Finally, the position of the jugal with respect to the naso-frontal hinge is about the same in the two species.
The upward swing of the quadrate pushes the jugal bar, which is attached to its lateral tip, along its longitudinal axis, in an anterodorsal direction, and the force is transferred to the upper mandible, which is thereby elevated.
The position of the jugal bar has remained about the same with respect to the cranial part of the skull, and the entire cranial part of the skull is almost the same shape in the species studied.
The skull (plates 22-24) is complete and unbroken (a fracture in the rightjugal has healed).
A quadrato-jugal is well marked, but the quadrate consists of a piece of cartilage at the posterior end of the quadrato-jugal between the pterygoid and the squamosal.
Skull medium in size; rostrum narrow and long; pterygoid fossae ovoid; cutting edge of upper incisors narrow; external auditory meatus round and small; jugalstraight or nearly so.
Attached to it or the neighbouring frontal is often a supraorbital; infraorbitals occur also, attached to the jugal or downward process of the lacrymal.
The maxillaries are connected with the distal anterior corner of the quadrate by the thin, splint-like jugal and quadratojugal.
In Ornithostoma the lateral temporal vacuity is little more than a slit between the quadrate bone below, the quadrato-jugal in front, and what may be the post-frontal bone behind (see Fig.
Between the post-frontal bone above and the quadrato-jugal bone below is a small lunate opening, which represents the lateral temporal vacuity; and so far, this is a reptilian character.
Cretaceous Ornithosaurs sometimes differ from birds apparently in admitting the quadrato-jugal bone into the orbit.
The zygomatic arch usually incomplete, owing to the absence of the jugal bone; no distinct lacrymal bone; and the palate long and narrow.
The zygomatic arch is incomplete, the rod-like jugal only articulating with the maxilla in front, and not reaching the short zygomatic process of the squamosal.
In Proechimys a dorso-ventrally narrow jugal is the rule, but P.
The skull differs in shape, and greatly in the angle formed by the union of the pre-maxillary, nasal, and maxillo- jugal bones.
In size and shape of the lacrimal processes, and the great thickening of the jugal at the maxillo-jugal suture they approach robustus.
The general configuration of the skull and a majority of the critical diagnostic characters, for example, jugal thickening, are more nearly as in aureiventris.
They are covered dorsally and laterally by the parietal, squamosal, postfrontal, postorbital, quadratojugal and jugal bones.
In Thrinaxodon the dorsal and ventral postorbital processes, arising from the postorbital and jugal bones respectively, nearly meet but remain separate.
The masseter probably arose from the quadratojugal, the jugal, and ventral parts of the squamosal, although scars on the quadratojugal and jugal are lacking.
At the back of the orbit of Thrinaxodon, the postorbital process of the jugalextends posterodorsally.
The jugal bone, absent in Manis, is small in Myrmecophaga; the clavicle is absent and again small or rudimentary in the Anteaters; it is large in other Edentates.
The skull of the animal is remarkable for the extraordinary development in breadth of the jugal arch, which is sculptured externally.
The skull, which is small for the size of the creature, has a complete jugal arch, from the middle of which depends a downward process as in other allied forms.
As in many Marsupials, the jugal bone sometimes extends backwards to the glenoid cavity, where the lower jaw articulates.
The brain case is small relatively to the face; the orbital and temporal fossae are in communication, though the frontal and jugal bones are united behind the orbit.
The jugal is large, and is not divided into two pieces as it is in the Ziphioids.
The jugal bone lies in the middle of the zygomatic arch, which is complete and enormously enlarged in the Spotted Cavy (Coelogenys paca).
The jugal bone, however, is not, as it is in the Elephant, placed in the middle of the somewhat massive zygomatic arch.
It differs from the bulk of the American Edentates in having a complete jugal arch.
The zygomatic arch of Hedgehogs and Gymnura is very slender, the jugal being but little developed and the squamosal and maxillae meeting one another; in the Centetidae the jugal is absent and the arch is incomplete.
The zygomatic process of the squamosal is extremely large and extends forwards to meet the supra-orbital process of the frontal; the zygomatic process of the jugal is on the contrary very slender.
In poisonous snakes the place of the jugal is taken by the zygomatic ligament which connects the quadrate and maxillae.
The squamosal is drawn out into a strong forwardly-directed =zygomatic process= which meets the jugal or malar.
The lachrymal and jugal form a considerable part of the side of the face; and the orbit though small is complete and prominent.
The occurrence of a postfrontal and its union with the jugal behind the orbit, are characteristic reptilian features.
The zygomatic arch is very slender, and is mainly formed by a rod-like process from the jugal (fig.
In Coelogenys the jugal and maxillary portion of the zygomatic arch is greatly expanded and roughened, and the maxillary portion encloses a large cavity.
The zygomatic arch is fairly strong, and the frontal and jugal give rise to postorbital processes which nearly or quite (Tupaia) meet.
This is a small membrane bone lying between the frontal and palatine behind, and the maxillae and jugal in front.
The jugal forms part of the glenoid cavity for articulation with the mandible, and also extends forwards so as to meet the lachrymal.
The zygomatic arch is complete, but the jugal is short and only forms the middle of it.
The zygomatic arch is incomplete, and the jugal (fig.
The jugal always extends back to form part of the glenoid fossa.
The lachrymal may either be united to the jugal or may be large and distinct.
Bagadotten carrier, stands in obvious relation to the curvature of the upper jaw, and more especially to the angle formed by the maxillo-jugal arch with the premaxillary bones.
The skull differs in shape, and greatly in the angle formed by the union of the premaxillary, nasal, and maxillo-jugal bones.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "jugal" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
