The influence of increasing concentration is greater in the case of salts containing divalent ions, and greatest of all in such cases as solutions of ammonia and acetic acid, which are substances of very low conductivity.
Each monovalent ion must therefore be associated with a certain definite charge, which we may take to be a natural unit of electricity; a divalent ion carries two such units, and so on.
If a trivalent element combines with a divalent element, the union will be between two atoms of the trivalent element and three of the divalent element, since these numbers are the smallest which have equal valences.
Univalent hydrogen and divalent oxygen will then have the symbols H- and -O-.
One atom of divalent zinc will replace 2 hydrogen atoms, so that the corresponding zinc salts will be ZnCl{2} and ZnSO{4}.
In like manner, one atom of a trivalent element will replace three of a univalent element, or two atoms will replace three atoms of a divalent element.
In the other series the metals are divalent and resemble magnesium salts in formulas.
A divalent element, on the other hand, will combine with two atoms of a univalent element.
Those compounds in which the iron is divalent are known as ferrous compounds, while those in which it is trivalent are known as ferric.
The elements are divalent in almost all of their compounds, and these compounds in solution give simple, divalent, colorless ions.
In the one series the iron is divalent and forms compounds which in formulas and many chemical properties are similar to the corresponding zinc compounds.
Silver acts as a univalent element and calcium as a divalent element in the formation of their respective nitrates and chlorides.
That it may also be divalent in H{2}O{2} may be made clear as follows: The unit valence of each element may be represented graphically by a line attached to its symbol.
The members of this group are divalent in nearly all their compounds, so that the formulas of their salts resemble those of the alkaline-earth metals.
In many cases it may be connected with basic oxygen, and the salt formation is assumed to involve the passage of divalent into tetravalent oxygen.
Lead generally functions as a divalent element of distinctly metallic character, yielding a definite series of salts derived from the oxide PbO.
Thus hydrochloric acid is better than sulphuric, on account of the stabilizing effect of the divalent SO{4}-- ion on a negative sol.
The above list will hopefully give you a few useful examples demonstrating the appropriate usage of "divalent" in a variety of sentences. We hope that you will now be able to make sentences using this word.
