In 1138 the capital was shifted from Nankin, which was now too close to the northern frontier, to the city of Han Chau on the coast.
But now they insisted that on one point, at least, Japanese claims must be listened to; their right of inheritance to the German lease of Kiau-Chau and economic privileges in the Shantung peninsula must receive recognition.
The acquiescence in Japanese demands for Kiau-Chau was clearly dictated by expediency rather than by justice.
Hervey de Saint-Denys, the mountains and valleys of Kwei-chau where these Miao-tse still survive were the cradle of the Pan-hu.
This usurper was the foster-father of an unacknowledged though real son of the fourth king, Chau Narai.
By general consent, Chau Fa Noi was raised to the rank of wangna, or second king, having, it is said, one third of the revenues with a separate palace and establishment.
All German State property, movable and immovable, in Kiao-Chau is acquired by Japan free of all charges.
In the southern part of Su-chau is the park, surrounded by a high wall, which contains the group of buildings called the Confucian Temple.
Ch'ang-lu was the name of T'sang-chau under the T'ang and the Kin.
Martini (circa 1650) describes T'swan-chau as delightfully situated on a promontory between two branches of the estuary which forms the harbour, and these so deep that the largest ships could come up to the walls on either side.
Davis writes that Tsi-ning chau is a town of considerable dimensions.
Pauthier supposes Unken, or Vuguen as he reads it, to be Hukwan, one of the hiens under the immediate administration of Fu-chau city.
This statement about the abundance of rhubarb in the hills near Su-chau is believed by the most competent authorities to be quite erroneous.
If this be the place, the Traveller does not seem to be following a direct and consecutive route from Su-chau to Hang-chau.
Richthofen has favoured me with a note in which he shows that in reality the only place answering the more essential conditions of Fungul is Siu-chau fu at the union of the two great branches of the Yang-tzu, viz.
I-ching hien is still the great port of the Yang-chau salt manufacture, for export by the Kiang and its branches to the interior provinces.
Chinese plans of Hang-chau do show a large canal encircling the city on the east and north, i.
The sea now comes up much nearer the city; and the upper part of the Bay of Hang-chau is believed to cover what was once the site of the port and town of KANP'U, the Ganpu of the text.
Beyond the plain the important outer line of defense was along the Litsum River, which flows into Kiao-chau Bay and then through the mountains to the sea, a line about eight miles long and about ten miles distant from the city.
Although Kiao-chau was the kaiser's only continental colony in Asia the outbreak of the war found Germany in possession of several islands and groups of islands in the Pacific.
Kiao-chau was under the administration of the German admiralty.
Chinese expeditionary force under Pan Chau reached the Caspian, and sent emissaries to report upon the power of Rome.
The occupation of Kiao-Chau aroused surprise and anger in the English Government.
In the entire Kiao-Chau question, Prince Hohenlohe, despite his age, evinced a capacity for sticking steadily to his purpose and a degree of resolution which must be reckoned as greatly to his credit.
With her growing steamship lines she would touch her colonies in the Pacific and her mighty naval base at Kiao-Chau in the Far East.
After the fall of Kiao-Chau she sent arms to Russia, and she stands ready to throw legions into the European field in defense of her English ally.
Only Germans frequented Kiau-Chau and trade decreased, as the natives cordially disliked the inquisitorial ways of the official system.
The proceedings in regard to Kiau-Chau were Hohenzollern to the last degree--arrogant and theatrical.
Three German warships were dispatched to China and they landed marines at Kiau-Chau while preparations for sending out reinforcements were hurried on in Germany.
On the 23rd August Japan declared war upon Germany, and immediately proceeded, with the assistance of British warships and men, to blockade the harbour of Kiau-Chau and invest Tsingtau, which was the key to the situation.
The fall of Tsingtau and Kiau-Chau was a rending blow to German prestige in the East, and its severity excited bitter comments on this extinguishment of what was in German papers described as "a shining testimony to German culture.
The Chinese Government in perturbation expressed the opinion that the only course for Germany was to cancel the lease of Kiau-Chau and hand the territory back to China.
Kiau-Chau is a splendid harbour and, in regard to Pekin, of great strategical importance.
