At the dorsal side of the hemispheres is seen the pineal gland (pn).
The pineal gland lies in the cranial wall and not deeply between the hemispheres, and its stalk is longer and tilts forward.
On the dorsal side of the fore-brain is a structure to be dealt with more fully later, the pineal gland (p.
Finally, we may note the pineal gland and the pituitary body, as remarkable appendages above and below the thalamencephalon.
This glandular-looking material is shown surrounding the pineal eye and its nerve, in Fig.
Thus the one living vertebrate which is comparable with these extinct fishes is the one in which one of the pineal eyes is most well defined, most nearly functional.
Acilius as described by Patten; then, with the forward growth of the upper lip, the right pineal eye was dragged forward and its nerve pulled horizontally over the ganglion habenulae.
Let us turn now to the right pinealeye of Ammocoetes (Fig.
We allude to what is known as "The Pineal Gland" theory.
This Pineal Gland is, according to the Occultists, the receiving instrument for the "wireless Mind Reading," and in fact it resembles the actual receiver of the wireless telegraph in more than one respect.
While the structure in Hatteria shows it to be an eye, its position corresponds with that of the pineal gland of vertebrates generally; so that we find, in fact, the trace of a third eye in all vertebrates, including ourselves.
This pineal eye has been compared in structure to the eye of Ascidians.
This point where the soul has its seat, is, according to Descartes, not the whole brain but the pineal gland, a little kernel in the middle of the brain.
The pineal gland is, therefore, the chief seat of the soul, and the place where all our thoughts are formed.
Here also the pineal body is long and tubular: at its origin it passes dorsalwards or slightly backwards behind the large dorsal sac.
In some cases a longitudinal groove is present in which the pineal organ lies (Dipneusti).
In the immediate neighbourhood of these ganglia there project upwards two diverticula of the brain-roof known as the pineal organ and the parapineal (or anterior parietal) organ.
In the Crossopterygians the dorsal sac is particularly large and was formerly mistaken for the pineal organ.
A parapineal rudiment appears in the embryo of some forms, but in the adult only the pineal organ is known to exist.
It is stated that the fibres from the pineal organ pass into the posterior commissure, those of the parapineal organ into the habenular commissure.
This is adduced to support the view that the pinealand parapineal bodies represent originally paired structures.
Western physiologists are at sea regarding the function and office of this interesting organ, or gland, and the text books generally content themselves with stating that "the functions of the Pineal Gland are not understood.
The Pineal Gland The Pineal Gland is a mass of nervous substance which is found located in the human brain in a position near the middle of the skull, almost directly above the extreme top of the spinal column.
We refer to that strange organ or gland known to western science as the Pineal Gland.
The pineal gland--the mystery gland of the human brain.
The pineal gland may be the answer to perfect psychiatric diagnosis, because it seems that it translates the brain waves into actual pictures.
And he perceived that tracts and structures in her brain glowed and stirred as he had seen the pineal eye in the brain of Mr. Vincey glow.
Since that experience he has been shown anatomical figures of the brain, and he knows now that this is that useless structure, as doctors call it, the pineal eye.
In the Lacertilia the pineal eye, if it be an eye, is better developed than in any existing vertebrate, though even in them there is no evidence of its being used for sight.
Behind the so-called pineal eye and its stalk is the epiphysis or pineal body, and sometimes there is a dorsal sac between them (see fig.
If the velum interpositum be now carefully raised from before backward, the optic thalami, third ventricle, pineal body and corpora quadrigemina are exposed.
From its broad anterior end two white bands, the peduncles of the pineal body, pass forward, one on the inner side of each optic thalamus.
The brain of the Dipnoi, or mud fish, shows no very important developments, except that the anterior pineal organ or paraphysis is large (Saunders, Ann.
At the posterior end of this is the pineal body, which the section has just escaped.
This is one great difference between the development of this organ and that of the true eyes; indeed it has been suggested that the pineal is an organ of thermal sense and not the remains of a median eye at all.
The superior pair of these bodies is overlapped by the pineal body and forms part of the lower visual centres.
The pineal body is a reddish cone-shaped body situated upon the anterior pair of the corpora quadrigemina (see figs.
The pineal body is rudimentary, and the optic lobes are now, and throughout the Mammalia, subdivided into four corpora quadrigemina.
From the small left ganglion habenulae a still more rudimentary pineal stalk projects, and there are signs of a third outgrowth (paraphysis) in front of these.
Well, Mr Rose,' he said at last, 'if you want something of that sort to happen to one of your characters I should put him through the War and let him get a bash over the pineal gland.
The Pineal Gland had no known function, so Descartes declared it to be the seat of the soul.
Morphology teaches us now that the Pineal Gland is the last vestige of an eye which once belonged to a reptile long extinct.
Persistence of the thymus or pineal gland tends to a prolongation of the infantile and child types, that will be taken advantage of.
The pineal possibly acts as a brake upon the adrenal cortex.
It is interesting that Descartes, in 1628, considered the pineal the seat of the soul.
When such abnormalities of adrenal, pituitary, thymus or pineal occur in girls, it is the masculine streak in the hastening of growth that is made manifest.
Ten-day-old tadpoles fed on pineal present a marked translucency of the skin due to a retraction of the skin pigment cells.
The earlier puberty and menstruation of the warmer climates may be explained as due to an earlier regression of the pineal under the pressure of a great amount of light playing upon the skin.
The Pineal Era, from the second to the tenth to fourteenth years, remains to be investigated from a number of viewpoints interesting to the parent, the educator, and the student of puericulture.
Newer studies of the pineal in this disease during life by means of the X-ray have shown it calcified, that is, buried in lime salts, which signifies put out of business.
For a long time, indeed up to scarcely more than a few decades or so ago, the pineal was believed to have no present function at all, or at least no ascertainable or accessible duty in the body economy.
There must be a certain atrophy and retrogression of the thymus gland, and there must likewise be a similar atrophy and retirement of the pineal gland.
The pineal gland has some definite relation to muscle chemistry not yet probed.
The meeting of the mortal and the immortal on Mount Meru, the pineal gland.
To be intelligible we replace the opalescent shining by the terms of the anatomist, and we speak of the pineal gland and the pituitary body in the same breath with the Most High.
But there was a third eye at the back of the head, the atrophied remnant of which is now known as the pineal gland.
In some animals it is connected with a rudimentary eye, the so-called pineal eye, and in other animals it is supposed to be the remnant of a dorsal median eye.
Defn: A band of nervous or fibrous matter connecting different parts of the brain; as, the peduncles of the cerebellum; the peduncles of the pineal gland.
Mind, driven from the field of extension, erects its last fortress in the pineal gland.
On one hand the animal spirits "reflected"[45] from the image formed on the pineal gland proceed through the nervous tubes to make the muscles turn the back and lift the feet, so as to escape the cause of the terror.
This is the so-called conarion, or pineal gland, where in a minimized point the mind on one hand and the vital spirits on the other meet and communicate.
The famous pineal gland has lately been recognized by comparative anatomists as the rudiment of a single organ of vision, the pineal eye (which is still found in certain reptiles).
Some say that it has two souls, because it is furnished with two pineal glands, with two callous substances, with two "sensoria communia.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "pineal" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
