The halogens do not easily react with sulphonic acids, but when they do they usually replace the sulphonic acid group.
Halogen acids convert it into monohalogen fatty acids, and the halogensthemselves convert it into dihalogen fatty acids.
The halogens and hydrogen and the alkali metals combine with such elements as oxygen, and it is easily proved that in such compounds one atom of oxygen is able to retain two atoms of the halogens, of hydrogen, and of the alkali metals.
This is still more the case with the non-metals, which form acids and evolve much more heat with oxygen than with the halogens (Note 13).
On the other hand, the halogens on combining with the alkali metals form compounds which are, in all respects, stable, and in which the original characters of the halogens and alkali metals have entirely disappeared.
The clearest distinction of the properties of the halogens and alkali metals is expressed in the fact that the former give acids and do not form bases, whilst the latter, on the contrary, only give bases.
With all these qualitative differences there is, however, an important quantitative resemblance between the halogens and the alkali metals.
The halogens may be estimated by ignition with quicklime, or by heating with nitric acid and silver nitrate in a sealed tube.
Here the electro-negative halogens exercised a function similar to electro-positive hydrogen.
The process is therefore adapted to the simultaneous estimation of carbon, hydrogen, the halogens and sulphur.
The thermal effects of the halogens are: chlorine = l5.
The halogens may be sometimes detected by fusing with lime, and testing the solution for a bromide, chloride and iodide in the usual way.
Methods for the estimation of the halogens and sulphur were worked out by L.
Beilstein determines their presence by heating the substance with pure copper oxide on a platinum wire in the Bunsen flame; a green coloration is observed ifhalogens be present.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "halogens" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
