During the years from the ninth to the thirteenth century, while the Japanese isolated themselves from the mainland, the Sung Chinese were learning of new glazesfar more subtle and refined than those employed during the T'ang.
The colors of the glazes were natural and organic, not hard and artificial.
Zen, which had brought Chinese glazes to Japan in the thirteenth century, sparked the emergence of a brilliant era of glazed ceramic art in the sixteenth.
Also, the colors of the glazes just happen to contrast beautifully with the pale sea-green of the powdered tea.
Raku wares were first made in black with an iron-like glaze that is almost like frozen lava, but the later repertory included glazes that were partly or wholly red or off-white.
However, technical advances in the high-firing kilns brought about subtle changes in the mock-glazes of the aristocratic wares.
Left to his own resources--for there was nobody to instruct him--he succeeded by perseverance and industry in finding out the process for making the different coloured glazes that the Moors had used long before him.
Most of the glazes which had been used for the soft porcelain could be adapted to this one, a property which was of great service when the pieces had to be decorated.
The materials used for the foundation of glazes are in principle the same as those for the body, viz.
Lately, however, the science of making glazes has considerably improved, and a variety of new substances have been introduced.
The colours in use for printing under the glaze are not many; as few only of the preparations made with metallic oxides can, when brought to a red heat, stand the action of the glazes under which they are laid.
Every manufacturer has receipts of his own, and I must say that some make their glazes a great deal better than others.
When the components of the glazes are not soluble in water, it may be sufficient to have them finely ground in water.
Directing his efforts at first to reproducing the deep green and straw-yellow glazes of China, he had exhausted almost his entire resources before success came, and even then the public was slow to recognize the merits of his ware.
Its potters took flambe glazes for models, and their pieces possessed an air of novelty that attracted connoisseurs.
Salmon-coloured, red, yellow and white glazes are also found, and in late specimens gilding was added.
Nevertheless he persevered, and in 1838 we find him producing not only green and yellow monochromes, but also greyish white and mirror-black glazes of high excellence.
Miyagawa Shozan, or Makuzu, as he is generally called, has never followed Seifu's example in descending from the difficult manipulation of coloured glazes to the comparatively simple process of painted biscuit.
So thoroughly had he now mastered the management of glazes that he could combine yellow, green, white and claret colour in regular patches to imitate tortoise-shell.
Matt glazes are not underfired glazes nor are they deadened by acid or sand blast.
Clear glazes are compound silicates of lead, zinc, lime, potassium, sodium, aluminum and boron.
It was mentioned in the last chapter that the best bright glazes for low temperature work are bisilicates, having an oxygen ratio of 1:2.
As glazes are ground in water it is essential that the substances used be insoluble.
The glazes of this latter period are hard, unalterable and of fine colors, some under the XIIth are fine but often they are decomposed.
Properties of the Bodies and Glazes during Firing--Description of the Kilns--Working of the Kilns.
Glazes and such manipulations require a solid under-painting, and a comparative completion of the picture for safe work.
The Germans perhaps made glazes with white of egg before oil was used as a vehicle.
Of great body, itglazes and works well both in water and oil.
Prussian blue dries and glazes well in oil, but its great and principal use is in painting deep blues, in which its body helps to secure its permanence, and its transparency gives force to its depth.
He hated leadless glazes more than he hated anything, except the benevolent people who had organised the agitation for their use.
Leadless glazes ain't only fit for buns," he said.
Alt Pinakothek, Munich] He suggests that the colour was once bright and varied, and that by varnish and glazes it has been reduced to its present harmonious condition.
A genuine scalloped tablet is faintly visible under the dark glazes which cover the background; and this, no doubt, bears the original inscription and date.
This is especially necessary when firing the glazes described in the following section, which require the same temperature as modelling clay.
Blue glazes must have come into use in very early times, as blue is stated to have been the color of the vases of the Tsin dynasty (A.
Some of the glazeshave been applied at a somewhat lower temperature, called by the French demi-grand feu.
The variegated and mottled glazes may properly be included under this head, as they owe their appearance not so much to a difference in the coloring-matter as in the mode in which it is applied.
The brown and coffee-colored glazes do not appear to be very ancient, as Pere d'Entrecolles, writing in 1712, mentions them as recent inventions.