To deliver, on a date not later than 15th September, to the Imperial Japanese authorities without condition or compensation the entire leased territory of Kiau-Chau with a view to the eventual restoration of the same to China.
Kiau-Chau and Tsingtau were fortified and made as impregnable fortresses as modern science could construct, and all German proceedings indicated that any "ultimate retrocession to China" of the province was extremely problematical.
The ultimatum caused a sensation in China, as it was stated that China was fully of the intention "eventually" to regain possession of Kiau-Chau by her own resources.
I saw Chau going away in silent anger; and the same night I dreamed that I ran after his boat.
It was somewhere within the limits of the present department of Yen-chau in Shan-tung, but the honour of being the exact spot is claimed for two places in two different districts of the department.
The more moderate writers, however, content themselves with exhibiting his ancestry back to the commencement of the Chau dynasty, B.
The Chau Li tells us of a provision made against the evil consequences of the principle, by the appointment of a minister called 'The Reconciler [2].
The rule of Chau is to perform it at the top of the western steps, treating the dead as if he were a guest.
Confucius surveyed the scene with silent delight, and then said to his followers, 'Here you see how Chau became so great.
If any one employ me, may I not make an eastern Chau [1]?
And moreover, the duke of Chau was a great sage, and K'ang-shu was a great worthy.
France secured a new base in southern China on Kwang-chau Bay, and Italy tried likewise but failed.
K'ang-hi) says that this religion was first preached in China under the Chau Dynasty (B.
Southern China still remained in the hands of the native dynasty of the Sung, who had their capital at the great city now well known as Hang-chau fu.
Sikintinju is Kien chau "belonging to a town which was in Nayan's appanage, and is mentioned in the history of his rebellion.
With reference to the large Tibetan partridge found in the Nan-shan Mountains in the meridian of Sha-chau by Prjevalsky, M.
Sha-chau is interesting as the meeting-place of three expeditions started independently from Russia, India, and China.
Sha-chau is one of the best oases of Central Asia.
Kansuh itself is a name compounded of the names of the two cities Kan-chau and Suh-chau.
Polo notices that the cattle not indigenous to the province lose their hoofs in the Suh-chau Mountains; but that is probably not on account of some poisonous grass, but in consequence of the stony ground.
Chau Tsiang died in 251; and even then one could not clearly foresee what should follow.
This swift cruiser had come out of the fight comparatively uninjured; and having put into Kiao-chau for coal, she steamed eastward again, and for some days was lost sight of.
The Czarevitch and the three destroyers in Kiao-chau were at once ordered to be dismantled, and their crews sent home on parole.
Germany had then compelled Japan to quit Port Arthur, and to hand over that great fort to Russia so that she herself might take Kiao-chau without Russia's objection.
On September 13th General Kamio captured the railway station of Kiao-chau which stands at the head of the bay.
The German seizure of Kiao-chau had led to the Russian occupation of Port Arthur, the British occupation of Wei-hai-wei and French occupation of Kwan-chow Bay.
After the Japanese capture of Kiao-chau Japan's assistance to the Allies, while not spectacular, was extremely important, and its importance increased during the last two years of the war.
Illustration: Map of the city Tsing-Tau and Kiao-Chau Bay.
The map on the opposite page shows you the German protectorate of Kiao-chau and the surrounding country.
From Kiao-chau German influence was to radiate throughout the Far East, until the yellow peoples stood in awe of the Kaiser's name.
Kiao-chau Bay, which has an area of about 200 square miles, is almost land-locked.
She proposed to wrest Kiao-chau from the Germans, and at the end of the war restore it to China.
The Gulf of Pechili lies directly to the north of Kiao-chau Bay.
You will remember that it left Kiao-chau early in August for the South American coast.
Several rivers cross the peninsula, the most important being the Chang-sun, which enters the sea almost opposite to Potato Island in Kiao-chau Bay.
German warships in Kiao-chau Bay attempted to do what British monitors afterwards did on the Belgian coast--that is, shell the right wing of the enemy.
The seizure of Kiao-chau in 1897 was a hopeful beginning.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "chau" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
