismus is not uncommon, and clonicspasms frequently affect the limbs.
In clonic spasm, the muscles or muscular fibers contract and relax alternately in very quick succession.
In both, the tonic with clonic convulsions were observed after a sufficient quantity of caffein was administered.
Parisot found, however, that muscular rigidity developed, although very gradually, also in the green frog, but it set in much later than in frogs of the other species and without superseding the clonic convulsions.
Clonic spasms developed in both subjects soon after caffein was given, but in each rabbit the side operated upon remained paralyzed.
He never observed tetanus in frogs, but reported tonic andclonic convulsions as a result of caffein poisoning in mammals.
We failed to observe this phenomenon after the administration of large amounts of caffein to very young dogs, in which tonic andclonic convulsions alternating with paresis were observed.
Symptoms other than cerebral are chilliness of the body, inclination to fainting, clonic convulsions, and a want of co-ordination of the muscles of the lower extremities.
The poison produces excitation of the central apparatus of the medulla oblongata and clonic convulsions analogous to those produced by picrotoxin, toxiresin, and cicutoxin.
Dilatation of the pupils is frequent, but not constant; there may be convulsions, both of a clonic and tonic character, before death, but fibrillar twitchings are seldom.
In eight hours after taking the strychnine, there were first observed some clonic convulsive movements of the hands, and, in a less degree, the legs.
The sleepy condition of the frog is not noticed, and the chief symptoms are clonic convulsions with dilatation of the pupils, the convulsions passing into death, without a noticeable paralytic stage.
Finally, on the application of a very strong current, the typical fit was produced with clonic spasms in all the body, unconsciousness, nystagmus, and rigidity of the pupils.
Degenerates manifest a fairly varied series of involuntary motions,--twitchings of the muscles, as in chorea, tonic and clonic convulsions and tremors.
If the patient lives more than two or three days the tonic spasm partly gives way to increased reflex irritability, in which a noise, jar, or draught of air may give rise to clonic and tonic spasms in the muscles affected.
In some cases a marked sensitiveness remains for a time in the limbs struck, so that if touched they are immediately thrown into clonic spasms.
Clonic spasms of the whole body and convulsive movements of the limbs are not very infrequent.
In this period the individual gasps deeply, the pupils are dilated, the sphincters paralyzed, and the limbs are agitated by clonic convulsions.
Sometimes there follows a general tremor which may last a few hours or for days, and occasionally a clonic rhythmical spasm of one or more extremities.
When seen first, reaction was slowly taking place, the entire muscular system was in clonic convulsions.
Certain accessory movements, which tend to become stereotyped in each individual and which consist of tonic and clonic conditions of other muscles not involved in normal speech, accompany these asynergies.
They are not accompanied by blanching, by clonic or tonic movements of any kind, they last for uncertain periods ranging from five minutes to an hour or more, and consciousness does not seem to be totally lost.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "clonic" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
