The African lion would appear to have been a competitor of the sabre-tooth tiger, for the latter animal now becomes less abundant, although there is reason to believe that it survived until the Third Interglacial Stage.
Even toward the close of the Third Interglacial Stage there were periods of warmth, perhaps during the height of the hot summer season, when animals of the warm fauna migrated from the south.
The early Pleistocene, especially the period of the First Interglacial Stage, was one of elevation remarkable for the broad land bridges which brought the animal life of Europe, Africa, and Asia together.
The presence of members of the deer family (Cervidae) in great numbers and representing many different lines of descent is one of the most distinctive features of First Interglacial times.
Very broad river deposits of First Glaciation, on the first erosion level, covered with the 'Upper Loess' of the Second Interglacial Stage.
AE] The entire fourth glaciation has been termed Mecklenburgian by Geikie;(6) the recession may correspond with his Fourth Interglacial Stage, the Lower Forestian.
Older loess' (sandy loess) of the close of Second Interglacial times.
In the middle Acheulean are found the earliest deposits of 'older loess' which indicate a climate still temperate but arid, belonging to the middle of the Third Interglacial Stage.
Daniel Wilson, on “The supposed evidence of the existence of interglacial man,” in the Canadian Journal, Oct.
Abbott no longer considers man in this country as belonging to post-glacial, but to interglacial times.
Shaler accompanies the first of these with some comments, in which he says: “If these remains are really those of man, they prove the existence of interglacial man on this part of our shore.
Rude implements found in the interglacial Jersey drift have been held by C.
To the writer it appears, from what study he has made of the evidences alleged of man’s existence in North America in early times, that proof is wanting that he made his appearance here earlier than in interglacial times.
These periods of intense cold were alternated with long interglacial periods during which the climate was warmer than it is to-day.
Abbott, Metz, and Cresson, and by Miss Babbitt, are all on exhibition at the Peabody Museum in Cambridge, whither it is necessary to go if one would get a comprehensive view of the relics of interglacial man in North America.
This ought to be acceptable to such geologists as are willing to admit the advance and retreat of the great glacier, but yet doubt the fact of the interglacial mild climate.
We ought, therefore, to have had a mildinterglacial season.
Hence it follows that at the very time the Northern Hemisphere would enjoy a mild interglacial climate, universal Spring, so to speak, the Southern Hemisphere would be encased in the ice and snow of an eternal Winter.
Hence, if Mr. Croll be correct, a period of high eccentricity would certainly produce a climate in the Northern Hemisphere such as characterized many of the mild interglacial epochs as long as the earth passed its perihelion point in Winter.
If, therefore, a period of high eccentricity lasts through the many thousand years, we must expect more than one return of glacial cold interspersed by mild interglacial climates.
But during the longinterglacial epochs which intervened between the ice invasions, forests grew and animals now extinct roamed over our hills and plains.
In the earliest of the interglacial epochs it is quite probable that some of the gigantic groundsloths of South America made their home here, since they are known to have done so in the western counties of the state.
Such conditions would have been available as selective stimuli in high-latitude forests and savannas ofinterglacial periods.
Slight variations are now known to take place, and possibly in the past during certain periods of time these variations may have been sufficiently great to cause a glacial climate with interglacial stages.
Near Toronto, Canada, the finding of warm climate plants between two glacial deposits proves that the climate there during an interglacial stage was much like that of the southern States to-day.
According to this hypothesis the interglacial stages would have to be explained by a rather unreasonable assumption of repeated rising and sinking of the glaciated lands.
During the great interglacial stages the vast glaciers were notably restricted in size, and in some or possibly all, cases they may have wholly disappeared from the continent.
In the northern Mississippi Valley, and also in Europe, there is positive proof for five or six important advances and retreats of the ice which gave rise to the true interglacial stages.
For hundreds of thousands of years Europe and North America, with their alternating glacial and interglacial periods, witnessed extraordinary changes and minglings of their animal population.
Most European geologists count four distinct extensions of the ice-sheet, with three interglacial periods.
It is now generally believed that man came north in the thirdinterglacial period; though some high authorities think that he came in the second.
The land apparently sank under the burden, the ice and snow melted at the lower level and there was a temperate interglacial period.
The German and many English and French geologists distinguish four sheets and three interglacial epochs.
Interglacial epoch, Neudeckian, intercalations of marine and freshwater deposits in the boulder clays of the southern Baltic coasts.
