As Baeyer said long ago: "It seems that all the aldehydes will, under suitable circumstances, unite with the aromatic hydrocarbons to form resins.
But we have more complex hydrocarbons such as C{6}H{14}, known as hexane.
The advertising literature states: “Monatomic Alcohol is one of the constituents of all nerve tissue: It is a product of the replacement of one atom of hydrogen of the hydrocarbons by their hydroxyl group H.
The hydrocarbons constitute a most important series of organic compounds.
Cosmoline was found to have the composition:-- Hydrocarbons (paraffins?
This process is repeated until the removal of the liquid hydrocarbons from the solid paraffin has been satisfactorily accomplished.
The composition of Vaseline is as follows:-- Hydrocarbons (paraffins?
To remedy this the stones had to be coated with tar, a process which entailed a very serious loss of bromine, from the formation of bromine compounds with the hydrocarbons of the tar, as well as a contamination of the bromine with the tar.
The term 'gas' is popularly applied to the important mixture of hydrocarbons produced by the destructive distillation of pit-coal, and now employed as a source of artificial light in most of large towns of Europe and America.
Other volatile hydrocarbonsof like origin are often confounded with eupione by chemical writers.
The value of gas as an illuminating agent may be said to depend on the amount of hydrocarbons present, and on the relation which the carbon bears to the hydrogen in these substances.
When hydrocarbonsform a part of the combustible gas, as they do in nearly all illuminating gases and oils, some carbon is usually set free in the process of combustion.
The principal hydrocarbons obtained from the coal tar are benzene, toluene, naphthalene, and anthracene.
These are hydrocarbons occurring along with benzene in coal tar.
The hydrocarbons serve as the materials from which a large number of compounds can be prepared; indeed, it has been proposed to call organic chemistry the chemistry of the hydrocarbon derivatives.
The crude petroleum consists largely of liquid hydrocarbonsin which are dissolved both gaseous and solid hydrocarbons.
From their formulas it will be seen that they may be regarded as derived from hydrocarbons by substituting the hydroxyl group (OH) for hydrogen.
The lower members of the first two series of hydrocarbons mentioned are all gases; the succeeding members are liquids.
The various hydrocarbons distill over in the general order of their boiling points.
It is a complex mixture from which many substances have been obtained, especially hydrocarbons of the benzene or aromatic series.
One of the higher aromatic hydrocarbons of coal tar, allied to naphthalene and anthracene.
An apt definition of organic chemistry is that it is "the study of the hydrocarbons and their derivatives.
It contains four independent constants; two of these may be calculated from the heats of combustion of saturated hydrocarbons, and the other two from the combustion of hydrocarbons containing double and triple linkages.
Hydrocarbons containing any number of double or triple linkages, as well as both double and triple linkages, are possible, and a considerable number of such compounds have been prepared.
A consequence of this empirical division was that marsh gas, ethylene and cyanogen were regarded as inorganic, and at a later date many other hydrocarbons of undoubtedly organic nature had to be included in the same division.
Mixing the coal gas with water gas, which has been highly carburetted by passing it with the vapours of various hydrocarbons through superheaters in order to give permanency to the hydrocarbon gases.
The final solution of the question of enrichment of gas byhydrocarbons derived from tar may be arrived at by a process which prevents the formation of part of the tar during the carbonization of the coal, or by the process devised by C.
If bituminous coal is distilled at a low temperature, the tar is found to contain considerable quantities of light paraffin oils; and there is no doubt that paraffin hydrocarbons are present in the original coal.
It is the combined action of the hydrocarbons which gives the effect, not any one of them acting alone.
And it was most assuredly in Hofmann's London laboratory that Charles Mansfield worked out that method of fractional distillation of the coal-tar and of isolating the single hydrocarbons which laid the foundation of that industry.
These hydrocarbons contain only a slight proportion of thiophene and its isomers, which can be removed only by a treatment with fuming sulphuric acid, but this is only exceptionally done.
In some places the pure hydrocarbons are net extracted and here only the articles called: "90 per cent.
If carried too far, not merely is coke formed, but the pitch is porous and almost useless, and the anthracene oil is contaminated with high-boiling hydrocarbons which may render it almost worthless as well.
