These have no pathological significance and are due to slight thickenings of the pericardium.
The size, color, and consistency of the organ should be noted, as well as abnormal thickenings of its capsule and the presence of any tubercles or tumors in its substance.
All other parts of the reproductive ducts are developed out of tegumentary thickenings of the ventral surface in the last abdominal segment, and the last but one.
May, 1886) endeavours to show that the thread is not spiral, but consists of parallel thickenings of the intima.
The brain is formed out of two epiblastic thickenings which occupy shallow depressions.
Within the tegumentary thickenings just described, there appear in the male Cockroach two anterior closed cavities which unite to form the single cavity of the permanent mushroom-shaped body (vesicula seminalis).
These thickenings are at first paired,[184] but afterwards blend to form single organs (fig.
This shows that the segments of the integument are not separate chitinous rings, but thickenings of a continuous chitinous investment.
The spore cases have thin walls whose cells, shortly before maturity, develop thickenings upon their walls, which have to do with the opening of the spore case.
It should be clearly understood that the tides are not great currents, but mere thickenings of the watery envelope.
The straps are semicircular and held together by strong bolts, B B, passing through lugs, or thickenings at the ends of the semicircles.
The presence of irregular thickenings of the wall, or of loose bodies, may be recognised on palpation, especially in superficial bursæ, if the sac is not tensely filled with fluid.
While the stimulus exerted by the Nematode thus induces hypertrophy and storage with food-substances of these cells, those of the next layers undergo reticulate thickenings of their walls.
More advanced stage, the conjugating cells (a) are still distinct from one another; the warty thickenings of their walls have commenced to form.
The young cell-wall is always tenuous and flexible, and may remain so throughout, but in many cases thickenings and structural differentiations, as well as the changes referred to above, alter the primary wall considerably.
I think that this hypothesis is probably correct, but I have met with some facts which made me think it possible that the thickenings at the ends of the septa, visible in Pl.
The latter structures are, in all essential points, similar to the claws borne by the feet, and, like these, are formed as thickenings of the cuticle.
The first rudiments of the limbs appear in Scyllium, as in other fishes, as slight longitudinal ridge-like thickenings of the epiblast, which closely resemble the first rudiments of the unpaired fins.
The thickenings of the praeoral lobe which form the supra-oesophageal ganglia are nearly though not quite separated from the epiblast.
The ventral ganglionic thickenings are now developed in all the segments in the abdominal as well as in the thoracic region.
These thickenings are the first rudiments of the ventral nerve ganglia.
On each side of and behind the mouth two whitish masses are visible, which are the epiblastic thickenings which constitute the ganglia of the chelicerae (Pl.
Its projecting edge is armed by a series of small teeth, which are thickenings of the chitinous covering, prolonged from the surface of the body over the buccal cavity.
The individual thickenings themselves, though much more conspicuous than in the previous stage (Pl.
Many diatoms possess thickenings of the cell-wall, visible in the valve view, in the centre of the valve and at each extremity.
These thickenings are known as the nodules, and they are generally connected by a long median line, the raphe, which is a cleft in the siliceous valve, extending at least some part of its length.
This may then terminate in new formations, such as adhesions, fibrous thickenings and bony enlargements.
Thickenings or enlargements in this region may involve a variety of structures.
Endarteritis deformans is a term applied to the condition of the arteries as a result of irregular thickenings and deposits of lime salts in the walls.
Corns are local, cone-shaped thickenings of the outer layer of the skin of the feet, due to pressure and friction of the shoes, or opposed surfaces of skin between the toes.
Callus consists of round or irregular, flattened, yellowish thickenings of the upper or horny layer of the skin.
The rows of locomotive paddles first appear as four longitudinal equidistant linearthickenings of the epiblast near the aboral pole (fig.
Shortly after the appendages begin to be formed, the first rudiments of the ventral nerve cord become established as epiblastic thickenings on the inner side of each of the lateral bands.
These thickenings appear to give origin to the lateral ciliated plates.
It is the general opinion amongst the majority of investigators that the nervous ganglia in Gasteropods and Pteropods are formed from detached thickenings of the epiblast.
The post-oral section, or ventral cord of the adult, arises as two longitudinal thickenings of the epiblast, one on each side of the median line (fig.
The thickenings of the epiblast of the two sides are quite independent, as may be seen in fig.
The supra-oesophageal ganglia are stated to be developed quite simply as a pair of thickenings of the procephalic lobes, but whether they are from the first continuous with the ventral cord does not appear to have been determined.
In the fifth stage the central thickenings of the spindle separate into two sets, which travel symmetrically outwards towards the clear masses, growing in size during the process.
The two epiblast ridges, which pass back from the supra-oesophageal ganglia on each side of the mouth, are continued as a pair of thickenings of the epiblast along the sides of a median ventral groove.
The observations on the pedal ganglia are less precise: they very probably arise as thickenings of the epiblast of the side of the foot.
Between these four new tentacles subsequently sprout out, and in the intermediate planes four ridge-like thickenings of the hypoblast, projecting into the cavity of the stomach, make their appearance.
Peridial thickeningsin form of an apical net with definite thickenings at the intersections of the component threads 1.
In no American gathering that I have examined does the capillitium show calcareousthickenings as described by the British text.
Peridial thickenings in form of parallel meridional ribs connected by delicate transverse threads 2.
Sporangia simple or plasmodiocarpous; capillitium composed of threads without characteristic thickenings running entirely across the sporangium attached both to the base and to the opposite wall, not joined to form a network.
The capillitium is very delicate, and when cleared of spores the knot-like thickenings are seen to be very small and of a dark red color, to which is probably due the pinkish tinge which marks the whole.
These occur as thickenings and down-growths of the epithelium into the corium.
THE HUMAN NAILS are thickenings of the lowermost layer of the horny portion of the epidermis, the stratum lucidum.
A more minute species than Didymium serpula, without characteristic thickenings upon the threads of the capillitium, and wanting the peculiar large cells of this species.
In Fishes the first rudiments of the limbs appear as slight longitudinal ridge-like thickenings of the epiblast, which closely resemble the first rudiments of the unpaired fins.
In the Isopoda supraoesophageal ganglia are stated to arise as thickenings of the procephalic lobes, which become eventually detached from the epidermis.
Shortly after the establishment of the test there grow out from the anterior end of the body three peculiar papillae, developed as simple thickenings of the epidermis.
The ventral cords have begun to be formed as thickenings of the epiblast, and the limbs are established.
The olfactory pits are barely indicated as thickenings of the nervous layer of the epiblast.
In the region of the hind-brain traces of the auditory vesicles are present in the form of slightly involuted thickenings of the nervous layer of the epidermis.
Bobretzky and Fol, would lead us to suppose that they arise in the mesoblast, but it seems more probable that they are formed as thickenings of the sides of the foot.
The supraoesophageal ganglia are formed as two independent thickeningsof the procephalic lobes (fig.
In the earliest condition, it consists of three successive open involutions of the peritoneal epithelium, connected together by more or less well-defined ridge-like thickenings of the epithelium.
The thickenings originate beneath the surface and contain, at the earliest stage at which I have as yet examined them, all the elements of the adult organism (i.
They arise a short distance below the surface as thickenings in the strands of cells that accompany the radiating fibres of the skeleton.
In Spongilla proliferens, a common Indian species, the buds arise as thickenings of the strands of cells accompanying the radiating spicule-fibres of the skeleton, which project outwards from the surface of the sponge.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "thickenings" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
