Similarly the saphrophytes are classed as obligatory saphrophytes and facultative parasites.
If a parasite cannot exist outside animal tissues, it is an obligatory parasite; if it can, it is a facultative saphrophyte.
There are some which are able to live upon either dead or living tissues and are known as facultative parasites, a class which includes a majority of pathogenic germs.
Those requiring oxygen are called aerobic; those which can live with or without it are called facultative aerobic; those which do not live in free oxygen are called anaerobic.
I have seen this particularly in those cases where facultative divergence also was greater than usual.
Two days after tenotomy of the internal recti on both sides, the facultative divergence amounted to 7 deg.
We frequently find very considerable degrees of facultative divergence as a casual symptom, without the occurrence of manifest divergence or the presence of asthenopic troubles.
On correction of the myopia the facultative divergence amounts to = 26 deg.
The facultative divergence does not amount to more than 3 deg.
As a rule, in these cases the degree of divergence which occurs on cessation of binocular single vision, is almost as great as the facultative divergence, which may be reached in the interest of binocular single vision.
The area of single vision gradually extended itself; at the end of October it was restored for distance also, facultative divergence nil; however, relative divergence was present for near objects.
As a result of these rapid subcultures, the facultative anaerobe will be secured in pure culture at about the third or fourth generation.
When it is desired to separate a facultative anaerobe from a strict anaerobe, it is generally sufficient to plant the mixture upon the sloped surface agar, incubate aerobically at 37°C.
In short, there is no facultative plurality in the mind; it is a single organ of true judgment for all purposes, cognitive or practical.
The great majority of the bacteria in the cream belong to the facultative class, and are able to grow under conditions where they are not in direct contact with the air.
Similarly we are unable to divide Schizomycetes sharply into parasites and saprophytes, since it is well proved that a number of species--facultative parasites--can become one or the other according to circumstances.
Ewart's important discovery that some of these lipochrome pigments occlude oxygen, while others do not, may have bearings on the facultative anaerobism of these organisms.
They showed that the encapsulated facultative anaerobe, Klebsiella pneumoniae, survived under simulated Martian atmosphere for 6 to 8 months, but were less virulent than the freshly isolated organisms.
Other important species will be considered as facultative parasites.
For example, certain fly larvae, or maggots, normally feeding in putrifying meat, have been known to occur as accidental or facultative parasites in the stomach of man.
Various species of Calliphorinae are occasionally met with asfacultative parasites of man.
Accidental or facultative parasites are species which are normally free-living, but which are able to exist as parasites when accidentally introduced into the body of man or other animal.
It is not normally parasitic, however, and hence will be considered with other facultative parasites in Chapter IV.
Facultative parasites are forms which are not normally parasitic, but which, when accidentally ingested, or otherwise brought into the body, are able to exist for a greater or less period of time in their unusual environment.
The literature of the subject, like that relating to facultative parasitism in general, is unsatisfactory, for most of the determinations of species have been very loose.
Ewing also showed that among the living forms of Acarina we can trace out all the stages of advancing parasitism, semiparasitism, facultative parasitism, even to the fixed and permanent type, and finally to endoparasitism.
We have seen that the deliberate restraint of conception has become a part of our civilized morality, and that the practice and theory of facultative abortion has gained a footing among us.
It must, however, clearly be recognized that, unlike the control of procreation by methods for preventing conception, facultative abortion has not yet been embodied in our current social morality.
In the facultative perimeters, the state was simply to assist in the work of recovery by gratuitous distribution of seeds and plants, or even by money subventions in some cases.
This law recognizes two ways of placing private property under a forestry regime, namely obligatory and facultative or voluntary.
These few instances do not disclose any general principles which may be applied either for the growth or for the distinction of aerobes or facultative anaerobes.
It has been shown that if these organisms are grown with aerobes or facultative anaerobes they thrive at ordinary room temperature.
In gelatin and agar punctures the oxygen relationship is shown by surface growth for aerobes, growth near the bottom of the puncture for anaerobes, and a fairly uniform growth all along the line of inoculation for facultative anaerobes.
The minimum O pressure for facultative anaerobes is also 0 mm.
Non-motile facultative anaerobes usually cloud the broth also, but settle out more rapidly than the motile ones.
The existence of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria shows the fallacy of such beliefs.
Fermentation tubes" form a simple means for growing liquid cultures of anaerobes, the growth occurring in the closed arm only, while with facultative anaerobes, growth occurs both in the closed arm and in the open bulb.
So an actively motile organism causes in general a cloudiness, especially if the organism is a facultative anaerobe, which tends to clear up by precipitation after several days when the organisms lose their motility.
There are still other kinds which may grow either in the presence of free oxygen or in its absence, hence the term facultative anaerobes (usually) is applied to them.
Thus aerobes and facultative anaerobes are prototrophic for O.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "facultative" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
