Further, it is evident that proteoses and peptones combine with a far larger equivalent of acid than the native albumin is capable of; 17 c.
At the end of seventy-two hours the amount of peptones had increased to about forty-two per cent.
This reaction, which constitutes the main, and perhaps the only absolute method of separating peptones from proteoses must be carried out with great thoroughness in order to insure a complete precipitation of deuteroproteose.
If so, we have another source of variation in the relative proportion of hemi- and anti-moieties in the deuteroproteoses and peptones of pancreatic digestion.
On the Physiological Action of Peptonesand Albumoses.
Still greater stress, however, may be laid upon the fact that experimental evidence points to the conclusion that lymph-cells cannot assimilate either peptones or proteoses.
Mixed with the hydrochloric acid it converts the proteids into peptones and proteoses.
Peptones and proteoses, when injected directly into the blood, are found to act as poisons.
Furthermore the action on the proteids does not stop with the production of peptones and proteoses, but these in turn are still further reduced.
It changes proteids into peptones and proteoses, completing the work begun by the gastric juice.
Albuminoid substances are changed into peptones and starchy matters are changed into dextrin and sugar.
As the hepatic functions are much disturbed, if not entirely suspended, it is necessary to give those foods which are converted into peptones in the stomach.
The peptones and sugar pass by osmosis into the blood-vessels of the portal system and thence to the liver.
It converts proteids into peptones and emulsifies fats.
The peptones are used in part to supply the nitrogenous waste of tissue, but much of the albuminoid matter is broken up in the liver into glycogen and urea, the latter of which is excreted by the kidneys as waste matter.
In the other there is no failure of the destructive and excreting functions, but those concerned in the assimilation of fat and peptones are disordered, so that the patient is not well nourished, so far as the fatty element is concerned.
The peptones transformed in the stomach from nitrogenous alimentary principles are highly soluble and diffusible.
When the disorganization of the peptones is imperfectly performed in the liver, instead of urea there is a production of lithates and lithic acid, constituting the condition called lithaemia.
The presence of peptones and of dissolved albumen makes the tests less delicate for the gastric fluids than for simple aqueous solutions of the acids.
Hemialbumose, from which peptones are formed, is itself a dangerous toxin.
Nevertheless, the true peptones behave just like true poisons, when they are introduced hypodermically into the blood.
By fractional precipitation with alcohol it is easy to isolate thepeptones and true toxins.
Luciferin, in fact, has many properties in common with the proteoses and peptones but its chemical nature cannot be definitely stated at present.
There are, however, certain CO-NH linkages which are not attacked by proteolytic enzymes and some peptones soluble in absolute alcohol, so that these two characteristics do not bar it from the group of proteins.
Schmidt-Muehlheim independently made the discovery that peptones prevented the coagulation of the blood in dogs, and the latter, under Ludwig's direction, has also investigated their action upon the circulation.
The difference is calculated as peptones by multiplying by 5.
The gelatin peptones or gelatoses are formed by hydrolysis with acids, alkalies, ferment or even by digestion with hot water only.
After further hydrolysis with either acids, alkalies or ferments, very soluble compounds are obtained called albumin peptones or albumoses.
They are dissolved (with hydrolysis) by heating with mineral acids, yielding peptones and eventually amido acids, acid amides, etc.
They are very similar to the peptones obtained from keratins and gelatins.
Peptones are also formed from albuminous matter by the action of boiling water and boiling dilute acids.
What is there in a little serum, native albumin, or peptones to protect secretin against gastric digestion?
Chemically they resemble the albumins, being split up by acids or ferments into albumoses, peptones and amino-acids, forming salts, and giving the same colour reactions.
Albumoses and peptones are white powders, readily soluble in water, with the exception of the hetero-albumoses--a subdivision of primary albumoses.
By further decomposition peptones yield peptides, a certain number of which have been synthesized by Emil Fischer and his collaborators.
Albumoses and peptones are obtained by peptic digestion, the latter being termed peptic- peptones; tryptic digestion also produces peptones.
Tannin in foods in large amounts may interfere with the normal digestion of the protein compounds, because it coagulates the albumin and peptones after they have become soluble, and thus makes additional work for the digestive organs.
These cells break down the peptones into a substance that will pass into and become part of the blood.
But we also find that peptones are changed back again to proteins when once in the blood.
Sidenote: Sources of proteoses and peptones] Proteoses and peptones are proteids that are formed by the digestion of other proteids.
Peptones are readily soluble, and for this reason are easily absorbed through the walls of the digestive organs.
Filter off the precipitate, and on testing the filtrate, peptones are found.
Nor is this all, for it also acts powerfully upon the proteids not acted upon in the stomach, and changes them into peptones that do not differ materially from those resulting from gastric digestion.
Defn: A toxic alkaloid found occasionally associated with the peptonesformed from fibrin by pepsinhydrochloric acid.
This chemical phenomenon is a breaking-down process that is analogous to the peptonization of proteids, although in addition to the peptones and albumoses characteristic of peptic digestion, amido-acids and ammonia are to be found.
In this digestive action, only albumoses and higher peptones are produced.
Trypsin in the pancreatic juice takes up the hydrolysis of the proteoses and peptones and those proteins which have escaped gastric digestion.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "peptones" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
