The only important ore of tin is the mineral cassiterite (oxide of tin) described above in the chapter on "Mineralogy.
An oxide of silicon, like quartz in composition except that it is combined with a varying amount of water.
An important oxide of iron in composition like hematite except for its variable water content.
We are all familiar with the rusting of iron which is due to the chemical union of the iron with oxygen, thus forming an iron oxide which in turn commonly unites with water from air or earth.
The one great ore of tin whose composition is oxide of tin.
A red oxide of zinc ore, called zincite, assumes great economic importance in New Jersey.
An oxide of aluminum of hexagonal crystallization, usually in six-sided prisms, capped by very steep pyramidal faces (see Figure 75n).
Zircon is also the source of oxide of zirconium used in making mantles for certain incandescent lights.
Where oxide of iron forms the cementing material, the rock yields less readily to weathering, and the sandy soil will be yellowish brown or red according to the climate.
The mineral called bauxite (a hydrous oxide of aluminum) is the great ore from which aluminum is obtained by an electrical process.
This oxide of zinc combines with the sulphuric acid, and forms sulphate of zinc; this salt is found to accumulate in solution in the liquid of the cell.
Oxide of copper is separate from the sulphate; and the copper in thisoxide is separated from the oxygen.
The oxygen of the water is separated at the zinc electrode from the hydrogen, and at the other electrode this hydrogen recombines with the oxygen from the oxide of copper.
This insulating material consists of an inside coating of pure india rubber, then another similar coating in conjunction with oxide of zinc, which is termed the separator, and an outside coating of india rubber combined with sulphur.
The water (composed of hydrogen and oxygen) is decomposed by the passage of the electric current, and oxide of zinc is formed.
The chemical action of this form of Daniell cell is as follows:-- The zinc electrode combines with oxygen; the oxide thus formed combines with sulphuric acid and forms sulphate of zinc.
This preparation can be kept up, if care is taken that none of the sediment of the copperas (oxide of iron) is introduced when charging, as the oxide of iron creates stains.
But in an ordinary gas retort the heat required to distill the gas is furnished by an outside fire; this is only necessary when you require lighting gas, with no admixture of carbonic acid and as little carbonic oxide as possible.
The glowing coke can decompose the steam, forming carbonic oxide and hydrogen, both combustible.
Bonnardot, at this point, discusses in considerable detail various opinions as to the removal of these iron oxide stains, but without coming to any definite conclusion except that they are "of all stains, the most tenacious.
For if one is obliged to prolong the action of the oxalic acid on the iron oxide which causes it, this portion of the skin not only loses its gloss, but also becomes subject to a more or less rapid process of dissolution.
Unlike carbon dioxide, which does harm by shutting off the supply {285} of oxygen, carbonic oxide is actively poisonous.
Bernard's study of the change that had taken place in the blood showed that the hemoglobin of the red blood-cells had united with the carbonic oxide present in the lungs to form a stable compound.
Carbonic oxide is the gas produced by incomplete combustion of coal.
This idea was overthrown by the discovery that the carbonic oxide combination with hemoglobin was very permanent.
Bernard's investigation of the effect of carbonic oxide gas will probably be of more practical benefit to this generation and the next than it was to his.
A Cleaner for Canvas Shoes One of the most economical cleansers for canvas shoes is oxide of zinc.
A Massachusetts apothecary sold sulphide of antimony by mistake for black oxide of manganese.
Tin oxide is used to some extent in white enameling of metal surfaces.
This altered upper part of the ore bodies is usually called the oxide zone.
In the oxide zone the zinc carbonate is associated with oxides and carbonates of various metals, including those of lead, copper, iron, and manganese.
Also the Spanish pyrite, imported ordinarily for its sulphur content, on roasting leaves a residue of iron oxide extremely low in phosphorus which is similarly used.
The zones of oxide ores, secondary sulphide ores, and primary or protores are in most silver deposits much less regular and much less definitely marked than in the case of copper ores.
Consequently the presence ofoxide ores below the water table is not necessarily proof that the water table has risen since their formation.
Silicates in the shales are broken down to form clay, which is mixed with the iron oxide and quartz.
In this respect it contrasts with zinc; and when the two minerals occur together, lead is likely to be more abundant in the oxide zone, and zinc in the sulphide zone below.
It is an interesting fact that, although mining has been carried on in this district for upwards of forty years, only within the last decade has the existence of zinc ores in the oxide zone been recognized.
The ores carry up to 35 per cent uranium oxide (though largely below 2 per cent), and from one-third as much to an equal amount of vanadium oxide.
One may know, for instance, that a mineral is soluble and is actually removed from the oxidezone and redeposited below.
