The gregariousness of the pack is variable; probably, amongst wolves, it was much greater anciently than it is to-day.
There are conflicting statements about the gregariousness of wolves that have been studied in different countries.
Euro"Forms ofgregariousness amongst Mammalia; the hunting-pack most likely original of human society.
Gregariousness exists widely in the animal kingdom without any utility in attack or defence, but merely for convenience of breeding, or for the advantage of signalling the approach of danger, from any direction, to the whole flock.
The pack was a means of increasing the supply of food per unit; andgregariousness increased by natural selection up to the limit set by utility.
It is his gregariousnessthat makes the Frenchman polite and his politeness which permits of democracy.
Gregariousness was supreme on this day of victory; democracy triumphant.
Man's gregariousness stems largely from his need to unload his troubles on someone else.
He has passed within the historical period from a tribal gregariousness to a nearly cosmopolitan tolerance.
Why should gregariousness drive a man to God rather than to the third-class carriage and the public-house?
Why shouldgregariousness drive men out of crowded Egyptian cities into the cells of the Thebaid?
Students should refer to examples of gregariousness from their own observations of animals.
Such animals are said to be gregarious in habit, and this gregariousness is undoubtedly advantageous to the individuals of the band.
After this a newly-arisen tendency to gregariousness groups them into large flocks, and finally they fly away to the place whence they came, goaded by a similar instinct to that which drove them forth a few months previously.
The gregariousness of all our domestic species is, I think, the primary reason why some of them are extinct in a wild state.
She was a leading mind, overlooking gregariousness through a pince-nez.
Gregariousness was shedding its fleeces and taking little cardboard tickets in exchange.
But greater gregariousness arises where agriculture makes possible the support of a large number on a small area; and where the accompanying development of industries introduces many and various cooeperations.
More clearly in the case of human beings than in that of other animals is it shown that gregariousness establishes itself because it profits the variety.
But in respect of definiteness and permanence, the relations between animals in a state of gregariousness fall far short of the relations between individuals in the rudest human society.
Subsequently man became carnivorous; but even when getting his living by fishing or hunting, he may still have continued as a rule this solitary kind of life, or gregariousness may have become his habit only in part.
When gregariousness became an advantage to man, he would feel inclined to remain with those with whom he was living even after the family had fulfilled its object--the preservation of {197} the helpless offspring.
Pettit (1940) claimed that in Blattella germanica gregariousness seemed to depend on the mutual attractiveness of body secretions as well as a thigmopositive behavior and love of warmth.
We wonder whether this gregariousness was not imposed by the restricted quarters of the cage.
Gregariousness in the Orthoptera varies in intensity according to the species and within a species according to the age or physiological state of the insects (Chopard, 1938).
Ledoux (1945) has studied experimentally gregariousness and social interattraction in Blatta orientalis and Blattella germanica.
On the one hand, gregariousness is at its strongest in the healthy adolescent, the force of public opinion is more intensely felt than at any other time of life, that priceless quality the spirit of comradeship is most easily educed.
So that individualism and gregariousness are both represented in the full life of the Spirit; and however personal its achievement may seem to us, it has also a definitely corporate and institutional aspect.
We call the disposition to live in the herd and to move in masses, gregariousness, and this gregariousness is ordinarily regarded as an instinct and undoubtedly is pretty largely determined in the original nature of gregarious animals.
In interpreting into mental terms the consequences of gregariousness we may conveniently begin with the simplest.
This attitude may be due to the fact that among mammals, at any rate, the appearance of gregariousness has not been accompanied by any very gross physical changes which are obviously associated with it.
If, then, it can be shown that gregariousness is of a biological significance approaching in importance that of the other instincts we may expect to find in it the source of these anomalies of conduct, and of the complexity of human behavior.
From the biological standpoint the probability of gregariousness being a primitive and fundamental quality in man seems to be considerable.
Nor does the imperfect gregariousness of man always save us from ill-considered rushes or strangulous in-turnings of the social mass.
A study of bees and ants shows at once how fundamental the importance of gregariousness may become.
Man's gregariousness and his instinctive sympathy with his own kind make it easy for the individual to identify his own life with that of the group.
For reasons already discussed in connection with man's instinctive gregariousness and the emotional sway which habits of thought have over men, dissent is regarded with suspicion.
While gregariousness is the foundation of group solidarity, it also interferes with the solidarity of large groups, and not infrequently brings about conflicts between them, and within groups themselves.
This is primarily due to the fact that while men are by nature gregarious, their gregariousness early becomes specialized and aroused exclusively by people for whom they develop a sense of personal affection and common sympathy.
The instinct of gregariousness seems unquestionably to be most intense where there is intimacy and vividness of group association.
Gregariousness and curiosity appear to be the main characteristics of the walrus.
But coupled with uncontrolled pugnacity, tribal gregariousness grows into violent partisanship as against other groups, and greatly strengthens the instinct to coercion, the desire to impose our power.
Gregariousness or sociality favours the growth of sympathy; increased sympathy conduces to closer sociality and a more stable social state; and so, continuously, each increment of the one makes possible a further increment of the other.
