It is in any case advantageous to buff the grain lightly, for this permits the varnishes to sink rather deeper and get a firmer grip, and avoids the too sudden transition from phase to phase which is one cause of stripping or peeling.
In this country the varnishes are made largely from linseed oil by boiling it with "driers.
The exact details of the boiling, and the manufacture of the varnishes is still largely the trade secret of the master japanners, and differs indeed for the various stages of japanning.
Linseed oil is widely preferred as being most likely to agree with varnishes made from linseed oil.
No paints, stains or varnishes furnished for interior.
Another series of tests was started, in which were used films prepared from various oils and varnishes made especially for the test from different gums.
The lusterless surface produced when tung oil varnishes are dried in vitiated air would tend to confirm the conclusion that the oil is very subject to atmospheric influences.
These suction varnishes generally contain a high percentage of rosin, a material having an exceptionally high acid value and thus lending itself successfully to the neutralization of free lime.
It has a high oxidizing value, causing the rapid drying of paints and varnishes to which it has been added.
As a general rule, varnishes rich in manganese dry more quickly in a dry atmosphere, while those containing small quantities dry more quickly in a damp atmosphere.
By blowing air through linseed oil that has been heated to approximately 200 degrees Fahrenheit, either with or without drier, heavy bodied oils are obtained, which find special application in varnishes and technical paints.
These varnishes are also finding application in the manufacture of concrete, steel, and flat wall paints; being especially suitable for the above purposes when compounded with kauri gum japan.
The range of quality and cost in varnishes is probably greater and more varied than in any other finishing material.
There are varnishes known as flat varnishes which give a dull finish without rubbing.
The recipes for varnishes and colours are very numerous, but they are mostly copied from earlier works.
It has been conjectured by some that this story proved the immixture of varnishes with the colours, and that the oil was only used to dilute them.
The passage before quoted follows, stating that they used earths chiefly, that they carefully avoided certain colours, "and likewise varnishes and whatever produces a shining surface.
The varnishes made with oil are longer drying than those made with spirits of wine, but are of greater durability.
Varnishes suitable for the work in hand, such as clear copal spirit varnish, oil copal varnish, white hard varnish, &c.
The finer varnishes in oil or turpentine are best for ordinary use.
Varnishes are made from various gums or resins dissolved in a solvent such as alcohol, turpentine, or oil, as the case may be.
Varnishes are sometimes used as siccatives, and to mix with colors which are liable to affect other colors, or to lack consistency.
When the picture is done, after it is dry, varnishes are used to bring out the freshness of color, and to preserve the surface from outside influences of all sorts.
The finest varnishes are those of oil, and they require the utmost skill and patience in their use.
Age has assisted in heightening its lustre, and although it will never rank with the varnish of Cremona, yet it will hold its own among the varnishes of modern times.
Influence of different varnishes on the tone of the Violin .
A description, however, of the various Italian varnishes may not be inappropriate.
When varnishes are quite new made, and must be sent out for use before they are of sufficient age, they must always be left thicker than if they were to be kept the proper time.
All copal or oil varnishes require age before they are used.
Spirit varnishes should be kept well corked: they are fit to use the day after being made.
Annotto dissolves better and more readily in alcohol than in water, when it is introduced into the yellow varnishes for communicating an orange tint.
Such oils are said to be drying or siccative, and are used on this account in the preparation of varnishes and painters' colours.
All body varnishes are intended and ought to have 1-1/2 lbs.
Benzoin enters also into the composition of certain varnishes employed for snuff-boxes and walkingsticks, in order to give these objects an agreeable smell when they become heated in the hand.
Having disposed of the manufacture of the varnishes and dryers, we now come to the manufacture of pigments.
The linseed varnishes are made by boiling refined linseed oils at a very high temperature.
The grades of varnishes made from these resin oils are used for the cheaper classes of printing inks, not only on account of their lower cost, but because they are more suitable for the class of work for which such inks are used.
Roughly speaking, the varnishes are divided into three classes, the first and second of which are the varnishes proper, i.
It also happens that graining is resorted to in order to hide the dark effect produced on cheap varnishes by age in the natural finish used over yellow pine, etc.
Light varnishes are required in order to give the finished marble a uniform appearance and as a protection.
These Varnishes are usually coloured, and require much longer time to dry than the Spirit Varnishes: they are called Oil Varnishes.
Most of these Varnishes are transparent and colourless.
One who varnishesin the manner of the Japanese, or one skilled in the art.
Pine oil, an oil resembling turpentine, obtained from fir and pine trees, and used in making varnishes and colors.
Laurie carried out some remarkable experiments with certain fugitive colours and certain oils and balsams, with a view to ascertaining whether any oil varnishes were impervious to moisture, and securely locked up the colours against change.
Sometimes pigments are varied or altogether changed by the grounds on which they are employed, the vehicles in which they are used, the siccatives and colours with which they are mixed, and the varnishes by which they are covered.
Being, however, exceedingly fugitive and changeable, it is not fit for painting; but is chiefly employed in dyeing silk, and colouring varnishes and cheese.
It is used for darkening mahogany, colouring varnishesor polishes, etc.
The tool should be plied with some degree of speed, as spirit varnishes have not the slow setting properties which distinguish those of oil, and care should be taken not to go over the same part twice.
In first-class work, therefore, stained polishes or varnishes should be applied instead of these pigments.
It should be noted that spirit varnishes begin to dry immediately they are laid on; therefore, on no account should they be touched with the brush again whilst wet, or when dry they will present a rough surface.
The beautiful glossy black varnishes so admired on Indian cabinet-work, specimens of which can be seen at the Indian Museum, are very difficult to obtain in England, but a description of them may be interesting.
This spirit began to be much used in the manufacture of polishes and varnishes in the year 1848, and has continued to be much used ever since.
Coloured varnishes can be made in exactly the same manner as coloured polishes (see page 6).
On the small scale, spirit varnishesare best made by maceration in closed bottles or tin cans, either in the cold or by the heat of a water bath.
To the last add of Canada balsam, 1 pint, Both are cheap and excellent common varnishes for wood or metal.
For palevarnishes as little heat as possible should be employed throughout the whole process.
From the inflammable nature of the materials of which varnishes are composed, their manufacture should be only carried on in some detached building of little value, and built of uninflammable materials.
In the preparation of spirit varnishes care should be taken to prevent the evaporation of the alcohol as much as possible, and also to preserve the portion that evaporates.
Oil of turpentine is extensively used in the manufacture of varnishes and paints.
The practice of tingeing varnisheswas not even new, as the example given by Cardanus proves.
It may be added that a writer who could then state, as if from his own experience, that such varnishes had the effect of preserving works 'for a long time,' can hardly be understood to speak of a new invention.
This method varnishes the inside, and the first specimen on which it has been tried was the before-mentioned hedge-accentor's egg, which is to this day as bright in color as a fresh specimen.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "varnishes" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
