To destroy the central nervous system of (an animal, as a frog), as by passing a stout wire or needle up and down the vertebral canal.
A styliform process forming the posterior extremity of the vertebral column in some fishes and amphibians.
Situated immediately in front, or on the ventral side, of the vertebral column; prespinal.
Admitting of rotation on an axis; -- sometimes applied to a pivot joint like that between the atlas and axis in the vertebral column.
A strip of tender flesh on either side of the vertebral column under the short ribs, in the hind quarter of beef and pork.
The axial part of the system and its principal ganglions and nerves are situated in the body cavity and form a chain of ganglions on each side of the vertebral column connected with numerous other ganglions and nerve plexuses.
One of the curved bones attached to the vertebral column and supporting the lateral walls of the thorax.
One of the ventral processes of a vertebra, or the dorsal element in each half of a hemal arch, forming, or corresponding to, a vertebral rib.
Situated in front of the back; immediately in front, or on the ventral side the dorsal part of the vertebral column.
Bonnet states that in the two first cases examined by him the reduction occurred at the distal end of the vertebralcolumn in the tail, the more or less malformed vertebrae being anchylosed.
But the fact is rendered especially interesting because the reduction of the vertebral column in the region of the tail takes place in very various degrees.
The vertebral column must be cut in two in two or more places, according to its size.
Cut these apart with the scissors, from back to front, close up to the skin, which brings you to where the vertebral column joins the skull.
The vertebralcolumn terminates in a point, there being no bones in the flukes of the tail, or the dorsal fin.
The sternum is suspended temporarily by strings attached to the vertebral column, and the single wires that have previously been placed through the end of each rib are now run, one by one, through the end of the sternal rib it is to support.
The best way to operate is to split the body open along the middle of the back all the way from head to tail, and carve the flesh away until you reach the vertebral column, and after that the ribs.
Each skeleton requires two brass standards, one clasping thevertebral column close to the tail, the other near the head.
In dislocating the spinal column, take hold of the neck, move it backward and forward, and strain it a bit to see just where the articulating surfaces of the vertebral process are, so that you can cut them.
In mounting a disarticulated skeleton, begin with thevertebral column as the key to the situation.
Midway between the last pair of ribs and the tail, and underneath the vertebral column, lie two very useless and absurd little ossifications known as the pelvic bones.
You presently reach the caudal fin, which must be cut loose from the end of the vertebralcolumn as far back in the skin as possible.
In the vertebral column the cervicals are short with very stout centra, the prezygopophyses in the middle region being nearly horizontal and separated from one another by a wide channel.
In the vertebral column the middle cervicals are long and narrow, with the postzygapophyses directed much outwardly and separated by a very deep channel, and the posterior face of the centrum low and wide.
We are told that in the upward swing the vertebralcolumn rotates upon the head of the right femur.
The keelson was snapped, the vertebral column of the skeleton was broken.
Animals that have no vertebral column, or bones properly so called.
They have a hard, bony skeleton and a vertebral column or backbone; warm red blood flows in their veins; they breathe by means of lungs, and suckle their young, which they bring forth alive.
The smaller posterior or neural tube includes the cavity of the skull and the vertebral canal.
The vertebral column, which acts as a hinged and pliable tube down the center of which runs the spinal cord, is made up of twenty-four true vertebræ and the sacrum and the coccyx.
Considerable portions of dead bone are occasionally found in carious cavities, in the heads of bones, and even in the vertebral column.
It is wonderful to what extent disease may extend in the vertebral column, without much impairment of the functions of the spinal chord, and how perfectly the functions are restored in cases where it has suffered.
By the use of such apparatus for a considerable time, the vertebralcolumn may regain its perpendicular direction, and all deformity of the neck be consequently removed.
This specimen is abnormal in several characters; in five places there is a fusion and separation of the vertebral and paravertebral scale rows, producing a change from 17 to 15 rows of dorsal scales.
The unfinished vertebral arches of the skin-fibrous layer may have produced a new individual by a process of budding or gemmation.
The cause of kyphosis may be of genetic origin or due to some environmental damage to the vertebral column prior to the cessation of growth.
The variation in rate of growth of the vertebral column may produce humps of different shapes and sizes.
In the Siluridae Stenobranchiae of Gunther the dorsal fin consists of an adipose portion and a short-rayed fin which belongs to the abdominal vertebral column, and, like the adipose fin, may be sometimes absent.
