His diplomatic schemes were determined by his able secretary Cardinal Consalvi, who not only at the Vienna Congress, but also subsequently by several concordats secured the fullest possible expression to the interests and claims of the curia.
The concordatsconcluded during this period were not able to secure enforcement over against the liberal current that had set in with redoubled power in 1860, and so one thing after another was thrown overboard.
The statesmen there say, "We have no Concordats to defend, for they have fallen with the old Governments; the State has no longer any concern with religion and the Church, which are mere private affairs of the individual.
In the sense of the secular authority, these concordats are acts of incorporation, and surrendering them by the church would be the surrender of its charter by a corporation.
Hence the reason why the church has found concordats with the secular powers so necessary.
The church has concordats with the greater part of the European states, and yet while in certain respects they trammel her freedom, they afford her little or no protection.
Yet even as expedients concordats have been at best only partially successful, and now seem on the point of failing altogether.
The effects of concordats and bulls alike are tempered by the exercise by the civil power of certain traditional reserved rights, e.
In the latter these relations are regulated either by concordatsbetween the governments and the Holy See, or by bulls of circumscription issued by the pope after negotiation.
The government had ceased to respect its concordats with the Holy See.
But there are concordats which must be respected and faithfully executed.
It is plain that the agreements under the concordats have a certain action upon a number of points in the canonical laws; and all these points go to constitute the local concordatory law.
Having made this remark, we must distinguish between the countries which are still subject to the system of concordats and other countries.
The concordats are of the nature of truces in the perennial conflict between the spiritual and secular powers, and imply in principle no surrender of the claims of the one to those of the other.
The foregoing statements must not be taken to mean that concordats are in their nature perpetual, and that they cannot be broken or denounced.
They may make certain concessions or privileges once given without any corresponding obligation; they constitute for a given country a special ecclesiastical law; and it is thus that writers have sometimes spoken of concordats as privileges.
It is for this reason that concordats always present a clearly marked character of mutual concession, each of the two powers renouncing certain of its claims in the interests of peace.
On several occasions concordats have established a new division of dioceses, and provided that future erections or divisions should be made by a common accord.
Certain concordats deal with the orders and congregations of monks and nuns with a view to subjecting them to a certain control while securing to them the legal exercise of their activities.
The numerous concordats concluded towards the middle of the 19th century with several of the South American republics either have not come into force or have been denounced and replaced by a more or less pacific modus vivendi.
Scholars agree in associating the earliest concordats with the celebrated contest about investitures (q.
They have thus upheld the true contractual nature of concordats and the mutual juridical obligation which results from them.
Since concordats are contracts they give rise to that special mutual obligation which results from every agreement freely entered into; for a contract is binding on both parties to it.
It is to concordats in this later sense that this article refers.
We conclude with a brief chronological survey of the concordats during the 19th century, some now abrogated or replaced, others maintained.
Again, it is quite certain that the spiritual matters upon which concordatsbear do not concern the two powers in the same manner and in the same degree; and in this sense concordats are not perfectly equal agreements.
Footnote 5141: Notes by Napoleon on the "Les Quatre Concordats de M.
By various Concordatsthe Papacy had agreed to abrogate this right wholly or partly.
In some countries, churches have secured a large measure of religious liberty or autonomy by means of Concordats with the civil Power.
Each of these concordats supposes that the Pope possesses some power in the country, which he is enabled to concede to the sovereign with whom the concordat is made.
But when worldly power was taken away, when concordats were broken, when heresy rose up in her midst, the enemies of the church fell upon her, and in their onslaught tore up kingdoms by the root and trampled order in the dust.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "concordats" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