There is a considerable variety in the colored glazes which are thus crackled.
It is probable that many of the specimens which are covered with single glazes are of a coarse ware--rather a kind of stone-ware than true porcelain.
The purple tint derived from oxide of manganese was known from very early times; the colour has been found in the glazes of the First Dynasty.
I can find no record of any analysis of this yellow colour, but we may well compare it with the fine yellow glazes of the Chinese where the colour is derived from a mixture of an ochry earth with an oxide of antimony.
He conquered technical difficulties, and experimented with clays and bodies and glazes and pigments with hardly less assiduity than did Josiah Wedgwood.
He prepared the glazes himself, determined the correct method of firing, and made the colours used at the factory.
At this Exhibition the coloured crystalline glazes were shown for the first time.
Such types, with turquoise colour passing into green, green melting into purple, and amber fading into grey, are suggestive of the permutation of colour harmonies which these transmutation glazes undergo in the furnace.
Crystalline glazes had by this time been developed.
By referring to the textbooks mentioned in the preface, these glazes may be developed into the potter's formulae.
Sidenote: Transparent Enamels] Transparent enamels are comparable to clear glazes and the coloring medium is the same.
Sidenote: The Relation of Colored Glazes to Interior Decoration of a Room] To find a glaze that will harmonize with the side walls of a room by complementary arrangement of hues, select the desired wall tint from the diagram in Figure 457.
Glazes that will harmonize by analogy are C9 and M7, and are found in the left and right neighboring rectangles.
In the seventh rectangle or in a neighboring one will usually be found a number of glazes answering the requirements and bearing a complementary relation to the side walls.
The glazes are stated in the terms of the ceramist with the proportions of base, alumina, and acid content of each glaze clearly stated.
When glazing, the coloured glazes are applied to the different compartments with a brush.
They do not always go down on cooling, but those glazes that bubble through over-firing should be avoided.
As the back is usually hotter than the front the hard glazes should be packed first, and by selecting suitable shapes a good setter will pack a surprising amount into even a small kiln.
The black and brown oxides of this hard metal are much used to stain slips and bodies, and to colour glazes brown or purple.
For over-glaze work they are excellent, but for some reason glazes fired in them seem to lack some of the richness and maturity the same glazes exhibit when fired in the slower and more soaking fire of a brick kiln.
They range from the thin silicious coating of the ancients up to the rich alkaline glazes of the Persians and Chinese; from the raw galena of peasant pottery to the rich Majolicas and fine hard glazes of modern commerce.
Their rich glazes and fine forms are set off in the simplest and most effective manner.
Tin glazes will stand a lot of over-firing even when thin and the reverse holds good of matt glazes.
On hard glazes this process lends itself to elaborate effects.
Lustres of all shades, crystalline, star, and crackle glazes with safe methods of oxidizing and reducing in the fire, have been brought to perfection.
If the glazes are bought ready mixed, the body must be altered instead.
Other varieties have decoration in metallic lustre on an opaque white tin glaze; others again have monochrome glazes imitating imported Chinese wares.
The earlier glazes are applied directly to the clay; later a white or coloured slip is applied first, and a clear siliceous glaze over this.
At the same time a scientific inquiry was ordered into the practicability of dispensing with lead in glazes or of substituting fritted compounds for the raw carbonate.
The truth is probably that under the impulse of the profound impression created upon him by Constable's art, he added certain touches and extensive glazes to the background.
The brown tints often seen in glazed objects are almost always the result of the decomposition of green glazes containing iron.
The most brilliant age of glazes was under Amenophis III.
Further, besides thus using glaze on a large scale, differently coloured glazes were used, and even fused together.
Of purple glazes of the transmutation class some of the richest effects have been obtained in colour and in splashed effects.
There is a fine artistic blending of the colours and the variation of the glazes which palpitate with life and give extraordinary power to pieces possessed of the "Whieldon" touch.
The fiery crystalline glazesdisplay brilliant red crystalline formation through purple and grey glaze in dazzling patches.
Other crystalline glazes are the Sunstone in which brilliant prismatic and golden crystals are disseminated through rich green yellow or olive brown glazes.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "glazes" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
