I have, however, been able to show that the transmission in the plant is not a mechanical phenomenon, but a propagation of excitatory protoplasmic change.
The negative impulse is due to the comparatively slow propagation of the excitatory protoplasmic change, which brings about a diminution of turgor in the pulvinus and fall of the responding leaflet.
We should, in this connection, bear in mind the fact that, growth is dependent on protoplasmic activity, and the variation of turgor itself is also determined by that activity.
The conduction of excitation, as in a nerve, is a different process of transmission of protoplasmic change.
In the plant the necessary condition for transmission of excitation to a distance is that the conducting tissue should be possessed of protoplasmic continuity in a greater or less degree.
The conduction of excitation consists, on the other hand, of propagation of excitatory protoplasmic change.
The protoplasmic mass began to spread out limbs (Anga).
The first moving protoplasmicmass had too much of unruliness in it, and it was not therefore fitted for yajna or evolution.
But, happily, the protoplasmic peau de chagrin differs from Balzac's in its capacity of being repaired, and brought back to its full size, after every exertion.
When viewed with a sufficiently high magnifying power, the protoplasmic layer of the nettle hair is seen to be in a condition of unceasing activity.
There is a livingprotoplasmic layer or primordial utricle, connected either by two broad bands or by a number of anastomosing threads with a central mass of protoplasm in which the nucleus is embedded.
The protoplasmic contents of this siliceous box-like unicell are very similar to the contents of many other algal cells.
It is not improbable that the atoms of their molecules as well as those from the proteids are built up into the protoplasmic substance of the tissues.
The digestive organs have to deal with an enormous variety of compound bodies, from which to obtain the elements necessary for protoplasmic upkeep and activity.
This peculiarity of structure affords ample scope for the growth of the protoplasmic cell-contents, for as the latter increase in volume the siliceous valves are pushed out, and their corresponding siliceous rims become broader.
The circulation or movement of protoplasmicgranules within a living vegetable cell.
Could it be a widely diffused medium of thisprotoplasmic material, not yet specialized or individualized into organic forms, nor itself yet in a condition to build up inorganic skeletons for a habitation?
But so is all theprotoplasmic matter of which the lowest animals are found.
He spoke of 'a living expanse of protoplasmic substance,' penetrating with its living substance the 'whole mass' of the oceanic mud.
More revolutionary still in its effects was the epoch-making discovery of the protoplasmic cell as the common element of life in the plant and animal world, made by the Germans Schleiden and Schwann (1838).
Now it is known that the protoplasmic cell contains a nucleus and a surrounding body.
These developed directly and normally, although, in the case of the frog, there was a slight defect at the ventral posterior part of the body, where the arrested protoplasmic mass came to lie.
In the one and the other method of division the nuclei are brought into relation with different regions of the protoplasmic mass, and are united with these regions to form cellular individuals.
For every piece that he had cut from the monsters, every protoplasmic ribbon was reorganizing before his eyes into the semblance of a new creature.
It has therefore canalized an activity which was originally diffused in the protoplasmic mass.
Not only does chemistry make organic syntheses, but we have succeeded in reproducing artificially the external appearance of certain facts of organization, such as indirect cell-division andprotoplasmic circulation.
As the nervous activity has emerged from the protoplasmic mass in which it was almost drowned, it has had to summon around itself activities of all kinds for its support.
Some investigators are now inclined to the opinion that protoplasmic continuity may be of universal occurrence in plants.
Carefully made specimens of the soft tissues of many plants have shown a similar protoplasmic continuity, where it had previously been unsuspected.
In the monocotyledons (endogens) these procambium strands change completely into wood and bast, and so losing all their protoplasmic cambium, become incapable of further growth.
The growth of the wood of exogenous trees takes place thru the ability, already noted, of protoplasmic cells to divide.
The human spermatozoon consists of a flattened head which has a thin protoplasmic cap extending down two-thirds of its length.
Without the spiral filament, along the middle piece, is the mitochondria, a finely granular protoplasmic layer.
