Because of the little room occupied by the insufflation catheter this method affords ideal anesthesia for external laryngeal operations.
The catheter should be of a size, relative to that of the glottic chink, to permit a free return-flow.
A silk wovencatheter may be used with an ordinary glass syringe or a long-nozzled laryngeal syringe, or a bronchoscopic syringe may be used.
The following list of rules for the introduction of the catheter will be of service (see Fig.
In replacing the catheteror stomach tube the fresh one is attached to the old one by stitching in a loop of braided silk.
It is necessary to use the catheter if retention of urine occurs.
The real nature of the case was not ascertained for six weeks, the catheter only being used night and morning.
A similar plan of replacing the cord by means of an elastic catheterhas been tried by Dr.
The operator has now only to pull the ends of the ligature, so as to tighten it slightly, passing the catheterup to the cord, which now becomes securely fixed to its extremity.
In case we find, upon examination, that there is a disposition to this displacement, the elastic catheter will enable the tumour of the prolapsed bladder to collapse, and thus remove all farther trouble.
The elastic catheter should always be used in these cases, and greatly facilitates the operation of drawing off the water.
The reposition of the cord may be effected by the hand, or by means of an elastic catheter and ligature.
A stilet with a wooden handle is introduced into the catheter, the point passed out at its upper orifice, and the loop of the ligature hung upon it; it is then drawn back into the catheter and pushed up to the end.
Jones right on my left was placing a catheter into a vein in the left arm because he handed me a necessary instrument which I needed in the performance of the procedure.
This was undoubtedly incident to a catheter cutdown having been placed in this leg for administration of blood and fluids while he was in the hospital.
In spite of the signs of pregnancy already noted, palpitation and percussion did not show any augmentation in the size of the uterus, but the introduction of a catheter into the bladder showed the existence of a large calculus.
Barwell mentions a case in which a gum elastic catheter that had been passed into the vagina for the purpose of producing abortion became impacted in the pelvis for twenty months, and was then removed.
A catheter was kept in the urethra for some days, and the opening eventually closed by granulation.
As a catheter would not pass, he was placed in a warm bath, and shortly after passed a Mauser bullet per urethram, and thus saved himself a cystotomy.
As there was evidence of considerable infiltration in the buttock, the original entry wound was enlarged, and a catheter was tied into the bladder.
The dog being placed upon its side, and retained there in a position such as the operator may think most advantageous to his movements, the catheter is introduced with one hand while the penis is held by the other.
When a fit occurs, nothing should during its existence be given by the mouth, except with the stomach-pump, or by means of a large-sized catheter introduced into the pharynx.
These may not be perceptible if the bladder be loaded; but if the catheter be employed to draw off the urine, they will surely be felt.
The catheter then glides forward, and the operator, resigning the hold of the penis to his assistant, passes his free hand to the perinaeum.
I believe I was the first practitioner in England who used the catheter for the dog, though prior to my doing so, reports were published of the instrument having been employed in France.
On the Continent, however, I have heard of no one who had thought of introducing a catheterinto the bladder of the bitch.
The catheter will serve to conduct away the flatus, and when, after eight or ten days, its removal becomes necessary, this is very easily effected by drawing out the ribbon-like pieces of lint which were used as packing.
A large flexible catheter if a child, a stomach-tube if an adult, is inserted into the rectum.
The rectum was so narrowed by the thickening of its wall that a femalecatheter could not be passed through it.
The use of the sound or catheter is much more justifiable than in the acute variety.
Some have been systematically fed by means of a catheter passed through a nasal passage and thus on into the oesophagus.
In these cases the patient often suffers from collections of flatus, which may be obviated at the time of packing by placing a flexible catheter in the bowel and packing around it.
The urine is often voided with difficulty, and sometimes retained, so that resort to a catheter becomes necessary.
When swallowing is impracticable, nourishment by enema is indicated, with forced feeding by means of a catheterpassed through the larger of the two nasal passages into the oesophagus.
The best plan under such circumstances is to pass a catheter into the stomach through the larger of the two nasal passages, and retain it in position unless its presence interferes too much with respiration.
I went to see her and against the protests of the mother I used the catheter and took away an enormous quantity of urine.
