The ribs connect with the spinal column behind, and all but the two lowest ones connect with the sternum in front, and, by so doing, inclose the thoracic cavity.
They form joints with the spinal column, but connect with the sternum by strips of cartilage.
A median ossification back of the lophosteon in the sternum of some birds.
In other cases it arches downwards and forwards, and is attached by dense fibrous tissue to the first thoracic rib about the level of the scalene tubercle, or to the sternum by cartilage like an ordinary rib.
In the backward dislocation the end of the clavicle lies behind the manubrium sterni and the muscles attached to it; there is a marked hollow in the position of the joint, and the facet on the sternum can be felt.
The only way to afford relief is to expose the gland and withdraw it from behind the sternum by making traction on its capsule.
The recognition of a fracture of the sternumshould always raise the suspicion of a fracture of the spine.
As the trachea passes down the neck, it gradually recedes from the surface, till at the level of the sternum it lies about an inch and a half from the skin.
It extends upwards as far as the hyoid bone and base of the mandible, and downwards as far as the sternum and clavicle.
In advanced cases the ribs become approximated, and the lower end of the sternum is projected forward.
The result has been in each case nearly the same, the sternum being invariably found to be shorter than in the wild rock-pigeon.
Hence it follows that the crest exhibits a slight, though uncertain, tendency to become reduced in prominence in a greater degree than does the length of the sternum relatively to the size of body, in comparison with the rock-pigeon.
The degree of convexity of the posterior part of the sternum differs much, being sometimes almost perfectly flat.
I have also measured in twenty-one birds, including the above dozen, the prominence of the crest of the sternum relatively to its length, independently of the size of the body.
This table shows that in these twelve breeds the sternum is on an average one-third of an inch (exactly .
The wing-bones, however, in both these breeds, are found to be slightly reduced in length when judged by the standard of the length of the sternum or head, relatively to these same parts in G.
The sternum has seven joints, and nine ribs reach it.
The sternumhas six pieces, and seven ribs reach it.
The sternum has a strong crest, associated with a powerful development of the pectoral muscles, so necessary to a burrowing animal.
There are fourteen dorsal vertebrae, of which nine are united to the nine-jointed sternum by ribs.
Each segment of the sternum (of which there are eight) is separated from the next by a synovial membrane: and it has on either side two facets for articulation with the ribs.
The ribs are double-headed, and thesternum is made up of several pieces.
The way in {169} which these latter bones are connected with the sternum is curiously like their mode of connexion with the spinal column at their other end.
The sternum resembles that of Anomalopteryx, but the pelvis is much wider and approaches that of Pachyornis.
Sternum with coracoid pits faintly indicated or absent; length less than breadth.
In fact the most striking characters of this sternum are the large size of the bouclier, the large size of the lateral notches, and the shape of the keel, whose anterior angle is not much produced in front.
The sternum is flat and very broad and short, with no coracoidal facets, a very small xiphisternal notch, broad and short costal processes, and widely divergent lateral processes; while there are only two costal articulations.
The original description of the sternum is as follows:--"It belongs to a species small in size, barely as large as T.
Sternum very convex, and with a very nearly straight anterior border between the tuberosities for the coracoscapular ligaments.
The sternum presents many affinities to that of Apteryx.
The breadth of the sternum shows that, as in Mammals, the fore part of the body must have been fully twice the width of the region of the hip-girdle, where the slenderer hind limbs were attached.
Von Meyer found in Rhamphorhynchus on each side of the sternum a separate lateral plate with six pairs of sternal ribs, which unite the sternum with the dorsal ribs, as in the young of some birds.
The sternum in Ornithostoma was about four and a half inches long by less than five and a half inches wide.
The sternum in both has a manubrium, or thick keel mass, prolonged in front of its articular facets for the coracoid bones, which are well separated from each other.
The hinder surface of the sternum is imperfectly preserved in the toothless Pterodactyles of Kansas.
The sternum is much wider than long, and no specimens give evidence of a manubrium.
The sternum in German Pterodactyles is most nearly comparable to these birds.
The sternum of the Balaena consists of a broad, flattened, heart-shaped or oval presternum.
The muscles of the chest are developed in proportion, and the sternum has a medial ridge something like that of a bird.