The first is the lowest state--Archaic or protoplasmic life.
Next an opening forms where the two cells are in contact, and the contents of one cell pass over into the other, where the two protoplasmic bodies coalesce, contract, and develop a cell-wall.
Why this should be we do not know; all that we can do is to guess that there is some physical or chemical want which is only supplied through the union of the two protoplasmic masses.
But, happily, the protoplasmic peau de chagrin differs from Balzac's in its capacity of being repaired, and brought back to its full size, after every exertion.
In simple cells like the leucocytes, reproduction may take place by simple fission, thus: a constriction appears in the nucleus and in the body of the cell in the same line, and the two divide without any visible protoplasmic changes.
The process is continued until the ring closes in the middle, cutting the protoplasmic body completely in two, and forms a firm membrane across the middle of the cell.
Some of these cells contain a few scattered chloroplasts in the very thin, protoplasmic layer lining their walls, but the cells are almost completely filled with colorless cell sap.
The cell wall shows the same thing though in a less degree, owing to its being much more rigid than the protoplasmic lining.
At this end there is a long vibratile protoplasmic filament (c), by means of which the cell moves.
The rods and cones of the retina are due to purely chance variations, impressed by some chemical or physical causes completely unknown on the germinal protoplasmic substance.
And if in cell-division there is any continuity of protoplasmic power, the faculty of producing diverse co-operating cells would be transmitted.
They are the cells which have been differentiated and set apart for the special work of reproduction, as others have been differentiated and set apart for other protoplasmic functions.
It seems probable, however, that these cells, separate as they seem, are in some cases united to each other by minute protoplasmic filaments.
For myself, I prefer to take my stand on protoplasmic unity and cellular continuity.
The common medium of the blood, protoplasmic continuity, the influence of the products of chemical or organic change,--these are well enough as vague suggestions.
But the reproductive cells are set apart; they take no share in the differentiation, but remain virtually unchanged, and continue unaltered the protoplasmic tradition of the original ovum.
On any view of the origin of the metazoa, this diverse or developmental reproduction is a new protoplasmic faculty; on any view, it must have been transmitted, for otherwise the metazoa would have ceased to exist.
The constructive products of protoplasmic activity seem for the most part to be lodged in the spaces between the network of formative protoplasm.
It is true that in some cases, as in that of peripatus, as interpreted by Mr. Adam Sedgwick, the cells of the embryo run together or remain continuous as a diffused protoplasmic mass with several or many nuclei.
It is probable that this more fluid material is an explosive, elaborated through the vital activity of the protoplasmic network.
The latter develop in manifold variety, into skin and nerve, muscle and blood, gut and gland; they differentiate, and lose almost all protoplasmic likeness to the mother ovum.
The receptors attached to the living protoplasmic molecule attract the toxin, just as a lightning-rod attracts the lightning.
The animal pole is a small grey protoplasmic area, the germinal area (g.
The ovum has, in fact, undergone cell division into a very large cell containing most of its substance, and a small protoplasmic pimple surrounding half of its nucleus.
In the yolk are seen yolk-spherules in a protoplasmic network.
Small portion of a section through the opaque area of a thirty-five hours' embryo, showing protoplasmic processes, with nuclei passing from the somatopleure to the splanchnopleure.
Nucleus of the yolk in connection with the protoplasmic network hardened in osmic acid.
It shews two large nuclei of the yolk (n) and the protoplasmic network in the yolk between them; the network is seen to be closer round the nuclei than in the intervening space.
In the earliest condition, even before the albumen and the shell are added and before the egg is laid, on one side of the yolk-mass there is a tiny protoplasmic spot which is at first a single cell and nothing more.
The protoplasmic germ, out of which life or a living organism is to be evolved or developed.
In answer to this question--a question before which science stands perplexed--we need only remember what has been said before about the protoplasmic scent.
The power, energy, force, or tendency which springs into activity at the touch or combination of the protoplasmic germ and the water, and which evolves or develops life and its natural attributes.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "protoplasmic" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word. Other words: genetic; hereditary; plastic
