In recent studies, a technique has been devised which promises to provide reliable criteria for biological acceptability, since it is based on fundamental biological and behavioral principles.
It demonstrated that complex behavioral processes and basic physiological functions remained essentially unperturbed during brief exposures to space flight.
While this behavioral experiment was relatively simple, it provided the basic concepts for recent studies which involved rotation of animals during the weightless state.
The behavioral techniques used in these studies are closely related to those employed on human subjects under NASA sponsorship at the University of Maryland ([ref.
Developments in behavioral science now permit us to utilize the adaptive behavior of animals to investigate many problems of biological interest.
The second achievement along these lines was in 1962 when the chimpanzee Enos made several orbits around Earth and performed continuously on a complex behavioral task.
General Studies of Biological Rhythmicity The effects of weightlessness on the organism as a whole may be manifested by important changes in certain integrated behavioral patterns having an inherently rhythmic character.
The Mercury chimpanzee program marked the first time that physiological and behavioral assessment techniques were combined for evaluating the functional efficiency of the total organism in space.
Drugs are any chemical substances that effect a physical, mental, emotional, or behavioral change in an individual.
Drug abuse is the use of any licit or illicit chemical substance that results in physical, mental, emotional, or behavioral impairment in an individual.
None of these reports, however, has emphasized the ritualized behavioral patterns associated with the maintenance of territory and with courtship.
Absence of sexual dimorphism in the Bell Vireo obviously suggests that behavioral criteria are used by the birds in sex-recognition.
The occurrence of these same displays as intrinsic behavioral elements of interspecific hostility suggests a common derivation.
Absence of sexual dimorphism suggests that behavioral criteria are used by the birds in sex-recognition; the male is dominant and the female is subordinate.
The disposition shown by the newborn young is clearly an innate behavioral pattern that undoubtedly has a direct relationship to survival.
Juveniles appear particularly aggressive and strike repeatedly when approached, a behavioral pattern definitely favoring survival.
The basic pattern and various behavioral traits are common to all three species.
By such behavioral thermoregulation extremes of weather are neutralized, or at least buffered to some degree.
The racer differs from these only in minor details of its behavior, in the circumstances under which various behavioral traits are elicited, and their relative importance.
These size differences are almost certainly correlated with behavioral and ecological differences among the snakes involved.
These behavioral criteria, too, could each be spread on a continuum to evaluate the effects of this aim of nursing on a patient's actual comfort status at any particular point in time.
Evidence for the existence of discomfort could be inferred in the absence of the above behavioral criteria.
I encouraged patients' expression to better understand their behavioral messages and to enable me to respond overtly as therapeutically as possible.
I encouraged patients' expression to come to understand better their behavioral messages to enable me to respond overtly as appropriately and therapeutically as possible.
These three schools of behavioral psychotherapy claim that the problems leading people to enter therapy are learned and can be unlearned through systematic training.
Behavioral therapists also believe you must realize that, often, difficulties you experience when trying to solve problems or make decisions are due to conflicts between incompatible goals or values.
Because of their widespread use and value, individual chapters will then focus on approaches to behavioral psychotherapy, group therapy, and marriage and family counseling.
Once you have learned how to induce light trance states on your own, you can begin to suggest certain attitudes, feelings, or behavioral changes you would like to bring about in yourself.
This suggests that of the extant procyonids, Nasua nasua, Nasua narica, and Procyon cancrivorus have retained metabolic and behavioral characteristics that are closest to those of their Miocene ancestors.
Ecological and Behavioral Consequences of Adaptation to Various Food Resources.
Annual Variation of Daily Energy Expenditure by the Black-billed Magpie: A Study of Thermal and Behavioral Energetics.
In addition, we would expect selection to have favored a diverse diet, good reproductive potential, and behavioral flexibility to utilize a variety of habitats within these climates.
Doctoral dissertation, Department of Ecology and Behavioral Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
As an adaptive unit, these traits provide Procyon lotor with the physiological and behavioral flexibility required to take full advantage of a wide range of climates and habitats, and its distribution verifies that it has done so.
Comparative Behavioral Ecology of the Ringtail and Gray Fox in Southwestern Utah.
Despite my belief that a person will be essentially unchanged from his mental and behavioral patterns as determined at birth, there is within each individual a certain ability to change; however, the potential must be there.
Still others continue to demonstrate highly irregular behavioral patterns even after candid instruction, for they feel their actions are in no way peculiar, and are not hesitant to say there is no reason for them to change.
Behavioral aspects of the pair bond in Wilson's phalarope.
If Darling was correct, this behavioral characteristic could further impede the recovery of a population of auks, for example, from mortalities resulting from catastrophic losses to spills.
It projects the abstract models of natural evolution into culture, focusing on replicative processes for the production of phenomena such as ideas, behavioral rules, ways of thinking, beliefs, and norms.
Diseases never before experienced, behavioral and mental changes, and new reliances are generated, even in the name of the best intentions.
The human lineage, in its constitutive phases, left behind a wealth of testimony to patterns of action and, later, to behavioral codes that result in some sense of cohesion.
I have already referred to what are loosely called tools and to behavioralcodes (sexual, or relating to shelter, food-gathering, etc.
One type of cohesion represented in the declining behavioral code was replaced by another; one logic, deferring the code, was followed by others.
This has been found to be true for students who excelled in school prior to drug use as well as for those with academic or behavioral problems prior to use.
Some human activities and the activities and behavioral patterns of humpback whales may be mutually exclusive.
For those found in traps the opportunity for behavioral thermoregulation was limited, and temperatures usually approximated those of the air.
In commenting on the distribution of North American lizards as affected by opportunity for behavioral thermoregulation by direct insolation, Bogert (op.
As Steve Silberman, author of " The Geek Syndrome," notes, American psychiatrists have only recently come to accept Asperger Syndrome as a valid umbrella term covering a wide set of behavioral traits.
Such speculation benefits from the fast and loose nature of most so-called " behavioral disorders" nowadays, of course.
The combination of morphological and behavioral characters in the living pygmy mice warrants generic status for them.
Therefore, populations of pygmy mice occurring to the south in central Mexico might be expected to maintain a relatively high degree of heterozygosity in morphological and behavioral characters.
