Freshly precipitated alumina hydrate is a colloid gel with very considerable adsorptive powers.
This idea receives some support from the hydrate theory of solution, and the zones of compression and orientation are the colloid analogue of the hydrates supposed to exist in solutions of electrolytes.
There remains the question of the precipitation of the tanning colloid at the interface.
Many other theories have been advanced, but most are generalizations over too limited a field, and from experiments with only a few substances, and show little or no correlation with the wider facts of colloid behaviour.
There is indeed almost as much scope for research by the chemical engineer as by the colloid chemist.
Vegetable tannage is a phenomenon of colloid chemistry.
This sequence is also exhibited in the essential properties of water as solvent and as dispersion medium for colloid sols.
In a gelatine sol the colloid particles have largely adsorbed the colouring matters which it is desired to remove.
This view harmonizes well also with the general behaviour, of colloid sols and gels, in endosmosis, kataphoresis, precipitation, etc.
In the case under discussion another lyophile colloid is introduced, and after bringing about such an action is removed by appropriate means.
When the secreting elements increase out of proportion to the stroma, numerous rounded or irregular spaces filled with a thick yellow colloid material are formed in the substance of the goitre--colloid goitre.
These tumours sometimes become cystic, the cysts being lined with ciliated epithelium and containing colloid material.
This is a very significant array of colloid matter; and it has been repeatedly affirmed by the highest authorities that alcohol is poisonous to the colloid element.
The last two chapters, or lectures, on scientific applications and technical applications ofcolloid chemistry are of surpassing interest, as indicating the practical importance which this young science has attained.
There is an appendix on industrial colloidchemistry by the translator, Dr.
There is in this section a chapter on smoke abatement, but the methods mentioned scarcely fall within the province of colloid chemistry as generally understood.
Norton, deals with the application of colloid chemistry to sanitation.
Certain subjects in particular have been extensively treated; we may instance synthetic colouring matters, colloid chemistry, and catalysis, the last-named subject having books devoted to it in all the series just specified.
All life processes take place in a colloid system, and the necessity to physiologists of the study of colloids is forcibly emphasised.
Pont and my own invention of the multi-perforated grain, rendered possible the use of a colloid of pure nitro-cellulose as a smokeless cannon-powder.
Substances in the colloid state are almost always, when combined with water, more or less viscous or gelatinous.
Colloid substances pass with extreme difficulty and slowness into the crystalline state, and are extremely inert in all the ordinary chemical relations.
I yearn to bite on a Colloid With phosphorus, iron and Beans; I want to be filled with Calcium, grilled, And Veg'table Vitamines!
One great objection is the fact that no characteristic inorganic colloid substance has been isolated from pure clay.
They adsorb dyes from solutions and show other properties characteristic of colloid substances though in a very variable degree, some clays appearing to contain a much larger proportion of colloidal matter than do others.
These colloid substances have a submicroscopic or micellian structure; they are web-like, porous and absorb water eagerly.
This colloid theory explains many of the facts noted by earlier investigators such as Aron, Bischof, Seger, Olschewsky, etc.
According to Charon and Ledegank,[6] colloid cancer of the intestine may be detected before symptoms develop, by the presence of colloid matter in the feces.
Colloid cancer may, however, form a circumscribed projecting tumor in the stomach, and in rare instances it causes abundant secondary colloid deposits in the liver, the lungs, and other parts.
This colloid material is thought to be produced by a colloid transformation of the epithelial cells in the alveoli, but the same transformation seems to occur also in the stroma.
Maier designates as colloid degeneration a peculiar homogeneous, glistening appearance of the muscular fibres.
Footnote 82: In a case reported by Storer the whole stomach, except a little of the left extremity over an extent of about an inch, was converted into a colloid mass in which no trace of the normal coats of the stomach could be made out.
Its resemblance to colloid cancer is the more striking because of the tendency of the interior of the mass to undergo degeneration, to disintegrate, and to break up into pus-sacs with greenish, cheesy, and bilious contents.
In the more slowly-growing scirrhous and colloid cancers the ulcers are more likely to be superficial.
It has been claimed that colloid cancer may be diagnosticated in this manner even before the appearance of other symptoms.
Carcinoma of the intestines appears either as cylindrical-cell cancer, as scirrhus, or as gelatinous or colloid cancer.