The heaviesthydrocarbons are sometimes twice subjected to the operation of washing.
It consists of a number of saturatedhydrocarbons of the methane series.
It may be supposed that this odour is due to the traces of hydrocarbons present.
Terebene, a mixture of dipentene and other hydrocarbons prepared from turpentine oil by treatment with concentrated sulphuric acid, is used chiefly in medicated soaps.
These soaps contain, in addition to carbolic acid and its homologues, naphthalene and other hydrocarbons derived from coal, naphthol, bases, etc.
This analysis shows that if the temperature is allowed to reach a cherry red, complete decomposition of the illuminating hydrocarbons is taking place, and a gas of practically no illuminating value results.
Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia.
As naphthene hydrocarbons predominate in Russian crude petroleums, and paraffin hydrocarbons in many or most American crude petroleums, it was assumed that the petrolatums derived from these sources differed from one another in like manner.
A specimen of liquid petrolatum, said to be composed chiefly of hydrocarbons of the naphthene series, after saturation with iodin at room temperature was found to contain 1.
Liquid Petrolatum-Squibb (said to be composed of hydrocarbons of the naphthene series) and 200 c.
Any one of a series of isomeric hydrocarbons of pleasant aromatic odor, occurring especially in coniferous plants and represented by oil of turpentine, but including also certain hydrocarbons found in some essential oils.
Olefiant gas, or ethylene; hence, by extension, any one of the series of unsaturated hydrocarbons of which ethylene is a type.
Any one of a series of hydrocarbons containing the nitro and the nitroso or isonitroso group united to the same carbon atom.
It consists of hydrocarbonswhich when oxidized form the orange-yellow eupittonic compounds, the salts of which are dark blue.
A mixture of volatilehydrocarbons intermediate between gsolene and cymogene.
Such hydrocarbons are present in coals in small quantities, but they have positive and negative heats of combination, and in coals these appear to offset each other, certainly sufficiently to apply the formula to such fuels.
This gas too, carries a large proportion of tar and hydrocarbons which form a deposit in the burners and provision should be made for cleaning this out.
Caking coals are rich in volatile hydrocarbons and are valuable in gas manufacture.
This test sometimes gives good results, but only with hydrocarbons absolutely free from oxygen and oxygenated oils.
On account of the facility with which most of the volatile oils absorb oxygen, oils originally free from oxygen are frequently a mixture of hydrocarbons and combinations containing oxygen.
As some of the hydrocarbons are readily volatile at 100 degs.
Different hydrocarbons mixed with oxygen have been circulated continuously through a vessel heated to various temperatures, beginning with that (about 250 deg.
They also investigated certain hydrocarbons occurring in the high boiling point fraction of the coal tar distillate and solved the constitution of phenanthrene.
As already stated the flames of carbon compounds and especially of hydrocarbons have been much more studied than any other kind, as is natural from their common use and practical importance.
They do not think that the decomposition of hydrocarbons can be adequately represented by ordinary chemical equations owing to the complexity of the changes which really take place.
These two layers form a sheath of active combustion, surrounding and intensely heating the enclosed hydrocarbons in the middle of the column.
Outside this the combustion of the carbon monoxide, hydrogen and any hydrocarbons which pass from the blue region takes place in a faintly luminous fringe.
From this adipocere, fatty acids would be gradually formed, the glycerol being washed away, and finally the acids would be decomposed by the pressure into hydrocarbons and free carbonic acid gas.
Under the conditions, too, existing beneath the surface of the earth, such polymerization as is necessary to account for the presence of the different classes of hydrocarbons found in petroleum is scarcely credible.
Sidenote: Coal-tar products] The industries based upon the chemistry of these hydrocarbons are very complex and interesting.
The table shows further how great is the danger of explosion if benzene, benzoline, or other similar highly volatile hydrocarbons [Footnote: The nomenclature of the different volatile spirits is apt to be very confusing.
Less of the vapour of these hydrocarbons than of acetylene in the air of a room brings the mixture to the lower explosive limit, and therewith subjects it to the risk of explosion.
This tact militates strongly against the use of such hydrocarbons within a house, or against the use of air-gas, which, as explained in Chapter I.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "hydrocarbons" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