Interglacial epoch, Lower Forestian, the lower forests under peat beds, the Ancylus-beds of the great freshwater Baltic lake and the Littorina-clays of Scandinavia.
Interglacial epoch, Helvetian, interglacialbeds of Britain and lignites of Switzerland.
Again, in the Alps four interglacial epochs have been recognized; while in England there are many who are willing to concede one such epoch, though even for this the evidence is not enough to satisfy all glacialists (G.
Munthe, there are three glacial and two interglacial epochs.
During the first and second interglacial epochs the climate appears to have been warmer than at present.
The change of climate was not steady but marked by a series of oscillations, repeating on a much smaller scale the glacial and interglacial epochs of the long past.
During the third warm interglacial epoch they lived in the open, as at the station of Chelles, which has given its name to the earliest Paleolithic epoch.
They seem first to become numerous in theinterglacial period, and continue to increase and become diversified as we descend lower in time.
In interglacial times of milder climate the arctic fauna-flora retreated, and their places were taken by plants and animals from the south.
Interglacial beds at Toronto, Canada, contain remains of forests of maple, elm, and papaw, with mollusks now living in the Mississippi basin.
But hundreds of feet below the ground the well driller and the prospector for coal and oil discover deep, wide, buried valleys cut in rock,--the channels of preglacial and interglacial streams.
Diagram illustrating Criteria by which Different Drift Sheets are distinguished] The evidences of such interglacial stages, and the means by which the different drift sheets are told apart, are illustrated in Figure 361.
In both cases it is extremely difficult, or quite impossible, to assign the remains to definite glacial or interglacial times.
In Jackson Hole, three glacial and two interglacial stages have been recognized.
The Mediterranean race is held to have entered Europe in force during quaternary time, presumably after the quaternary period was well advanced, most likely during the last genial, interglacial period.
The evidences of such interglacial stages, and the means by which the different drift sheets are told apart, are illustrated in Figure 361.
The Borchers fauna, a new Pleistocene interglacialfauna from Meade County, Kansas.
The Hay Springs local fauna is considered to have been deposited in late Kansan glaciation or in early Yarmouth interglacial by Shultz and Tanner (op.
The Irvingtonian provincial age is currently regarded as Middle Pleistocene and includes the late Kansan glaciation (that part occurring after the glacial maximum) and the Yarmouthian interglacial (see Hibbard et al.
One of the earliest known species, Geomys quinni, ranges from Upper Pliocene to the later stages of the Lower Pleistocene (Aftonian interglacial deposits).
A question which has received much attention of recent years is that of the existence of preglacial or interglacial man, on which much has been written.
Riche Preller, "On Fluvio-glacial andInterglacial Deposits in Switzerland," Quart.
On Glacial Deposits, Preglacial Valleys andInterglacial Lake formations in Sub-Alpine Switzerland," ibid.
Footnote 110: On the question of preglacial and interglacial man, see W.
It will be noted that I have indicated most separations as having taken place in interglacial ages.
The names of interglacial ages are in Italic type.
This evidence suggests a division of the Pleistocene into four glacial ages and four interglacial ages, the fourth interglacial age corresponding to the present time.
In the ensuing Sangamonian interglacial age all glaciers retreated or disappeared thereby opening up extensive areas in the north and in the higher mountains which were occupied by a boreal fauna, including S.
The most recent epoch of geological time, the Pleistocene, is known to have been divided into a series of alternating glacial and interglacial ages.
The names of currently recognized glacial and interglacial ages of the Pleistocene are listed below.
Interglacial ages were characterized by warmth and aridity as compared to the glacial ages.
The populations possibly were re-established in interglacial periods and then were isolated again by another descent of glacial ice.
The Borchers Fauna a new Pleistocene interglacial fauna from Meade County, Kansas.
Nothing has struck me more than the accumulated evidence of interglacial periods, and assuredly the establishment of such periods is of paramount importance for understanding all the later changes of the earth's surface.
Both augite-andesite and hypersthene-andesite occur, while at the southern end of this interglacial rock mass, just east of Cowlitz Glacier, the cliffs are composed of the prismatic black basalt.
Lower down on the slopes of the mountain opportunities for the study of the structure of the volcanic cone are found in the bold rock masses that mark the apexes of the interglacial areas.
Under a brisk gale of wind and with fine clear weather, we were enabled rapidly to explore through a considerable portion of its extent, the immenseinterglacial sea upon which we had entered.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "interglacial" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