After the cord has been removed, examine the vertebral column for the evidences of fractures and displacements.
An incision is made through the skin and muscles along the entire length of the vertebral column and the soft parts dissected away so as to expose the transverse process of the vertebræ.
The vertebral arteries being much smaller than the carotids, the circulatory disturbance in the brain is not adjusted with sufficient promptness.
The phrenic and other respiratory nerves are likely to be paralyzed; the vertebral and carotid arteries may be ruptured.
It lies in the tunnel made up of the arches of the bones of the vertebral column as described in Chapter VI.
All the ribs are attached behind to the vertebral column in a fashion that permits of a little motion up and down.
Between crura; -- applied especially to the interneural plates in the vertebralcolumn of many cartilaginous fishes.
Looking at the skeleton of a Bat, we shall find the vertebral column short, the neck short-boned but broad, the spinal cord being of great thickness at this part though reduced to a mere thread at the hips.
This attachment of the rings by their flat surfaces produces the spine or vertebral column, with a canal on its upper half in which lies the spinal cord.
They sometimes reported these organic remains to be vegetable; sometimes they were beings allied to the star-fishes; at others they were the vertebral column of fishes.
From this organ the blood is delivered into one great artery, which creeps along the vertebral column.
The muscles which bind together the vertebral column are so much developed in fishes as well as others of the superior animals, that they constitute in them alone the principal part of the body.
At its front it fits closely to the vertebral column.
The vertebral column itself is limp and soft, the vertebrae only imperfectly formed and made of soft cartilage.
It results from this twist that the anterior iliac spine, which we have seen to be directed downwards in the carnivora, has become external; and this prominence is much farther removed from the vertebral column than in the dog or cat.
In the carnivora, the panniculus of the trunk is not attached to the supraspinous ligament; it is blended with the same muscle of the opposite side, passing over the spinous region of the vertebral column.
In the ox, the ribs are flattened laterally and are very broad, the more so as we examine a portion further from the vertebral column.
Its vertical diameter--measured from the sternum to the vertebral column--is greater than the transverse measurement (Fig.
The great oblique, when it contracts, compresses the abdominal viscera in all circumstances under which this compression is necessary; it also acts as a flexor of the vertebral column.
These limbs, considered in the vertebral series, present themselves under very different aspects, which are determined by the functions they are called upon to perform.
The vertebrates, as the name indicates, are recognised by the presence of an interior skeleton formed by a central axis, the vertebral column, round which the other parts of the skeleton are arranged.
In this connection we here repeat that it is not the general curvature of the vertebral column which produces the withers, but the great length of the spinous process of the first vertebrae of the dorsal region.
It is obliquely placed, from before backwards, and from below upwards; immediately behind the lumbar section of the vertebral column; and is continued by the coccygeal vertebrae, which form the skeleton of the tail.
Direction and Form of the Spinal Column The curves of the vertebral column are, in quadrupeds, slightly different from those which characterize the human spine.
On the development of the vertebral column of the Anura.
Recent work on the development of the vertebral column.
The ribs of Urodela are shown to be upper ribs, yet we find besides these in Urodela rudimentary lower ribs fused with the vertebral column.
Of these various interpretations, that of Naef seems to involve the minimum of novelty, namely, that the rib-bearer is the basiventral, expanded and external to the vertebral artery.
In this section reference will be made to the embryonic vertebral cartilages by the names used for them in these studies, although the concept of "arcualia" is currently considered of little value in comparative anatomy.
Figures of early stages in vertebral development by the authors mentioned show that the basidorsals chondrify first, as neural arches, while a separate mass of mesenchyme lies externally and ventrally from these.
On the development of the vertebral column of the Urodela.
The pelvis is represented by a pair of small rod-like bones placed longitudinally, suspended below and at some distance from the vertebral column at the commencement of the tail.
The caps, or epiphyses, at the end of the vertebral bodies are flattened disks, not uniting until after the animal has attained its full dimensions.
In the vertebral column, the cervical region is short and immobile, and the vertebrae, always seven in number, are in many species more or less fused together into a solid mass.
In all the remaining genera of Delphinidae the cervical region of the vertebralcolumn is very short, and the first two, and usually more, of the vertebrae are firmly united.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "vertebral" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
