When properly treated, alkalinity, hardness and causticity should be in the approximate relation of 6, 5 and 4.
Alkalinity and causticity are tested with a standard solution of sulphuric acid.
When too much lime is used in the treatment, the causticity in the purified water, as indicated by the acid test, will be nearly equal to the alkalinity.
The total acid added in determining both causticity and alkalinity in this case is the measure of the alkalinity.
If too little lime is used, thecausticity will fall to approximately half the alkalinity.
The alkalinity may be determined from the same sample tested for causticity by the coloring with methylorange and adding the acid until the sample is on the point of turning red.
I was for a time in expectation that you would return into Jersey, as the scene of military operations was directed to your part of the world, and would unavoidably drive you from your study and repose.
Some think absence tends to increase affection; the greater part that it wears it away.
Other temporary phrases of this nature were equally in vogue, nor have they escaped the vigilant causticity of Jonson.
But I am very far from thinking that thecausticity of quick-lime is at all owing to this circumstance.
Its causticity may be tempered by the addition of one eighth of starch or rye flour, so as to form a soft paste, which being laid upon the hairy spot for a few minutes, usually carries away the hairs with it.
The chief reason for this practice is, however, to be found in the more complete causticity of the weak than of the strong lyes, according to the slovenly way in which most of our soap-boilers prepare them.
Rousseau lay too open to the unlicensed causticity of his accuser.
I refer the reader to a postscript of his "Dedication to the Freethinkers," for a curious specimen of supercilious causticity in his description of Lord Kaimes as a critic, and Akenside as "The Poet!
A strange repartee has preserved the causticity of his wit.
The alkalis do, however, acquire some degree of causticity in a strong fire, as appears from their being more easily united with spirit of wine after having been kept in fusion for some time.
He regretted, with some causticity of humor, that her father should show such inequalities of temperament as to keep Grace tightly on his arm to-day, when he had quite lately seemed anxious to recognize their betrothal as a fact.