Bands of opaque white or gray connective tissue enclose alveolar meshes which are filled with the gelatinous, pellucid colloid {565} substance.
Colloid cancer generally appears as a more or less uniform thickening of the gastric walls.
These latter diffusing through the colloid medium, the resulting combinations assume spheroidal forms.
Carcinoma gelatinosum or colloid cancer is of great relative frequency, but it is altogether probable that here, as elsewhere, this represents a degenerative form of ordinary carcinoma.
In consequence of its tendency to deep ulceration medullary cancer is more liable to give rise to hemorrhage and to perforation than is scirrhous or colloid cancer.
Also stain sections in safranine, which stains thecolloid material, and also picks out any colloid formation in the cells themselves.
Guncotton alone in the colloid state burns very slowly if in moderate-sized pieces, and when subdivided or made into thin rods or strips it is still very mild as an explosive, partly from a chemical reason, viz.
In fact guncotton in the colloid state may be hammered on an anvil, and, as a rule, only the portion struck will detonate or fire.
With the modern colloid propellants the most dangerous operations are the chemical processes in the preparation of nitroglycerin, the drying of guncotton, &c.
In the region of the knee the ganglion is usually multilocular, and consists of a meshwork of fibrous tissue, the meshes of which are occupied by colloid material.
There is no endothelial lining, and the fibrous tissue of the wall is in immediate contact with the colloid material in the interior, which appears to be derived by a process of degeneration from the surrounding connective tissue.
Many recent chemists and physiologists are of opinion that plasm is a colloid catalysator, and that all the varied activities of life are connected with this fundamental vital chemistry.
What else are the chemists' ferments butcolloid catalysators?
A colloidglobule suspended in a salt solution in which it is not dissolved may grow by intussusception.
However large we suppose the colloid ferment molecules to be, there is room for millions of them in the smallest cell.
As a rule, they are in the colloid form, or uncrystallized jelly-like masses, which offer a much greater resistance than crystals to the passage through a porous medium by diosmosis (see p.
There are other substances that may be either crystalloid or colloid in different circumstances.
As the colloid increases in quantity, its molecules loosen the bond between the molecules of the metal, giving them increased freedom of motion.
The unknown poison which produces goiter presumably leads to such changes in the blood and urine as will furnish the colloid necessary for precipitation of the urinary salts in the form of calculi.
Heat intensifies this action of the colloids, and a colloid in a state of decomposition is specially active.
An example of a colloid is found in the albumin of an egg, which is unable to penetrate the membrane which surrounds it.
But colloid substances are also known to pass through the various partitions of the body.
The inability of a colloid to penetrate a membrane is due to the fact that it does not form a true solution.
The colloid character of organic matter facilitates modification by arrested momentum or by continuous strain.
Latterly the view has been advanced that dyeing is due to precipitation of the colloid dyestuffs by the colloid substance of the fibre.
On microscopical examination the gland shows a large number of closed tubular alveoli, lined by columnar epithelial cells, unsupported by a basement membrane, and filled with colloid or jelly-like material.
Captain Hodgson opens the great colloid underbody porthole through which I watch over-lighted London slide eastward as the gale gets hold of us.
The jointed U-tubes of the vacuum-chamber are pressure-tempered colloid (no glass would endure the strain for an instant) and a junior engineer with tinted spectacles watches the Ray intently.
He opened thecolloid in that heavenly stillness and mopped his face.
I was squinting through a colloid before you were out of your cradle, my son.
Then the Sun rises and through the colloid strikes out our lamps.
The bow colloid is unshuttered and Captain Purnall, one hand on the wheel, is feeling for a fair slant.
Limit is low on account of the small size of her nine screws, which, though handier than the oldcolloid Thelussons, "bell" sooner.
Tim slides open the aft colloid and reveals the curve of the world--the ocean's deepest purple--edged with fuming and intolerable gold.
Her underbody colloid is open land her transporter-slings hang down like tentacles.
If, however, the blood does not return for four or more seconds, it is a sign that the capillary circulation is obstructed by colloid uric acid occlusion.
The entire group of symptoms caused by the excess of uric acid in the system and the resulting occlusion of the capillary blood vessels by colloid substances is called ~collemia~ [a glutinous or viscid condition of the blood].
These colloid substances occlude the minute excretory ducts in liver, spleen, kidneys and other organs, interfering with their normal functions and causing the retention of morbid matter in the system.
