A probe-pointed bistoury to be introduced into the elbow-joint in front of the humerus, and then behind and carried upwards, so as to divide the upper capsular attachments in front and behind.
The whole joint is sealed in by a band or ribbonlike ligament (capsular ligament) extending around the joint and attached at the outer edge of the articular surface, uniting the bones and hermetically sealing the cavities of the articulation.
The synovial membrane, and in fact the whole structure of the joint, is susceptible to injury and serious inflammatory derangement, and the capsularligament is liable to be distended from excessive secretion of synovia.
It was suggested by Morrant Baker that cystic swellings may result from the hernial protrusion of the synovial membrane between the stretched fibres of the capsular ligament, and the name "Baker's cysts" has been applied to these.
Arthropathies are occasionally met with, the joints becoming the seat of a painless effusion or hydrops, which is followed by fibrous thickening of the capsular and other ligaments, and terminates in stiffness and fibrous ankylosis.
A striking feature is the extensive formation of new bone in the capsular ligament and surrounding muscles.
The capsular ligament, except in hydrops, is the seat of connective-tissue overgrowth, and tends to become contracted and rigid.
The infection may spread to the adjacent joint, either directly through the epiphysis and articular cartilage, or along the deep layer of the periosteum and its continuation--the capsular ligament.
Cysts of joints constitute an ill-defined group which includes ganglia formed in relation to the capsular ligament.
In Charcot's disease, bodies composed of bone are formed in relation to the capsular and other ligaments, and may be made to grate upon one another.
After removal from its capsular covering, the vesicle consists of a thick laminated membrane, forming the so-called cuticular layer, and a central granular mass, which subsequently becomes enveloped by a delicate granular membrane.
The Hunterian Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons contains the original “worms found alive within the capsular ligaments of the knee-joint of a kangaroo,” which have been indicated as Filariæ macropodis gigantei.
The capsular ligament of the joint was then divided, and the bone with difficulty turned over from behind, forwards.
The articulating surfaces become ulcerated, and matter forms within the capsular ligament; or the pus is deposited exteriorly to the joint, and gradually approaches the surface.
When matter has accumulated, a portion of the capsular ligament generally ulcerates, the pus escapes, and is ultimately discharged externally.
Fracture is much more frequently met with outside of the capsular ligament, generally passing obliquely through the trochanters, and communicating with fissures in various directions.
If purulent matter is effused externally, and communicate with the joint, the capsular ligament will be found to have ulcerated and given way at certain points, forming apertures, usually of small size, and with ragged margins.
A small opaque spot is observed on the capsule of the lens, which remains through life a central spurious capsular cataract.
The weakest part of the capsular ligament lies opposite the lower and back part of the joint.
The risks to life in the aged are similar to those of intra-capsular fracture.
In either, the size of the fragment varies, but the line of fracture is partly extra-capsular and partly intra-capsular, so that the joint is always involved.
There may be considerable formation of new bone, giving rise to large tumour-like masses in relation to the capsular ligament and the muscles surrounding the joint.
The nature of the accident, the absence of broadening of the trochanter, and the adduction and inversion of the limb are usually sufficient to prevent a dislocation being mistaken for an impacted extra-capsular fracture.
Osseous union is the exception in intra-capsular fracture, especially when the periosteum and the retinacular ligaments have been completely torn, but in sub-periosteal and in impacted fractures it sometimes occurs.
Thus, unnatural mobility at an epiphysial junction may closely resemble movement at the adjacent joint, especially when the epiphysis is an intra-capsular one.
The capsular and other ligaments are slack, so that the joint is unstable and easily hyper-extended.
The inertia of the arm, left behind as it were, supplied the power, while the ruptured capsular ligament and displacement of the head of the bone would represent the work done.
Almost all the muscles of the thigh existed, and the main attachment to the pelvis was by a large capsular articulation.
Capsular osmotic growth, the two valves separated showing the colloidal contents.
When a large capsular shell such as we have described bursts, it expels a part or the whole of its contents as a gelatinous mass which retains the form of the cavity.
For example, in the case of a suppurating corn, in quittor, in tread, or in the case of a suppurating wound caused by a prick, the pus formed may in many instances be very near the capsular ligament of the articulation.
