Such natural immunity seemed to be unconnected with defence by phagocytosis, for the leucocytes of the animal might or might not have phagocytic reaction to the particular organisms to which the animal was immune.
The other form of amoeboid cell, which Metschnikoff calls the macrophage, has more feeble phagocytic action towards bacteria, and these are rarely found enclosed within them.
He further finds that the cells of the body which have phagocytic powers turn their activity against cells and tissues which have become weakened.
Metchnikoff read a paper on the phagocytic reaction against toxins and another dealing with the whole of the knowledge acquired concerning human plague.
The complexity of biological phenomena being very great, he fully admitted the possibility of other means of defence in the organism besides that of the phagocytic reaction.
What, then, is the mechanism of phagocytic digestion?
By discovering the phagocytic reaction of the organism, he made a first breach in his philosophy of human nature, hitherto so pessimistic; he discovered within it a salutary element which could be utilised by science to combat its discords.
The origin of this property must be more recent than that of the phagocytic reaction, for it does not exist in plants or in inferior animals.
And then he studied relapsing fever in order to answer Baumgarten's objections, affirming that there was no phagocyticreaction in that disease, though it almost invariably ended in recovery.
He compared the phagocytes to an army hurling itself upon the enemy and looked upon the phagocytic reaction as a defensive force of the organism.
The phenomena of atrophy in general and of senile decay afford other cases of tissue destruction in which the phagocytic character of the process is more modified and obscure than in nerve-cells and ova.
The phagocytic action is not so manifest as in the case of infectious diseases, partly because it is the method of macrophags to absorb the contents of the higher cells extremely slowly.
Increase in their number practically always produces an increase in the total leukocyte count, and has already been discussed under "phagocytic leukocytosis.
The number of bacteria which have been taken up by a definite number of leukocytes is counted, and the average number of bacteria per leukocyte is calculated; this gives the "phagocytic index.
Non-phagocytic leukocytosis is probably due more to stimulation of blood-making organs than to chemotaxis.
Theoretically, there should be a subdivision of phagocytic leukocytosis for each variety of phagocyte, e.
The phagocytic index of the blood under investigation, divided by that of the normal blood, gives the opsonic index of the former, the opsonic index of the normal blood being taken as 1.
By this classification we may distinguish two types of leukocytosis, according to the type of cell chiefly affected: a phagocytic and a non-phagocytic type.
Some of the reasons for this are as follows: The limit of error in phagocytic counts may be as great as 50 per cent.
The number so obtained Wright calls the phagocytic index of the serum tested.
The phagocyticindex of a given serum divided by the phagocytic index of a normal serum gives the opsonic index of the serum tested.
The roll-call of the phagocytic army would be a long task.
The generality of the phenomenon results from the leucocyte preserving its phagocytic faculty in all its peregrinations, and these peregrinations are unlimited.
The average number of bacteria contained within leucocytes in the case tested, divided by the number given by the normal serum, is called the phagocytic index.
It was found that the tissues were attacked by phagocyticcells that became enlarged and carried away fragments of the tissue; the cells were subsequently identified as leucocytes or blood-cells.
This view is confirmed by the fate of the phagocytic cells.
Beyond this phagocytic action, they do not appear to play any direct part in the reparative process.
The average number of bacilli ingested per leucocyte = the "phagocytic index.
We see, then, that in such invertebrates, just as in the vertebrate, modifications of the true excretory organ may give rise to phagocytic glands of the nature of lymphatic glands.
If we turn now to the invertebrates, we see also how close a connection exists between lymphatic and phagocytic organs and excretory organs.
In all cases he finds that a phagocytic action with respect to solid {421}bodies is a property of the leucocytes, and that these leucocytes which are found in the coelomic spaces of the Annelida, etc.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "phagocytic" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