The content of thorium oxide varies from a trace up to 30 per cent, and commercial monazite sands are usually mixed so as to bring the grade up to at least 5 per cent.
Under weathering conditions, the silver sulphide minerals in general are oxidized to form native silver and cerargyrite, which are relatively insoluble and remain for the most part in the oxide zone.
Similar coprolites are found and mined in other districts of England, but they are of inferior quality, containing more oxide of iron and alumina.
This is therefore the second known organometallic body, containing oxygen, which is capable of distillation, cacodylic oxide being the other.
Some grass-tree country was also passed, covered with quartz pebbles, white, or colored with oxide of iron.
Pure cassiterite may be colourless, or white, as seen in certain specimens from the Malay Peninsula; but usually the mineral is brown or even black, the colour being referred to the presence of ferric oxide or other impurity.
It consists of tin dioxide, or stannicoxide (SnO2), and crystallizes in the tetragonal system.
The constituents of the hair seem to bring about the dissociation of the metallic salt, and the oxide or hydroxide as the case may be, is absorbed and firmly fixed by the hair.
Advantage is taken of this property to mordant the furs, that is, to cause a certain amount of the metallic oxide or hydroxide to be permanently absorbed by the fibres.
The dyeing of furs with mineral colors involves the precipitation on the fibre in a more or less permanent form of the sulphide, oxide or other insoluble compound of a metal, and can be brought about in several ways.
A perfectly safe and pleasant substitute for chloroform, ether, nitrous oxide gas, and all other anæsthetics.
Boston, and set aside for the next candidate, ether, discovered in the United States also, but far inferior to the nitrous oxide as a safe and pleasant agent.
Two years ago I had the honor of showing before the Chemical Section of the British Association some experiments, in which a well-dried mixture of carbonic oxideand oxygen was submitted to electric sparks without exploding.
While theoxide adheres it gains in weight, and when scales fall off it loses; and the specific heat of the oxide differs from that of metallic iron.
Care must be taken that none of the oxide comes in contact with the platinum wires, for if any sticks to the wires it becomes heated by the passage of the sparks, and gives off enough water to determine the explosion.
The tube is filled with hot mercury--one of the ends being closed by a caoutchouc stopper for the purpose--and a dry mixture of 5 volumes of air and 2 volumes of carbonic oxide is introduced into the bent tube over the mercury.
The admixture of the inert nitrogen renders a larger quantity of aqueous vapor necessary for the explosion than when only carbonic oxide and oxygen in proper proportion are present.
With a hot glass rod the phosphoric oxide is pushed out at the bottom of the small tube, and passes up into the gaseous mixture in the longer arm.
Influence of Aqueous Vapor on the Explosion of Carbonic Oxide and Oxygen.
Lewy indicate, if they do not prove, that the coloring matter of the emerald is organic, and readily destroyed by heat, which would not be the case if it was due to the oxide of chromium.
Ten years ago he boldly asserted that the hue is not due to the oxide of chromium, and with this opinion he confronted such eminent men as Vauquelin, Klaproth and others of high rank in the scientific world.
The amount of the oxide of chromium found by many chemists varies from one to two per cent.
They therefore considered the oxide of chromium to be the coloring agent, without, however, denying the presence of organic matter.
We, however, took the precaution of reducing the amount of nitrous-oxide gas in our mixture of air, with a view to preventing any similar untoward results in future.
Moreover, I find it possible to moderate the colour and to produce a specimen in which the gold shall be as ruddy yellow as in the ferro-oxide gangue of Mount Morgan, or to tone it to the pale primrose hue of the product of the Croydon mines.
If, before amalgamation with gold takes place, oxide of copper or other scum should rise on this plate a little very dilute sulphuric acid will instantly remove it.
As the tin ore is an oxide which is not susceptible to amalgamation, the gold can be readily separated by means of mercury.
Smelted with borax, the iron oxidereadily separated with the slag; result, 311 gr.
Sindur" is red oxide of mercury or lead used by orthodox Hindu women in some parts of India whose husbands are alive; widows do not use it.
In 1844, Horace Wells, a native of Vermont, discovered that the inhalation of nitrous-oxide gas produces anaesthesia.
If the skin is broken away oxidation takes place, but only just on the spot from which the oxide has been removed.
If crystallized or fused nitrate of silver be placed upon glowing charcoal, combustion forthwith takes place, the silver remaining behind in a metallic form, while nitrous oxide and carbonic acid are freely given off.
The next lecture will be delivered this evening (Saturday) when, at the request of several ladies, the nitrous oxide or the exhilarating gas will be exhibited.
To-day, nitrous oxide means a benign anæsthetic, so helpful and merciful when one is brought under the knife of the skillful surgeon.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "oxide" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