The capsular ligament was considerably lacerated and inflamed, causing slight effusion and swelling about the region of the coronet.
The capsular ligament of the joint is penetrated by the suppurative process, and a condition of septic arthritis results.
The tendon of the biceps has evidently sunk through the capsule into the joint, and even when it is intra-capsular there is usually a double fold connecting its sheath of synovial membrane with that lining the capsule.
Nodding the head occurs at the occipito-atlantal joint, which consists of the two occipital condyles received into the cup-shaped articular facets on the atlas and surrounded by capsular ligaments.
The tendon of the popliteus muscle is an intra-capsular structure, and is therefore covered with a synovial sheath.
The neural arches of the vertebrae articulate one with another by the articular facets, each of which has a capsular ligament.
The female catkins are much shorter and erect, and the ripe capsular fruits burst in June, setting free seeds which are covered with a cottony down.
Fruit dry, capsular or follicular, the styles or tips of the carpels distinct.
The protoplasm which surrounds the vesicular nuclei acts as a sort of cement substance, holding them together in the form of a capsular membrane round the young ovum.
This capsular membrane is the first appearance of the membrana granulosa.
The family has usually capsular fruits and black seeds, and the narcissus and amaryllis of our gardens are well-known members.
Ovules numerous in each cell; fruit 3-celled, capsular or baccate; leaves linear-lanceolate.
In dense capsular membranes following removal of a lens by discission in which a cutting needle cannot make a hole.
In congenital cataract when the lens consists of little more than a dense capsular mass.
The femeropatella ligaments are two thin bands which reinforce the capsular ligament.
The posterior part of the capsular ligament of the hock joint is very thick in its most dependent portions and is in part cartilaginous, forming a suitable groove for the passage of the deep flexor tendon.
The anterior portion of the capsular ligament forms sheaths for the extensor tendons, and both portions of the joint have an attachment around the distal end of the radius and another at the proximal end of the metacarpal bones.
Wounds to the patellar region are of rather frequent occurrence, and because of the comparatively unprotected position of these structures, the capsular ligaments of the stifle joint may be perforated as a result of violence in some form.
The cul-de-sac of the capsular ligament of the fetlock joint which extends upward between the bifurcation of the suspensory ligament is the most frequently affected structure in this region.
Where the capsularligament is perforated and the condition becomes one of open joint, then a special wound treatment becomes necessary.
Unlike synovitis, which may characterize a non-infectious penetrative wound of the capsular ligament, septic arthritis which may supervene is a very painful inflammatory disturbance.
The capsular ligament of the elbow joint is usually involved in the injury because fracture of the ulna may directly extend within the capsular ligament.
Showing point of view which may be most advantageously taken by the diagnostician in examining for distension of the capsular ligament of the tarsal joint.
On the anterior face of the bones, the capsular ligament is attached to the carpal bones in such manner that an imperfect partitioning of the three joint compartments is formed.
The capsular ligament surrounding this joint is very large and admits of free and extensive movement of the articulation.
Where a complete luxation of the metacarpophalangeal joint exists, it is probable that in most cases sufficient injury to collateral and capsular ligaments has been done to render complete recovery improbable, if not impossible.
There may possibly be other Cromyosphaerida, in which the shell is composed of one simple medullary and three cortical shells, or only of four extra-capsular cortical shells; but such have not as yet been observed.
The gemmules orcapsular buds of the Polycyttaria were first accurately described by Richard Hertwig (L.
The gemmules or capsular buds (hitherto described as "extracapsular bodies") are developed on the surface of young central capsules before these had secreted a membrane.
There was no appearance of inflammation, however, on the exterior of the capsular ligament.
On opening the capsularligament of the right knee-joint, about six ounces of thin purulent matter escaped, and the cartilages of the femur and tibia were extensively eroded.
A genus of solanaceous plants, with large funnel-shaped flowers and a four-celled, capsular fruit.
In the year 1830, and before that period, Sir Astley Cooper had taught the doctrine of non-union in cases of intra-capsular fracture, and it was generally accepted as an established principle at that time.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "capsular" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