The rubber can then be detached from the catheterand the water allowed to run out.
Some patients keep a catheter and "draw" their own urine.
Hung near the chest should be a fountain syringe with the rubber catheter for use in irrigating the bowels and a hot water bag.
On the 3d of July, a flexible Catheter was introduced into the Bladder, and left there, in order that the Urine might drain away as fast as it was secreted, and the Bladder be allowed to contract, and recover its Tone.
The Cathetergave him no Pain, and he thought himself much easier by the Bladder's never being too much stretched; but on taking out the Catheter some Days after, he had the same Stoppage of Water as before.
Or the surgeon may find that in addition to the regular passing of a large catheter an occasional washing-out of the bladder with hot boracic lotion is all that is needed in the way of active treatment.
Then the india-rubber tube is removed from the silver catheter by which the injection has been made, and the end of the catheter is plugged by a spigot.
In some people the very first passing of a catheter sets up a local and constitutional disturbance, the bladder being rendered irritable and intolerant, the temperature going up, and shiverings and perspirations manifesting themselves.
This condition was formerly called "catheter fever," and was looked upon as something mysterious and peculiar.
Bleeding having ceased, the bladder-wound is partly or entirely closed by sutures and allowed to fall into the pelvis, the catheter having been removed.
His urine should be drawn off by a soft catheter at regular intervals for a few days.
If there is no great urgency about the case this treatment may well be tried, the bladder being all the while duly emptied by catheter and washed by irrigation.
Lastly, in other persons the passing of the catheter is attended with so much difficulty, distress or bleeding, that something more helpful and effectual is urgently called for.
If there is no obstruction to the flow of urine, the retention being due to atony or paralysis, a soft catheter is passed and the water drawn off.
If the urine is foul, the bladder should be frequently washed out by a soft catheter and two or three feet of india-rubber tubing with a funnel at the other end, weak and abundant hot lotions of Sanitas or Condy's fluid being used.
Another way of cystitis being set up is by the introduction of the germs of suppuration by a catheter or bougie sweeping them in from the urethra; or the instrument itself may be unsterilized and dirty and so may introduce them.
It should also be mentioned that the urine sometimes stops, or at least becomes very scanty and thick, in which case a little sweet nitre may be given, or if necessary the catheter must be used.
If on making the attempt the urine does not flow, the catheter must be used, and the sooner the better.
If this does not relieve, the catheter must be used, and always before the bladder is too full.
The state of the bladder especially should be observed, and if it be full and the female unable to urinate, the catheter should be passed.
The bladder should be also looked to, as well as the bowels, and if necessary the catheter should be used.
The pain arising from retention of the urine has often been supposed to arise from inflammation of the womb, or bowels--neither patient nor physician knowing its real source, till the passage by the catheter gave relief.
If these fail, and the urine accumulates, the catheter must be used.
A pair of sharp scissors, with a piece of strong thread or cord, are indispensable, and a female catheter may be needed.
It is then much pressed upon and swollen, and being much longer, and bent out of its usual course, the urine is often passed with difficulty, and the catheter can scarcely be introduced.
One woman, when a catheter was introduced into the anus, said it might be the vagina or urethra, but was certainly not the anus.
To this end one of the tapes is made fast, so that when the catheter is withdrawn from the nose, the sponge is pulled up into the post-nasal space; the other end hangs out of the mouth.
It may be necessary to alter the curve more than once in order to get the point of the catheter to exactly engage into the orifice of the Eustachian tube.
The passing of the catheter through the nose may set up a violent spasm of sneezing or coughing.
When the beak has entered the post-nasal space, the irritation may cause such intense contraction of the palatal muscles that the point of the catheter may become fixed and its movement rendered impossible.
If it be obstructed catheterization may be impossible, or some special manipulation will be required in order to pass the catheter through the nose.
With regard to the best method of introducing the beak of the catheter into the orifice of the Eustachian tube, opinions vary.
A catheter of wide calibre is passed in the ordinary manner.
Sometimes, indeed, the catheter may make a complete rotation during its passage through the nose.
If there are any scybala left in the rectum it is better to inject a little warm olive oil into it through a catheter before the bowels are expected to act.