The wing-bones, however, in both these breeds, are found to be slightly reduced in length when judged by the standard of the length of the sternum or head, relatively to these same parts in G.
Depth of Crest of Sternum (in inches and decimals.
Hence it follows that the crest exhibits a slight, though uncertain, tendency to be reduced in prominence in a greater degree than does the length of the sternum relatively to the size of body, in comparison with the rock-pigeon.
A long incision was made from the superior extremity of the sternum to the pubis, followed by a transverse incision crossing the abdomen, just below the umbilicus.
The sternum in this bird seemed to us to be remarkably short, between which and the anus lay the crop, or craw, and immediately behind that the bowels against the back-bone.
Sternum almost always composed of several pieces, placed one behind the other, with which several pairs of ribs are connected by well-developed cartilaginous or ossified sternal ribs.
Sternum short and broad, and consisting of a single segment only.
The sternum is composed of a single piece, and articulates only with a single pair of ribs; and there are no ossified sternal ribs.
Sternum elongated, composed of two segments, with four sternal ribs attached.
This condition is permanent in the Ornithodelphia, except that the anterior part of the sternum undergoes atrophy.
The observations of Goette, which tend to shew the keel of the sternum is really an interclavicle, appear to me of great importance.
A Monograph on the Structure and Development of the Shoulder-girdle and Sternum in the Vertebrata.
The Mammalian presternum (manubrium sterni) and xiphosternum have the same origin as the main body of the sternum (Ruge, No.
The carapace of this species is also convex; the sternum is also movable behind: it is generally olive-coloured.
The lowest two are called floating ribs, as they are not connected either with the sternum or the other ribs.
If there is any adherence of the sternum a slight twist will be sufficient to remove it.
Devergie[668] cites such a case where the depressed portion of the sternum produced a transverse non-penetrating wound of the heart about an inch in length, which had caused death in thirteen days.
Simple fracture of the sternum without displacement of the fragments is rarely serious unless injury of the thoracic viscera is produced by the same violence.
Raise the sternum with the left hand and separate it from the underlying parts.
The sternum sawn through the middle permitted the hand to be introduced into the cavity without destroying any part of the thoracic walls.
Riley holds that the hypopharynx belongs to the mandibular and maxillary segments, while the cervical sclerites or gula represent the sternum of the labial segment.
The ejaculatory duct which opens on the ninth abdominal sternum in the adult male arises in the tenth abdominal embryonic segment and subsequently moves forward.
From the foregoing, it appears that the Annisquam specimen probably had one or two vertebrae less than bidens or europaeus, and that the sternum was somewhat differently shaped.
The form of the sternum is quite variable in all cetaceans, and can not be relied on for specific characters, without comparison of many individuals.
Similar to sternum of Barnegat skeleton, but manubrium scarcely wider than long; posterior notch much longer than anterior, with parallel sides.
The sternum presents no differences of importance from that of M.
Resembles thesternum of the Barnegat skeleton rather than that of Newport skeleton, but anterior parts cartilaginous.
The sternum of this specimen presents few points of interest.
The sternum has a well-developed keel, and the scapula and coracoid are large and bird-like.
The sternum is rhomboidal, and may either be cartilaginous or formed of cartilage bone, but never of membrane bone; it differs from that of birds also in the fact that it does not ossify from two or more centres.
Strictly speaking the jaws, visceral skeleton, ribs and sternum do not form part of the axis, but it is convenient to group them as parts of the axial skeleton.
Further back is the long sternum proper, while last comes the xiphisternum, a broad expanded plate of cartilage.
There are no sternal ribs, and the sternumis very intimately related to the pectoral girdle.
The sternum frequently remains wholly cartilaginous, especially in Lacertilia; sometimes it becomes calcified, but true ossification does not as a rule take place.
Those which reach the sternum are nearly always divided into vertebral, sternal, and intermediate portions, and as a rule only the vertebral portion is completely ossified.
The sternum has a median keel, and the anterior limbs are in the great majority of cases adapted for flight.
In the shoulder-girdle the coracoids are large and meet in a ventral symphysis; precoracoids and a sternum are apparently absent, but parts generally regarded[71] as the clavicles and interclavicle are well developed.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "sternum" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