To indicate the position of the point of the catheter in the post-nasal space, a ring is attached to its outer and wider extremity corresponding with the concavity of the curvature of its beak (Fig.
The catheter is pushed backwards until it is felt to impinge against the posterior wall of the naso-pharynx.
The catheter being now withdrawn, and the finger or a pair of forceps introduced into the bladder, the calculus may be grasped and extracted.
The stomach of the baby may be reached with little trouble by using a small rubber catheter attached to a glass funnel and a solution of bicarbonate of soda.
In these cases a small rubber catheter is introduced into the stomach through the nostrils and the milk or other fluid poured through the tube.
The formula is prepared in the same way as for bottle feeding, and is poured into a glass funnel and through the soft rubber catheter into the stomach.
To-day she passed water for the first time for four years, and the catheter was never again used.
On the fourth day she passed urine spontaneously, and the catheter was never again used.
He was soon able to empty the organ twice a day, and since leaving the hospital writes that it gives him very little annoyance, though as a measure of precaution he uses a catheter once daily.
Paralysis of the bladder immediately followed the appearance of pus in the urine, and from that time the urine was never spontaneously voided, and the catheter was always used.
It is recommended to use the clitoris as the guide, placing the finger on this, and moving the point of the instrument thence downwards; but when this method is pursued, the catheter is apt to enter the more patent passage.
A catheterwas passed, and retained for three days.
In cases of chronic abscess, the catheter must be used, and does no harm.
In some cases of enlargement and displacement of the neighbouring parts, the urethra is elongated, and its course irregular; in such, a long elastic catheter is required.
The abscess must be freely opened as soon as its seat is discovered; and until the evacuation of the matter, the use of the catheter should be deferred if possible.
In retention from inflamed urethra, the catheter should, if possible, be dispensed with.
Examination of the tumour, per anum, is very often a painful proceeding; it is best accomplished after a catheter or sound has been introduced.
The callous margins of the fissure, formed by the corpora cavernosa and glans, were carefully pared, and, a catheter having been introduced, the raw surfaces were retained in apposition by suture.
In over-distended bladder from paralysis, the catheter can in general be passed without difficulty.
Personally I feel sure that more generally applied this would put off the necessity for using a catheter a good deal and even save some cases from operation that now seem to need it.
If these patients, however, have heard much of the trials and sufferings of a catheter life, the solicitude aroused with regard to their condition is sufficient of itself to disturb their urination to a marked degree.
If impure air gets into the bladder this will also excite cystitis; to prevent that, is to close with the finger the outlet of the catheter that is used for drawing off the urine, when withdrawing the instrument, a precaution seldom observed.
If the urine does not pass, a soft rubber catheter should be employed for the purpose of drawing it off.
A freely communicating external wound prevents the employment of the catheter from being essential.
Here the catheter caused so much irritation that it was withdrawn; but the posterior wound soon ceased to discharge urine, and in eighteen days the anterior wound was free from discharge also.
If this too fails and strangury ensues, it will be necessary to resort to the use of a sound or catheter (argaliam), so that when the stone is pushed away from the neck of the bladder the passage may be opened and the urine may flow out.
Singularly enough the catheter is not mentioned, though this instrument, under the medieval name of argalia (cf.
More resistance was at first encountered than had usually been the case, but after several trials the catheter entered, without any violence, its full length.
In the channel, which was found almost free from pus, lay the flexible catheter introduced into the wound at the commencement of the autopsy.
If the water flows in gently, the child may not object to it to the extent of making strenuous efforts to force the catheter out.
From six to eight ounces of the infusion of quassia is then passed, as high up as the catheter will reach.
For this reason it is essential that the catheter should be all in and in the bowel--not doubled on itself two or three inches in the bowel.
The object of letting the water run while pushing in the catheter is because it floats up with the water as it distends the bowel; there is no risk then of pushing the end into the intestinal wall or hurting the child.
A catheter may be put on the tip of the syringe if it is thought best to inject higher up than in the rectum.
In all of these experiments caffein was given by means of a soft rubber catheter slipped over the stem of a funnel which served as a stomach tube.
Obviously then the passing of the soft rubber catheter is not the cause of this condition of the gastro-intestinal canal nor the diet.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "catheter" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
